Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027960 (mole)
 21,279 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A UV spectrophotometric analysis of 4-methoxy-2-(3 (4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)) propyl-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,3-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo [3,4-c] pyridine (II) in HCI (0.01 mole/L) was performed by determining the values of specific absorption coefficients at the following analytical wavelengths: 225, 285 and 350 nm. The separation by means of TLC of compound II and of its five decomposition products was also studied. Silica gel coated plates (60 F254) were used and the mobile phase consisted of butanol--acetic acid--water. A validated RP-HPLC method for the determination or purity evaluation of II, with phenacetin as an internal standard, is described. The solution of II in HCI (0.01 mole/L) was chromatographed on an octadecyl column (LiChrosorb 100 RP-18 column 250 x 4.0 mm I.D., dp = 5 microm) using an eluent composed of the mixture acetonitrile--phosphate buffer pH = 2. Ultraviolet detection was used at an operation wavelength of 239 nm. The HPLC method was validated by determination of the following parameters: selectivity, precision, accuracy, linearity, stability of the analite, LOD and LOQ. Kinetic studies of the decomposition process of II in both acidic and alkaline environments demonstrated the instability of the imide group.
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PMID:HPLC and TLC methodology for determination or purity evaluation of 4-methoxy-2-(3(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl))propyl-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,3-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine. 1602 87

Spermine is a substrate of lentil (Lens culinaris) seedling amine oxidase and the oxidation products are reversible inactivators of the enzyme. The spermine is oxidized at the terminal amino groups to a dialdehyde: 2 moles of hydrogen peroxide and 2 moles of ammonia per mole of spermine are formed. The pH optimum of the enzyme with spermine is 7.9 in TI-HCI buffer; the K(m) value is 4.4.10(-4) molar, similar to that found with other substrates (putrescine and spermidine).
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PMID:Oxidation of spermine by an amine oxidase from lentil seedlings. 1666 8

The method of arrested relaxation has been applied to the study of infrared chemiluminescence arising from HCl(upsilon'>0) formed in the reaction H + SCl(2) ? HCI + SCl. The main findings are (a) that the mean fraction of the available energy entering vibration in the new bond is similar to that for the reaction H + Cl(2) ? HCl + Cl, the value being f (upsilon') approximately 0.43 (assuming the energy available for distribution among the products to be E'(tot) = 48 kcal mole(-1)); (b) that the breadth of the distribution over the populated vibrational levels, upsilon' = 1-5, substantially exceeds that for H + Cl(2) ? HCl + Cl, indicating altered reaction dynamics; (c) that the rotational distribution in the newly formed HCl is double-peaked, suggesting two distinct types of reaction dynamics (neither closely resembling that for H + Cl(2)), one of which gives rise to HCl with modest rotational excitation and one to HCl with a high degree of rotational excitation; (d) the mean fraction of E'(tot) entering product rotation (averaged over all reactive encounters) is f (R') asymptotically equal to 0.19; (e) the group of reactive encounters that result in less rotationally excited HCl are distinguished from the group that result in highly rotationally excited HCl, by differing correlation with upsilon'; this is further evidence that two distinct types of dynamics are involved in the reaction H + SCl(2) ? HCl + SCl.
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PMID:Energy Distribution Among Reaction Products: H + SCl(2) ? HCl + SCl. 2011 Dec 3

Sympatric speciation has been controversial since it was first proposed as a mode of speciation. Subterranean blind mole rats (Spalacidae) are considered to speciate allopatrically or peripatrically. Here, we report a possible incipient sympatric adaptive ecological speciation in Spalax galili (2n = 52). The study microsite (0.04 km(2)) is sharply subdivided geologically, edaphically, and ecologically into abutting barrier-free ecologies divergent in rock, soil, and vegetation types. The Pleistocene Alma basalt abuts the Cretaceous Senonian Kerem Ben Zimra chalk. Only 28% of 112 plant species were shared between the soils. We examined mitochondrial DNA in the control region and ATP6 in 28 mole rats from basalt and in 14 from chalk habitats. We also sequenced the complete mtDNA (16,423 bp) of four animals, two from each soil type. Remarkably, the frequency of all major haplotype clusters (HC) was highly soil-biased. HCI and HCII are chalk biased. HC-III was abundant in basalt (36%) but absent in chalk; HC-IV was prevalent in basalt (46.5%) but was low (20%) in chalk. Up to 40% of the mtDNA diversity was edaphically dependent, suggesting constrained gene flow. We identified a homologous recombinant mtDNA in the basalt/chalk studied area. Phenotypically significant divergences differentiate the two populations, inhabiting different soils, in adaptive oxygen consumption and in the amount of outside-nest activity. This identification of a possible incipient sympatric adaptive ecological speciation caused by natural selection indirectly refutes the allopatric alternative. Sympatric ecological speciation may be more prevalent in nature because of abundant and sharply abutting divergent ecologies.
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PMID:Possible incipient sympatric ecological speciation in blind mole rats (Spalax). 2335