Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027960 (mole)
 21,279 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neoplasms of blood and lymph vessels differ from angiectatic and angiokeratotic nevi by real proliferating growth. According to their features of growth and their wall structures, they are classified into three main groups: angiomas, glomangiomas and malignant vascular tumors. Within the angiomas on the one hand, capillary angiomas are classified into: planotuberous and tuberonodous angiomas of childhood and Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, multilocular hemangiomatosis, progressive multiple angiomas, tardive ("senile") angiomas, eruptive angiomas (granulomata pediculata), papular angioplasia, gemmangioma, and benign juvenile hemangioendothelioma. On the other hand, cavernous angiomas, i.e. arterial and venous cavernomas, as well as blue rubberbleb nevus, Mafucci's syndrome, angioleiomyoma, benign juvenile hemangiopericytoma and cavernous lymphangioma, form thick walled structures without involution. Glomangiomas occur as solitary, multiple systematized, and multiple disseminated and familiar forms. Within the group of malignant vascular tumors--Kaposi sarcoma, lymphangiosarcoma in lymphedema, hemangioendothelioma and angioplastic reticulosarcoma, hemangio- or lymphangiosarcoma, angioendotheliomastosis proliferans, rarity and increasing loss of characteristic differentiated structures give rise to difficulties in nosologic classification.
 ...
PMID:[Classification of vascular neoplasms]. 21 13

This article presents a review of oral malignant melanoma and other oral cavity pigmented lesions. The dismal prognosis for patients with oral malignant melanoma is partly due to patients' delayed recognition of signs of early disease and delayed diagnosis by physicians. Pigmented macules and plaques in the oral cavity, representing the radial growth phase of tumors, often go unrecognized for months or years before tumor invasion. Therefore, if early detection of thin oral melanomas is to be achieved, all pigmented oral cavity lesions should be viewed with suspicion. Biopsies of such lesions are indicated when the clinical diagnosis is uncertain. Prompt aggressive surgical treatment is essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality from oral melanomas. The differential diagnosis of oral melanomas includes nevi, oral melanotic macules, amalgam tattoos, Kaposi's sarcoma, oral melanoacanthoma, and physiologic pigmentation.
 ...
PMID:Oral melanoma and other pigmented lesions of the oral cavity. 203 25

Diverse hyaline bodies occurring in various diseases were investigated immunocytochemically with antibodies to type IV collagen and laminin. These hyaline bodies included those found predominantly extracellularly in adenoid cystic carcinomas, endodermal sinus tumors, Spitz nevi, lichen planus, diabetic glomerular nodular sclerosis, and odontogenic cysts, and those found predominantly intracellularly in alcoholic liver disease, Kaposi's sarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The hyaline bodies found in the first six diseases displayed intense immunoreactivity for the basement membrane components, type IV collagen, and laminin, whereas the hyaline bodies occurring in the latter three diseases were unreactive. These findings suggest that a common histogenesis of the extracellular hyaline body is the stimulatory effect of an altered growth state (hyperplasia, neoplasia, or endocrinopathy) on basement membrane synthesis in cells that normally produce a basement membrane.
 ...
PMID:Extracellular hyaline bodies are basement membrane accumulations. 303 93

A complete skin examination has been recommended by many dermatologists. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of this examination. Of 1157 consecutively treated new dermatology patients, 1106 (96%) agreed to a total skin examination. Important incidental lesions were found in 162 (15%) of these patients. The types of incidental findings included (1) rashes helpful in establishing the primary diagnosis--20 patients (1.8%); (2) important rashes unrelated to the primary diagnosis--37 patients (3.3%); (3) malignant tumors--22 patients (2.0%); (4) clinically dysplastic nevi--25 patients (2.3%); and (5) congenital nevi--31 patients (2.8%). One patient had an incidental melanoma and another was found to have Kaposi's sarcoma, which led to the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is concluded that a complete skin examination is productive and it is recommended for all new dermatology patients.
 ...
PMID:Yield from a complete skin examination. Findings in 1157 new dermatology patients. 334 6

