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The abiotic transformation of catechol and 1-naphthol singly and in mixtures was tested in sterile Tris-HCl buffer with regard to several environmental factors including temperature (7 degrees C, 20 degrees C and 30 degrees C), lighting conditions, pH (between 7.0 and 8.5) and dissolved oxygen (at partial pressures of 0.0, 220, 2200, 11000 and 22000 Pa). Irrespective of lighting conditions. catechol autoxidation was confirmed in aerated medium with a rate independent of the presence of 1-naphthol but proportional to the dissolved oxygen concentration, to the pH (its half-disappearance occurred in 24h at pH 8.5) and, to a lesser extent, to the incubating temperature (at 20 degrees C, 20% disappeared in 10 days at pH 7.0). Under alkaline conditions, the reaction of the anionic form (catecholate) with an equimolar concentration of molecular oxygen (O2) led presumably to hydrogen peroxide anion (HO2-) and coloured polymerization products. When tested alone, 1-naphthol was not significantly influenced either by lighting conditions, incubating temperature or dissolved oxygen concentration. It was also found to be quite stable with respect to pH, with a 15-fold weaker transformation rate than for catechol at the highest pH used. When tested in a mixture with catechol, 1-naphthol was found to be involved in a new chemical oxidation reaction catalyzed by catecholate. The transformation of one mole of 1-naphthol consumes four moles of oxygen. In the presence of catechol, the stoichiometry of the 1-naphthol transformation, under the influence of oxygen, suggests the possible formation of 2,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy 1,4-naphthoquinone via Lawsone (2-hydroxy 1,4-naphthoquinone) and naphthopurpurine (2,5,8-trihydroxy 1,4-naphthoquinone) as hypothetic intermediates. This is the first report of the autoxidation of 1-naphthol, catalyzed by catechol, in aqueous solution, in the absence of UV irradiation.
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PMID:Abiotic transformation of catechol and 1-naphthol in aqueous solution-influence of environmental factors. 1156 36

We present a direct ab initio dynamics study on the hydrogen abstraction reaction CH2O + HO2 --> CHO + H2O2, which is predicted to have four possible reaction channels caused by different attacking orientations of HO2 radical to CH2O. The structures and frequencies at the stationary points and the points along the minimum energy paths (MEPs) of the four reaction channels are calculated at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory. Energetic information of stationary points and the points along the MEPs is further refined by means of some single-point multilevel energy calculations (HL). The rate constants of these channels are calculated using the improved canonical variational transition-state theory with the small-curvature tunneling correction (ICVT/SCT) method. The calculated results show that, in the whole temperature range, the more favorable reaction channels are Channels 1 and 3. The total ICVT/SCT rate constants of the four channels at the HL//B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory are in good agreement with the available experiment data over the measured temperature ranges, and the corresponding three-parameter expression is k(ICVT/SCT) = 3.13 x 10(-20) T(2.70) exp(-11.52/RT) cm3 mole(-1) s(-1) in the temperature range of 250-3000 K. Additionally, the flexibility of the dihedral angle of H2O2 is also discussed to explain the different experimental values.
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PMID:Direct dynamics study on the hydrogen abstraction reaction CH2O + HO2 --> CHO + H2O2. 1636 58

The experimental study of the oxidation of the three linear isomers of hexene was performed in a quartz isothermal jet-stirred reactor (JSR) at temperatures ranging from 500 to 1100 K including the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) zone, at quasi-atmospheric pressure (1.07 bar), at a residence time of 2 s and with dilute stoichiometric mixtures. The fuel and reaction product mole fractions were measured using online gas chromatography. In the case of 1-hexene, the JSR has also been coupled through a molecular-beam sampling system to a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer combined with tunable synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization. A difference of reactivity between the three fuels, which varies with the temperature range has been observed and is discussed according to the changes in the possible reaction pathways when the double bond is displaced. An enhanced importance of the reactions via the Waddington mechanism and of those of allylic radicals with HO2 radicals can be noted for 2- and 3-hexenes compared to 1-hexene.
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PMID:Products from the oxidation of linear isomers of hexene. 2440 Jun 65