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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The usefulness of the differential white blood cell count in distinguishing early-onset group B streptococcal disease from other causes of neonatal respiratory distress was studied in 45 infants with culture-proved infection. The initial diagnosis was hyaline membrane disease in 19 infants, wet lung syndrome 13, and other causes of respiratory distress in 13. Thirty-nine (87%) had abnormal absolute neutrophil counts, 25 with neutropenia and 14 with neutrophilia. The absolute immature neutrophil count was elevated in 19 infants (42%). Forty-one infants (91%) had an abnormal immature neutrophil to total neutrophil ratio. All infected infants were identified when both the absolute total neutrophil count and ratio were used. The differential white cell count appears to be a useful tool for screening infants presenting with respiratory distress in the first 48 hours of life and for separating early-onset group B streptococcal disease from other causes of neonatal respiratory distress.
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PMID:The differential leukocyte count in the assessment and outcome of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease. 33 72

Calves infected with Trypanosoma congolense TREU 112 had, at the onset of anemia, a very low total white cell count and neutropenia but with chronicity there was lymphocytosis. Infected calves had a marked reduction in granulocyte mobilization for the first 14 weeks of infection and there was reduced ability to mount an inflammatory response during the onset of anemia. Bone marrow aspiration biopsies showed marked erythroid hyperplasia in response to the anemia with a relative and likely absolute reduction in myeloid precursors and marrow granulocyte reserves.
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PMID:The pathogenesis of Trypanosoma congolense infection in calves. III. Neutropenia and myeloid response. 38 Jan 20

Stress or injury-induced phenomena, such as impaired wound healing and immune depression, may be related to impaired function of certain leukocyte populations. Since vitamin A prevents some aspects of stress, we studied its effect on various white cell populations in normal and injured rats. Supplemental vitamin A (150,000 IU/kg chow) to normal rats resulted in marked increases in thymic weight and lymphocytes without any effct on adrenal weight. The basal chow contains 13,700 IU vitamin A per kg. In rats subjected to moderately severe injury (dorsal wounding or unilateral femoral fracture), supplemental vitamin A greatly diminished the thymic involution observed in chow-fed controls and delayed or minimized the accompanying adrenal hypertrophy. In uninjured rats, supplemental vitamin A induced in three to four days a temporary circulatory leukocytosis characterized by lymhocytosis, monocytosis, and a relative neutropenia. These changes in the blood picture persisted one day after femoral fracture. On the second and third day postfracture the lymphocyte and neutrophil values returned to normal while the monocytosis persisted. Polyvinyl alcohol sponges implanted next to the fracture site demonstrated that supplemental vitamin A consistently increased the number of white blood cells migrating into the wound area and showed significantly larger numbers of monocytes/macrophages. These data suggest that vitamin A influences the numbers and nature of white cells involved in immune, inflammatory, and wound healing processes. In addition to the known antiglucocorticoid activity of vitamin A, these effects may represent a direct beneficial action of dietary vitamin A supplements for stressed and injured animals.
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PMID:White cell involvement in the inflammatory, wound healing, and immune actions of vitamin A. 57 9

Oxacillin-induced neutropenia is reported in a 16-year-old boy being treated for osteomyelitis. The startling neutropenia developed after 20 days of 200 mg/kg/day of intravenous oxacillin. The neutropenia was not associated with symptoms and was rapidly reversible upon stopping the antibiotic. This reaction may happen with any of the betal lactam antibiotics and is believed to be a direct toxic effect on white cell precursors in the bone marrow.
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PMID:Oxacillin induced neutropenia. A case report. 70 54

We report a case of a 55-year-old male with lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes. In the first year of follow-up reactive expansion of granular lymphocytes was observed during infectious episodes additionally to malignant proliferation. Histopathological studies revealed malignant lymphocytic infiltrations of the liver and gallbladder walls. The number of GL varied from 1.1 G/l to 17.8 G/l. Immunophenotyping studies showed surface phenotype CD3+, CD8+. There was markedly reduced NK cell function. The patient exhibited lack of severe parenchymal involvement, moderately increased white cell count (up to 21.0 G/l), severe neutropenia (0.06 G/l - 0.8 G/l) and recurrent infectious episodes.
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PMID:Unusual case of granular lymphocytes (GL) proliferation: simultaneous reactive and neoplastic proliferation. 128 83

