Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027960 (mole)
 21,279 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A special type of metastatic carcinoma to the skin, epidermotropic carcinoma, is thought to be a parasitic occupation of malignant tumors in the epidermis. A patient, a 56-year-old Japanese woman who had had a mastectomy because of mammary carcinoma thirteen months earlier, developed a metastatic skin tumor in the operation wound and another area of mammary skin. Histologically, almost only the epidermis was occupied by multifocal metastatic tumor nests, so the tumor was a type of epidermotropic metastatic carcinoma. Moreover, some tumor nests were found to be eliminated from the epidermis. Like other types of metastatic skin tumor, nevus pigmentosus, and amyloidosis, epidermotropic metastatic carcinoma can show transepithelial elimination.
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PMID:A case of epidermotropic metastatic mammary carcinoma. 277 93

Dermal melanosis is caused by deposition of melanin in melanophages or by free melanin in the dermis or in dermal melanocytes. Circumscribed dermal melanoses can be congenital or acquired and at times are nevoid in distribution. Bilateral nevus of Ota-like lesions and blue macules recently have been described in association with progressive systemic sclerosis. Macular amyloidosis and friction melanosis are also acquired dermal melanoses. It is important to distinguish dermal melanoses caused by the presence of melanocytes in the dermis from those produced by the presence of melanin free within the dermis. Clinically, the two different processes may have very similar appearances. Treatments for circumscribed dermal melanoses include cosmetics, cryotherapy, dermabrasion, or, rarely, skin grafts.
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PMID:Circumscribed dermal melanoses. Classification and histologic features. 337 74

Amyloid was extracted from the spleen of a patient with primary amyloidosis by homogenizing it at high speed with water after preliminary treatments, first to remove proteins soluble in saline, and then to remove salts. The extracts containing amyloid appeared to be clear at concentrations up to 6 mg/ml of protein. The material gave little sediment on being centrifuged up to 20,000 g for 1 hr, but the protein was sedimented at 100,000 g in 1 hr. The amyloid could be precipitated from the extracts by addition of NaCl to 0.0075 mole/liter or of CaCl(2) to 0.0025 mole/liter. The protein-bound Congo red formed a red precipitate and this property was used to estimate recovery and purity of amyloid during extraction. On electronmicroscopy the isolated amyloid proved to be morphologically pure. It existed either as single filaments measuring 60-80 A in diameter or as large aggregates of these filaments.Freshly isolated amyloid in water sedimented as a single homogeneous peak with an s degrees (20,[unk]) of about 45-50S. On standing, the solution became cloudy and more rapidly sedimenting components appeared. On electrophoresis the material migrated as a homogeneous peak towards the anode. The protein had an amino acid composition different from that of all known serum proteins. It was rich in acidic amino acids and had little cysteine and methionine and no hydroxyproline. The total content of carbohydrate was less than 2%.
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PMID:The characterization of soluble amyloid prepared in water. 564 27

We describe a case of a 28-year-old woman affected by celiac disease (CD) associated with rare multiple disorders of the cutaneous pigmentary system: atypical mole syndrome and congenital giant naevus. Some other rare skin lesions have been reported in association with celiac disease such as cutaneous sarcoidosic granuloma, bullous pemphigoid, ichthyosis, alopecia areata, erythema elevatum diutinum, sclero-atrophic lichen and primary cutaneous amyloidosis. This is the 1(st) report concerning celiac disease and congenital disorders of the pigmentary system.
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PMID:Atypical mole syndrome and congenital giant naevus in a patient with celiac disease. 1461 21

Atopic dermatitis, nummular dermatitis, dyshidrosis, and melasma seem to be more common in Asians, whereas psoriasis and skin cancer are less common. In addition, there are less common skin conditions that are usually seen in Asians, including Mongolian spot, nevus of Ota, nevus of Ito, Kawasaki disease, primary cutaneous amyloidosis, Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, and LCAI. Awareness of these less common cutaneous disorders can be helpful, especially for clinicians who work in areas with a large Asian population.
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PMID:Cutaneous diseases in Asians. 1471 7

Recent work suggests that protein fibrillation mechanisms and the structure of the resulting protein fibrils are very sensitive to environmental conditions such as temperature and ionic strength. Here we report the effect of several inorganic salts on the fibrillation of glucagon. At acidic pH, fibrillation is much less influenced by cations than anions, for which the effects follow the electroselectivity series; e.g., the effect of sulfate is approximately 65-fold higher than that of chloride per mole. Increased salt concentrations generally accelerate fibrillation, but result in formation of an alternate type of fibrils. Stability of these fibrils is highly affected by changes in anion concentration; the apparent melting temperature is increased by approximately 22 degrees C for any 10-fold concentration increase, indicating that the fibrils cannot exist without anions. In contrast, fibrillation under alkaline conditions is more affected by cations than anions. We conclude that ions interact directly as structural ligands with glucagon fibrils where they coordinate charges and assist in formation of new fibrils. As ex vivo amyloid plaques often contain large amounts of highly sulfated organic molecules, the specific effects of sulfate ions on glucagon may have general relevance in the study of amyloidosis and other protein deposition diseases.
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PMID:Sulfates dramatically stabilize a salt-dependent type of glucagon fibrils. 1653 57

