Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027960 (mole)
 21,279 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nevus cell components have been observed in up to 40% of melanomas, but little is known of the pathobiology of these components in relation to their malignant potential. We studied 44 nevi of the typical, dysplastic, congenital, and Spitz types with a battery of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that react on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues (HMB.45, S-100 protein, RAP-5, epithelial membrane antigen [EMA], and neuron-specific enolase [NSE]) by avidin-biotin immunohistochemical methods. EMA and RAP-5 (which detects the ras oncogene-associated P21 protein) were negative in all cases. Melanoma-specific HMB.45 was strongly reactive with the epidermal component and had a weak to negative reaction with the dermal component in the typical nevi. However, the reaction seen with HMB.45 in the junctional component of dysplastic nevi, congenital nevi, and some Spitz nevi was heterogeneous. One Spitz nevi showed HMB.45 staining in a pattern near to that of melanoma. In contrast to HMB.45, S-100 protein labeled nevomelanocytes, regardless of whether they were within the epidermis or dermis, although, in half of the dysplastic nevi, the reaction was heterogeneous, with some atypical cells failing to stain. But, with cytologically atypical junctional component (dysplastic-appearing), congenital nevi also stained heterogeneously for S-100 protein compared with the dermal component. NSE stained the central component of some Spitz nevi more intensely than the lateral component. Junctional nevomelanocytic subsets of some congenital nevi revealed HMB.45 and S-100 reactivity similar to dysplastic nevi.
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PMID:Typical, dysplastic, congenital, and Spitz nevi: a comparative immunohistochemical study. 229 3

A case of giant pigmented tumour of the scalp which developed in a 47-year-old woman is reported. Macroscopically, the tumour showed a peculiar two-layered structure, consisting of an upper non-pigmented and a lower pigmented portion. Histologically, it was composed of elongated neurofibromatous tumour cells with abundant collagen fibres in the non-pigmented portion and round naevus-like cells with abundant melanin pigment in the pigmented portion. S-100 protein and neurone-specific enolase were demonstrated in most of the tumour cells, but neurofilament and myelin basic protein were not detected. Electron microscopy revealed melanosomes in the tumour cells of the pigmented portion. These findings might support a melanocytic origin for the tumour, but the lack of superficial pigmentation and the associated hair loss were against this. The tumour may represent an example of duality of neural crest differentiation.
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PMID:Giant pigmented tumour of the scalp--a diffuse neurofibroma or a congenital naevus showing neurofibromatous changes? Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies. 316 86

Eleven cases of small cell tumor suspected of melanocarcinoma and another 10 cases of confirmed melanocarcinoma were studied with S-100, HMB-45, NSE and c-k antiserum staining. The main puzzling cells influencing to make a final diagnosis of melanocarcinoma by HE staining were those small cells similar to nevus cells and those round cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Nevertheless, in both of them, there were no pigment obtained. In MF, S-100, HMB-45 and NSE staining, all of the 10 cases diagnosed as typical melanocarcinoma were positive except that one case was negative to S-100 and NSE staining. Among 11 suspicious cases, 8 were negative to MF (3 positive) and 9 cases were positive to S-100 and HMB-45 stains. The 2 negative cases left, anyhow, were positive to C-k staining which was finally confirmed as carcinoma rather than melanoma.
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PMID:[Evaluation of immunochemistry staining in melanocarcinoma diagnosis]. 822 96

The authors draw attention to the possible application, and present their initial experience with examination of serum for the presence of oncomarkers (using radioimmunological methods) in clinical practice of ophthalmooncology in a group of 12 patients treated at the First Ophthalmological Clinic, Faculty Hospital Comenius University, Bratislava in 1997. The mean age of the patients was 59 years. In the first sub-group are nine histologically confirmed malignant melanomas of the uvea (eight times after enucleation of the bulbus and once after block-excision combined with application of the beta-emitter Ru106). In the second sub-group are three patients (one female patient with MMU after application of the beta-emitter Ru106 without enucleation and two patients under investigation on account of a naevus of the choroid). In the whole group of 12 patients the following oncomarkers were examined: TK titre, TPA, B2M and NSE and the patients are monitored so far during a one year period of dispensarization. Elevated levels of beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) were recorded in 50% of the patients and elevated levels of the tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in 25% (in the group of histologically confirmed malignant melanomas of the uvea). On examination of the other oncomarkers (TK, NSE and FE resp.) no positive results were recorded. The importance of investigation of the mentioned oncomarkers in ophthalmooncology is in particular the possibility of early detection of metastases in patients after termination of treatment on account of a malignant melanoma of the uvea.
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PMID:[Use of oncologic markers in ophthalmic oncology]. 981 80