Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027960 (mole)
 21,279 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report here a 7-year-old Japanese girl with cerebriform intradermal nevus (CIN). By placement of expanders on the galea, her scalp was expanded more easily with less discomfort than is expected when the expanders are placed under the galea. An immunohistochemical study on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen suggested higher proliferative activity of nevus cells from the CIN lesion than that of cells from congenital or acquired intradermal nevi. The high proliferative activity appeared to be associated with a growth spurt of the lesion.
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PMID:Cerebriform intradermal nevus: a case of scalp expansion on the galea. 1034 74

Increased expression of p53 has been found in the majority of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). The pattern and intensity of this staining, as well as staining for proliferation antigens, seems to correlate with behavior of histologic subtypes of BCC. Nevus sebaceus (NS) is considered a hamartoma. Multiple epithelial neoplasms do arise in NS, and, rarely, they show an aggressive biologic behavior. Significant numbers of these neoplasms, however, have areas of basaloid hyperplasia that are often reported as BCC. Although morphologically similar to BCC, the mechanism underlying the development of these areas has not been investigated, so we sought to evaluate the expression of Ber-EP4, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, bcl-2, Factor XIIIa, and CD34 in areas showing basaloid hyperplasia, arising in NS. We performed immunohistochemical stains for Ber-EP4, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, bcl-2, Factor XIIIa, and CD34 on seven cases of NS with areas of basaloid hyperplasia. All of the eight cases of NS showed diffuse positive membrane staining for Ber-EP4 and negative nuclear staining for p53. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 staining was only slightly increased in the areas of basaloid hyperplasia, compared with the surrounding epidermis and with areas of the epidermis peripheral to the hamartomatous proliferation, and bcl-2 was only focally positive. Factor XIIIa-positive cells and CD34-positive vascular endothelial cells were increased within the subjacent dermis, a pattern suggestive of follicular differentiation. Our findings suggest that even though areas of basaloid hyperplasia in NS are morphologically similar to BCC, they are induced by different stimulatory and molecular mechanisms. These different mechanisms result in expression of immunohistochemical markers more characteristic of benign follicular tumors than of BCC.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical staining for Ber-EP4, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, bcl-2, CD34, and factor XIIIa in nevus sebaceus. 1034 81

In a rodent system, melanoma cells expressing Fas ligand (FasL) could kill Fas-positive lymphocytes, suggesting that FasL expression was an essential factor for melanoma cell survival in vivo. These findings led us to investigate apoptosis, and to histochemically analyze involvement of Fas and FasL in the induction of apoptosis, in human malignant melanoma tissues. The percentages of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotin-dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive melanoma cells and of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive melanoma cells in melanoma tissues (n = 22) were greater than those in melanocytes in uninvolved skin (n = 6) and nevus cells in nevi tissues (n = 9). The infiltrating lymphocytes around melanomas were also TUNEL positive. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of Fas and FasL in melanoma cells and lymphocytes, whereas no Fas or FasL expression was detected in normal skin melanocytes and nevus cells. There was significant correlation between Fas-positive indices and TUNEL indices in melanoma tissues. Moreover, TUNEL-, Fas-, and FasL-positive indices of melanoma cells from patients with Stage 3 melanomas were significantly lower than those with Stage 2 melanomas. The PCNA index of Stage 1 melanoma was significantly lower than that of the other stages, although the difference of PCNA index was insignificant among Stages 2 to 4. Among Stages 1 to 4, there was no difference in the PCNA, TUNEL-, and Fas-positive indices of lymphocytes, although the FasL-positive index of lymphocytes from Stage 3 melanomas was significantly lower than in that from Stage 2. These data reveal that melanoma cells and infiltrating lymphocytes have the potential to induce their own apoptosis regulated by Fas and FasL in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion and that the decline of Fas-mediated apoptosis of melanoma cells, rather than the apoptosis of infiltrating lymphocytes, may affect the prognosis of melanoma patients, possibly through the accumulation of more aberrant cells acquiring metastatic activity.
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PMID:Fas-mediated apoptosis of melanoma cells and infiltrating lymphocytes in human malignant melanomas. 1195 Sep 12

The rapid growth of lesions clinically resembling compound nevi in patients with HIV/AIDS should alert physicians to the possibility of malignant melanomas. Immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen can be helpful in the diagnosis of these tumors. A case of multiple primary nevoid melanomas in a patient with HIV/AIDS is reported.
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PMID:Multiple nevoid malignant melanomas in a patient with AIDS: the role of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the diagnosis. 1214 Apr 53