Leucopenia with neutropenia and a relative lymphocytosis are believed to be common findings in patients with typhoid fever. This paper reviews 191 adult patients with typhoid. The total and differential leucocyte counts done on admission were analysed. In this study leucopenia was found in only 24.6% of patients. Whilst complications occurred at any white cell count, the prevalence of complications increased significantly to 70% in patients with a white cell count above 8 x 10(9)/l. Neutropenia was found in 25% of patients, and none of the patients had an absolute lymphocytosis, whereas 75.8% of patients had true lymphopenia.
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PMID:The white cell count in typhoid fever. 149 17

Total white cell counts were reviewed in paediatric in-patients with viral gastroenteritis, bacterial gastroenteritis, delayed recovery following acute gastroenteritis, viral lower respiratory tract infections and cow's milk protein intolerance. The prevalence of neutrophilia was not different in the five groups. Neutropenia was common in association with the presence of viruses in stool or sputum, and was significantly more common in these groups than in patients with bacterial gastroenteritis and cow's milk protein intolerance. Neutropenia has not been previously reported in viral gastroenteritis. It was transient in nature and not related to age, sex, weight or antibiotic treatment; no pancreatic disorders were noted.
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PMID:Neutrophil response to mucosal infection. 158 81

We reported here a case of pure white cell aplasia (PWCA). A 23-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in September 1989 because of agranulocytosis, fever, and anal pain. He had no history of toxic-drug exposure or blood transfusion. Laboratory studies were all within the normal range except white blood cell count of 2,300/microliters with no neutrophils and low serum IgA level (28 mg/dl). Bone marrow examination showed hypocellular with erythroid predominance and no granulocyte maturation beyond the myelocyte. Complement-dependent suppression of autologous and heterologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units by the patient's serum could be demonstrated. Though corticosteroid administration was ineffective, neutropenia improved by plasmapheresis. Furthermore, recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) could release him from persistent bacterial infection of anal fistula by transient improvement of neutropenia. These findings suggest a humoral autoimmune mechanism for the pathogenesis of PWCA and the effectiveness of rG-CSF for the patient with severe infections.
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PMID:[Pure white cell aplasia (PWCA) with an inhibitor against colony-forming unit of granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM)]. 170 3

A retrospective case record review was undertaken to determine the incidence of vancomycin-associated leucopenia in a cardiothoracic surgical unit. Forty-nine patients received 50 courses of vancomycin therapy. Nine patients (18%) developed reversible leucopenia (white cell count less than 4000 x 10(6)/l) or neutropenia (polymorphonuclear leucocyte count less than 1500 x 10(6)/l). Four patients (8%) had severe neutropenia (less than 1000 x 10(6)/l). The median total dosage associated with leucopenia and neutropenia was 30 g, range 22-56 g. The median duration of treatment in leucopenic and neutropenic patients was 22 days, range 6-28 days. The median recovery time to a normal white cell count was 4 days, range 1-11 days. Patients who developed leucopenia on vancomycin therapy did not differ from those who did not with respect to age, total vancomycin dose, length of therapy, underlying illness, incidence of cardiac surgery or use of concomitant medications. Vancomycin-associated leucopenia and neutropenia is common in patients with cardiothoracic infections, many of whom are on several other medications. White cell counts should be estimated regularly in such patients.
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PMID:High incidence of vancomycin-associated leucopenia and neutropenia in a cardiothoracic surgical unit. 207 3

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL), a well-recognized chronic lymphoproliferative disorder, is frequently characterized by pancytopenia, monocytopenia, splenomegaly and marrow fibrosis, which typically leads to an unsuccessful bone marrow aspiration (dry tap). Patients with a high white cell count without neutropenia and/or monocytopenia, with an aspirable and hypercellular marrow, splenomegaly and neoplastic cells with hairy cell features have been recently recognized and classified as HCL variants. We report here the clinical, hematological and immunological features of 7 such cases. All patients presented splenomegaly with a high leukocyte count; 2 were anemic and only 1 thrombocytopenic. Five patients were treated with alpha-Interferon (alpha-IFN) but 4 failed to achieve any significant response; two of these were subsequently splenectomized and successfully treated with Chlorambucil. Splenectomy, followed by Chlorambucil, was performed at diagnosis in the remaining 2 cases, both of which achieved a partial response and are alive and well. Six out of the 7 patients are still alive. The recognition of these peculiar patients is also important because they most often do not respond to alpha-IFN, while splenectomy, followed by Chlorambucil, may be a reasonable therapeutic option for them.
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PMID:Hairy cell leukemia variant: a morphologic, immunologic and clinical study of 7 cases. 233 88


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