Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027960 (mole)
 21,279 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diverse hyaline bodies occurring in various diseases were investigated immunocytochemically with antibodies to type IV collagen and laminin. These hyaline bodies included those found predominantly extracellularly in adenoid cystic carcinomas, endodermal sinus tumors, Spitz nevi, lichen planus, diabetic glomerular nodular sclerosis, and odontogenic cysts, and those found predominantly intracellularly in alcoholic liver disease, Kaposi's sarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The hyaline bodies found in the first six diseases displayed intense immunoreactivity for the basement membrane components, type IV collagen, and laminin, whereas the hyaline bodies occurring in the latter three diseases were unreactive. These findings suggest that a common histogenesis of the extracellular hyaline body is the stimulatory effect of an altered growth state (hyperplasia, neoplasia, or endocrinopathy) on basement membrane synthesis in cells that normally produce a basement membrane.
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PMID:Extracellular hyaline bodies are basement membrane accumulations. 303 93

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are involved in remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins suggesting that they play an important role in inflammatory process, in tumour invasion and metastasis. We examined immunohistochemically 330 cases of different skin disorders with the monoclonal antibody against MMP 11, stromelysin-3 (ST-3) protein. We found a positive immunoreactivity in fibroblasts surrounding malignant epithelial tumour cells in 63 of 125 cases (50.4%) of basal cell carcinomas, in four of 25 (16%) squamous cell carcinomas, whereas the tumour cells themselves were negative. Furthermore, the ST-3 protein could be detected in 23 of 40 cases (57.5%) of dermatofibroma, in two of five cases (40%) of atypical fibroxanthoma, in one of eight cases (12.5%) of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and, locally, in one of 10 cases (10%) of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. It was not present in the following skin lesions: keratoakanthomas (n = 12), Bowen's disease (n = 10), malignant melanoma (n = 12), melanocytic nevi (n = 28) and Kaposi's sarcomas (n = 25). In eczema (n = 10), psoriasis (n = 10) and virus-induced tissues (i.e. condylomata acuminata, n = 10) we did not observe an expression of ST-3 protein. We conclude first that ST-3 protein is a fibroblastic factor expressed in stromal cells adjacent to carcinoma cells; second, that ST-3 protein seems to be associated with benign fibroblastic tumours; and third, that it does not play a role in eczema, psoriasis or virus-induced skin lesions.
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PMID:Stromelysin-3 (ST-3): immunohistochemical characterization of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-11 in benign and malignant skin tumours and other skin disorders. 1023 68

More recent techniques to characterize the genetic profile of soft-tissue tumors include the use of gene arrays. Using this technique, Apolipoprotein D (Apo D), a 33-kDa glycoprotein component of high-density lipoprotein, has been found to be highly expressed in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. To corroborate these results, we sought to ascertain the utility of Apo D by investigating its sensitivity and specificity in a variety of CD34-positive and CD34-negative cutaneous neoplasms including superficial acral fibromyxoma, sclerotic fibromas, and cellular dermatofibromas. Of interest, we found absence of Apo D expression in all four cases of superficial acral fibromyxoma. Of the remaining CD34-positive lesions, Apo D expression was noted in 35/36 (97%) cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, 3/5 (60%) giant-cell fibroblastomas, 4/4 (100%) sclerotic fibromas, 8/8 (100%) neurofibromas, and 1/1 (100%) solitary fibrous tumor. Of the CD34-negative lesions, Apo D expression was noted in 2/22 (9%) regular dermatofibroma, 23/45 (51%) cellular dermatofibroma, 10/10 (100%) malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 9/10 (90%) atypical fibroxanthoma, 7/8 (86%) cellular neurothekeoma, 9/9 (100%) malignant melanoma, 8/8 (100%) melanocytic nevi (100%), 0/2 superficial angiomyxoma, 0/15 fibromatosis, 0/1 nodular fasciitis, and 1/2 (50%) desmoplastic fibroblastomas. In summary, our findings indicate that Apo D expression is not specific to dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Its principal use as an immunohistochemical adjunct lies in its utility in differentiating superficial acral fibromyxoma from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Although strong positive staining of Apo D in a markedly atypical fibrohistiocytic lesion is suggestive of atypical fibroxanthoma and/or malignant fibrous histiocytoma, further studies with the inclusion of other atypical spindled cell neoplasms are required to conclusively prove the same.
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PMID:Apolipoprotein D in CD34-positive and CD34-negative cutaneous neoplasms: a useful marker in differentiating superficial acral fibromyxoma from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. 1788 69

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) has been suggested as a useful treatment option in a number of skin tumors, other than approved indications, and infections. However, evidence is poor because it is mainly supported by isolated case reports or small case series, often with conflicting results. To assess the effectiveness, tolerability and safety of off-label MAL-PDT in daily clinical practice in 20 Italian hospitals, a retrospective observational study of medical records of patients treated for off-label oncologic and infectious skin conditions was carried out. In all patients standard treatment options had been either ineffective, unacceptably toxic, or medically contraindicated. Clinical data from 145 patients were analyzed. Actinic cheilitis showed a complete remission (CR) in 27 out of 43 treated patients and CR was maintained at follow-up. CR was registered in 3 of 8, 5 of 8 and 10 of 17 treated patients who were affected by extra-mammary Paget's disease (EMPD), erythroplasia of Queyrat (QD), and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), respectively. Five out of 19 patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma had a complete remission. Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, mastocytosis and nevus sebaceous were not responsive. Warts were treated in 30 patients and 15 had a complete remission. However, periungueal and plantar lesions were much more responsive than flat and common lesions. Condylomata showed a CR in 2 out of 5 male patients but treatment was painful. Bowenoid papulosis showed only a partial improvement. Atypical mycobacteriosis and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis were successfully treated. Submammary candidal intertrigo and interdigital intertrigo with Pseudomonas aeruginosa did not improve. Among off-label oncological uses of MAL-PDT, the therapy of actinic cheilitis was the most investigated and showed the best results. In addition, MAL-PDT was used successfully in the majority of patients with QD, EMPD and invasive SCC. Treatment of specific cutaneous infections was well tolerated and gave a good therapeutic result in a few patients, but it does not seem to give substantial advantages over conventional treatment options.
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PMID:A retrospective analysis of real-life practice of off-label photodynamic therapy using methyl aminolevulinate (MAL-PDT) in 20 Italian dermatology departments. Part 2: oncologic and infectious indications. 2294 76