Equine melanoma shows striking features particularly with regard to clinical development in grey horses: in contrast to malignant melanoma in humans and in solid coloured horses that are characterized by early onset of metastasis, pigment cell tumours display almost benign clinical features in ageing grey horses. Through evolution, grey horses appear to be in a favourable position in regard to the biological behaviour of melanomas. Yet unknown factors inhibiting or retarding early melanoma metastasis may be responsible for this phenomenon. In this study, immunostaining profiles and histopathologic patterns of equine vs. human melanotic tumours were compared. In addition, the expression of melanoma markers currently used in human melanoma detection and characterization were evaluated for their applicability in equine melanoma diagnosis. Immunohistopathologic investigations revealed that benign grey horse melanomas share common features with human blue nevi and with human malignant desmoplastic melanomas, whereas their resemblance to other types of human cutaneous malignant melanomas is less pronounced. Our data equally underline that S-100, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), HMB-45, Ki-67, T-311 and CD44 can serve as reliable markers for horse melanomas. Further investigations aiming at identifying factors retarding metastasis in affected grey horses are needed, as they may contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies for human malignant melanoma.
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PMID:Comparative histopathology of grey-horse-melanoma and human malignant melanoma. 1554 Oct 26

Regional lymph node involvement by a cellular blue nevus has been reported. However, it has recently been suggested that specific cases with "benign metastasizing" cellular blue nevi are actually rare. This study describes a typical case of a cellular blue nevus with nevus cells in a sentinel lymph node. We demonstrated that a cellular blue nevus clearly involved the regional lymph node and investigated the immunohistochemical profiles of such nodal cellular blue nevus cells. The location of the nevus cells fundamentally indicated a benign type, with limitation to the capsule and the fibrous trabeculae. However, only a few, isolated nevus cells were also seen in the parenchyma of the lymph node. The nevus cells in the capsule and the fibrous trabeculae were positive for c-kit, like the migrating melanocytes from the neural crest. In cellular blue nevi or lesions with similar histopathological features, it may be appropriate to consider the predominant involvement of the capsule as well as the benign cytological features and the immunohistochemical profiles (Ki-67-, PCNA-, and c-kit+) of the nodal cells to be a benign sign.
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PMID:Cellular blue nevus with nevus cells in a sentinel lymph node. 1869 67

The pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) constitute polymodal airway chemosensors for monitoring and signaling ambient gas concentrations (pO2, pCO2/H+) via complex innervation to the brain stem controlling breathing. NEBs produce the bioactive amine, serotonin (5-HT), and a variety of peptides with multiple effects on lung physiology and other organ systems. NEBs in mammals appear prominent and numerous during fetal and neonatal periods, and decline in the post-natal period suggesting an important role during perinatal adaptation. The naked mole-rat (NMR), Heterocephalus glaber, has adapted to the extreme environmental conditions of living in subterranean burrows in large colonies (up to 300 colony mates). The crowded, unventilated burrows are environments of severe hypoxia and hypercapnia. However, NMRs adjust readily to above ground conditions. The chemosensory NEBs of this species were characterized and compared to those of the conventional Wistar rat (WR) to identify similarities and differences that could explain the NMR's adaptability to environments. A multilabel immunohistochemical analysis combined with confocal microscopy revealed that the expression patterns of amine, peptide, neuroendocrine, innervation markers and chemosensor component proteins in NEBs of NMR were similar to that of WR. However, we found the following differences: 1) NEBs in both neonatal and adult NMR lungs were significantly larger and more numerous as compared to WR; 2) NEBs in NMR had a more variable compact cell organization and exhibited significant differences in the expression of adhesion proteins; 3) NMR NEBs showed a significantly greater ratio of 5-HT positive cells with an abundance of 5-HT; 4) NEBs in NMR expressed the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the neurogenic gene (MASH1) indicating active proliferation and a state of persistent differentiation. Taken together our findings suggest that NEBs in lungs of NMR are in a hyperactive, functional and developmental state, reminiscent of a persistent fetal state that extends postnatally.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical characterization of the chemosensory pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies in the naked mole-rat reveals a unique adaptive phenotype. 2540 64


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