Red nail is a common disorder. However, a thorough examination of the patient's nails allows one to distinguish different diseases. For example, longitudinal erythronychia may be monodactylous or polydactylous. Only the former type can show histologically Bowen's disease or an amelanotic melanoma. Among the polydactylous type, the nosologic position of the acantholytic and dyskeratotic naevus versus Darier's disease is still controversial. Acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa looks like bullous Darier's disease, and acrokeratosis of Hopf may present also red longitudinal streaks. Subungual warty dyskeratoma is rare, but other dermatoses such as lichen planus, psoriasis, mail melanoma and various tumours have to be ruled out. Finally nail involvement in amyloidosis may precede the other signs of this systemic disease. The purpose of this paper will be focused on red nails that can present principally with red lunulae, solitary longitudinal erythronychia and multiple longitudinal erythronychia. Other aspects of this feature will also be raised.
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PMID:The red nail--always benign? 2009 4

Longitudinal erythronychia is a linear red band on the nail plate that originates at the proximal nail fold, traverses the lunula, and extends to the free edge of the nail plate. Longitudinal erythronychia is classified based upon the number of nails affected and the number of red streaks present on each nail as follows: type Ia (monodactylous - single band), type Ib (monodactylous - bifid bands), type IIa (polydactylous - single band), and type IIb (polydactylous - multiple bands). Associated morphologic findings that can be present at the distal tip of the nail with longitudinal erythronychia include fragility, onycholysis, splinter hemorrhage, splitting, subungual keratosis, thinning, and V-shaped nick. Some patients with longitudinal erythronychia seek medical evaluation because of pain in the associated distal digit; however, the linear red nail plate dyschromia is often asymptomatic and the individual is concerned about the cosmetic appearance or distal nail fragility. Longitudinal erythronychia can be a clinical manifestation of an underlying local or systemic condition. Benign tumors (glomus tumor, onychopapilloma, and warty dyskeratoma), malignant neoplasms (malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma), and other conditions (hemiplegia and postsurgical scar) can be associated with monodactylous longitudinal erythronychia or it may be idiopathic or the initial stage of polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia-associated systemic conditions. Polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia is most commonly reported in patients with Darier disease (keratosis follicularis); other associated conditions include acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal nevus, acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa, acrokeratosis verruciformis of Hopf, amyloidosis, graft-versus-host disease, lichen planus, and pseudobulbar syndrome. Polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia has also been observed as an idiopathic finding. Biopsy of the nail matrix and nail bed may be necessary to establish the diagnosis of a longitudinal erythronychia-associated condition. Indeed, a biopsy should be seriously considered in patients aged more than 50 years who present with a monodactylous longitudinal red band to exclude squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment of longitudinal erythronychia depends on the etiology. For patients with longitudinal erythronychia-associated discomfort or severe nail splitting, a surgical excision may provide not only the underlying diagnosis of the nail dyschromia, but also relief of related symptoms.
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PMID:Longitudinal erythronychia: individual or multiple linear red bands of the nail plate: a review of clinical features and associated conditions. 2166 31

Background. Amyloidosis is extracellular precipitation of eosinophilic hyaline material of self-origin with special staining features and fibrillar ultrastructure. Macular amyloidosis is limited to the skin, and several factors have been proposed for its pathogenesis. Detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in this lesion suggests that this virus can play a role in pathogenesis of this disease. Objective. EBV DNA detection was done on 30 skin samples with a diagnosis of macular amyloidosis and 31 healthy skin samples in the margin of removed melanocytic nevi by using PCR. Results. In patients positive for beta-globin gene in PCR, BLLF1 gene of EBV virus was positive in 23 patients (8 patients in case and 15 patients in the control group). There was no significant difference in presence of EBV DNA between macular amyloidosis (3.8%) and control (23.8%) groups (P = 0.08). Conclusion. The findings of this study showed that EBV is not involved in pathogenesis of macular amyloidosis.
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PMID:Macular Amyloidosis and Epstein-Barr Virus. 2698 Nov 13

Laser treatment is a relatively new and increasingly popular modality for the treatment of many dermatologic conditions. A number of conditions that predominantly occur in women and that have a paucity of effective treatments include rosacea, connective tissue disease, melasma, nevus of Ota, lichen sclerosus (LS), notalgia paresthetica and macular amyloidosis, and syringomas. Laser therapy is an important option for the treatment of patients with these conditions. This article will review the body of literature that exists for the laser treatment of women with these medical conditions.
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PMID:Laser treatment of medical skin disease in women. 2883 22


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