Ultrasonography (US) was first used in dermatology in 1979. During the last few years, US has evolved thanks to technological progress and its use has been on the increase, in dermatology, to study both localized and diffuse skin diseases. In this paper, the authors review and compare the results obtained with a 20 MHz transducer with those obtained with 7.5 MHz and 10 MHz transducers in the study of skin alterations. Three parameters were considered: lesion identification, spatial evaluation and US structure. Fifty-eight cases of localized and 48 of diffuse skin diseases were examined. The localized forms were benign in nature in 18 patients (3 nevi, 2 seborrheic keratoses, 3 ulcus cruris cases, 6 sebaceous and 2 liquid cysts). The other 40 patients had malignant neoplastic lesions (16 epitheliomas, 13 primitive melanomas, 1 metastatic melanoma, 8 lymphomas and 2 Kaposi's sarcomas). The 48 cases of diffuse conditions included 27 systemic sclerosis, 18 psoriasis and 3 lichen planus cases. The comparative analysis of the results obtained using the different types of transducers in the study of localized dermatoses showed no differences in lesion identification and in the depiction of their US features. On the other hand, the 20 MHz transducer was much more accurate than the others as regards the spatial evaluation of the lesions measurable in millimeters, whereas it poorly demonstrated the lesions > 1.5 cm. However, only the 20 MHz transducer could demonstrate the US features of diffuse conditions.
 ...
PMID:[Echography applied in dermatologic diseases. A comparative preliminary study of the use of high-frequency transducers]. 848 55

Recently, we have described a monoclonal antibody, named MS-1, which identifies a novel high-molecular-weight protein expressed by noncontinuous, sinusoidal endothelia and by interstitial dendritic cells in certain normal human organs (S Goerdt, LJ Walsh, GF Murphy, JS Pober, J Cell Biol 1991, 113:1425-1437; and LJ Walsh, S Goerdt, JS Pober, H Sueki, GF Murphy, Lab Invest 1991, 65: 732-741). In this report, we demonstrate in studying a variety of skin lesions that MS-1 antigen can also be expressed by endothelia of continuous origin under certain pathological conditions. Among the skin lesions tested, MS-1 antigen expression by endothelial cells of continuous origin is frequently observed in wound healing tissue, in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, in psoriasis, and in melanoma metastasis, ie, in 100%, 80%, 71%, and 71% of cases, respectively. In contrast, endothelial MS-1 antigen expression rarely occurred in other skin lesions, including vascular tumors, six of which were Kaposi's sarcomas (13% and 0% of cases with vascular MS-1 expression, respectively). The percentage of cases with MS-1+ vessels is only marginally different in malignant versus benign lesions (55% versus 31%); when melanocytic nevi, primary melanomas, and melanoma metastases are compared, however, an increase in the percentage of cases with MS-1+ vessels is seen (31%, 50%, and 71%, respectively). Apart from wound healing, the relative number of MS-1+ vessels in a given lesion amounts to less than 5% compared with the number of continuous type vessels stained by monoclonal antibody 1F10 (S Goerdt, F Steckel, K Schulze-Osthoff, H-H Hagemeier, E Macher, C Sorg, Exp Cell Biol 1989, 57: 185-192). In addition, the occurrence of MS-1+ vessels is not related to the overall vascularity of a given lesion. Thus, the conditions for MS-1 antigen expression by endothelia of continuous origin cannot as yet be exactly defined. Furthermore, we have noticed that the number of MS-1+ dendritic cells varies considerably in skin lesions; in the early patch lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma and in juvenile xanthogranuloma MS-1+ cells even constitute the major cell type. This prompted us to investigate MS-1 antigen expression and its regulation in cultured human monocytes/macrophages. Expression of MS-1 antigen by these cells regularly starts at day 3 of culture and reaches its maximal value at day 9, after which it declines.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Inducible expression of MS-1 high-molecular-weight protein by endothelial cells of continuous origin and by dendritic cells/macrophages in vivo and in vitro. 849 45

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are involved in remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins suggesting that they play an important role in inflammatory process, in tumour invasion and metastasis. We examined immunohistochemically 330 cases of different skin disorders with the monoclonal antibody against MMP 11, stromelysin-3 (ST-3) protein. We found a positive immunoreactivity in fibroblasts surrounding malignant epithelial tumour cells in 63 of 125 cases (50.4%) of basal cell carcinomas, in four of 25 (16%) squamous cell carcinomas, whereas the tumour cells themselves were negative. Furthermore, the ST-3 protein could be detected in 23 of 40 cases (57.5%) of dermatofibroma, in two of five cases (40%) of atypical fibroxanthoma, in one of eight cases (12.5%) of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and, locally, in one of 10 cases (10%) of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. It was not present in the following skin lesions: keratoakanthomas (n = 12), Bowen's disease (n = 10), malignant melanoma (n = 12), melanocytic nevi (n = 28) and Kaposi's sarcomas (n = 25). In eczema (n = 10), psoriasis (n = 10) and virus-induced tissues (i.e. condylomata acuminata, n = 10) we did not observe an expression of ST-3 protein. We conclude first that ST-3 protein is a fibroblastic factor expressed in stromal cells adjacent to carcinoma cells; second, that ST-3 protein seems to be associated with benign fibroblastic tumours; and third, that it does not play a role in eczema, psoriasis or virus-induced skin lesions.
 ...
PMID:Stromelysin-3 (ST-3): immunohistochemical characterization of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-11 in benign and malignant skin tumours and other skin disorders. 1023 68

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is rarely associated with other skin diseases, especially cutaneous neoplasms. Such associations are exceptional and of unknown frequency. The aim of this study was to record the histologic variants and frequency of associated lesions in a large series of consecutive MC cases. We reviewed 578 MC cases from the Laboratory of Dermatopathology of the University Hospitals of Strasbourg, France (1959-1999). The locations of MC were as follows: head and neck (34.7%), trunk (27.1%), lower limbs (20.7%), upper limbs (8.7%), and genitalia (3.8%). Molluscum contagiosum occurred more often in female patients (56.7%). The age range of patients included in this study was 0 to 19 years (34.9%), 20 to 39 years (31.1%), 40 to 59 years (22.8%), and over 60 years (6.5%). Histologic variants of MC were noted in 46 cases (31 pseudocystic, 8 giant, and 7 pedunculated). An underlying abscess was present in 65 cases. Of the 578 cases, 22 were associated with other lesions (3.8%). There were 9 cases of epidermal cysts, 4 of nevocellular nevi, 3 of metaplastic ossifications, 2 of true epidermal nevi, 2 of sebaceous hyperplasias, 2 of soft fibromas, and 1 of Kaposi sarcoma. Except in immunocompromised patients, such associations are likely to be coincidental. The clinical diagnosis was correct in 42.3% of the cases. Clinical accuracy varied according to the age, localization, and histologic pattern of MC. Pseudocystic MC, giant MC, and MC associated with other lesions were responsible for frequent clinical misdiagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Molluscum contagiosum: histologic patterns and associated lesions. A study of 578 cases. 1128 3

Small amounts of cell-free DNA circulate in both healthy and diseased human blood, while increased concentrations of DNA are present in the serum of cancer patients. Tumor-specific mutations or epigenetic modifications have predominantly been detected in tissue specimens. The purpose of this study was to investigate methylation of five different genes involved in tumor suppression and DNA repair (suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 and 2 (SOCS1, SOCS2)), Ras-association domain family protein 1A (RASSF1a), D-type p16(INK4a) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKN), and O6-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT)) in the serum of 100 patients using methylation-specific PCR. In all, 41 melanoma patients (stage I = 18; stage II = 10; stage III/IV = 13), 13 healthy controls without nevi, and 10 individuals with more than 15 nevi of >5 mm in size were investigated. For comparison, sera from patients with other skin tumors (nine basal cell cancers, five Kaposi's sarcoma), different metastasized cancers (five breast cancers, five colon cancers), and several chronic inflammatory diseases (n = 12) were also analyzed. In addition, we examined if methylation was involved in silencing transcription of these genes in 12 melanoma specimens. SOCS1, SOCS2, RASSF1a, CDKN2a, and MGMT were methylated in 75, 43, 64, 75, and 64% of melanoma samples, respectively. Of the 41 melanoma patients, 83% had one hypermethylated gene, while 66, 51, and 41% had two, three, or four hypermethylated genes, respectively. Also, 20% of these patients showed hypermethylation for all genes, while only 17% showed no methylation. Importantly, the methylation profile of the selected genes from melanoma patients was distinct from the other analyzed tumors. Transcription of SOCS1, SOCS2, CDKN2a, and RASSF1a genes was significantly reduced in fresh melanoma samples, while MGMT showed a 12-fold upregulation at the messenger ribonucleic acid level (P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that epigenetic silencing of the studied tumor suppressor genes is a common and probably important mechanism for melanoma formation. This convenient method using a simple blood sample may contribute to classification of melanoma and awaits clinical validation.
 ...
PMID:Epigenetic inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in serum of patients with cutaneous melanoma. 1637 57

The oral cavity contains many organs and tissues compressed in a small area. Accordingly oral tumors have a wide variety of appearances. Reactive hyper-plastic lesions include epulis,morsicatio,traumatic ulcer or palatal hyperplasia. These benign lesions must be separated clinically and histologically from precancerous and neoplastic lesions. In leukoplakia,the individual risk can be estimated by clinical signs. Nevertheless histopathology is mandatory because precancerous lesions usually precede or accompany most oral cancers. Amalgam tattoo,oral nevi and melanoacanthoma have to be considered as differential diagnoses of oral melanoma. Accurate clinico-pathological diagnosis is mandatory to insure appropriate therapy. Oral soft tissue tumors such as Kaposi sarcoma and multiple mucosal neuromas in MEN 2b require interdisciplinary management. Diseases affecting the minor salivary glands which may be encountered by dermatologists include mucocele, necrotizing sialometa-plasia,and tumors such as pleomorphic adenoma.
 ...
PMID:Reactive hyperplasias,precancerous and malignant lesions of the oral mucosa. 1831 22


1 2 Next >>