Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Interleukin 11 (IL-11) is a multifunctional cytokine which may play a role in regulating the growth and development of cells in both the hematopoietic and lymphoid systems. IL-11 activity was originally detected in the conditioned medium of a primate bone marrow stromal cell line, and the human cDNA was cloned from a human fetal lung fibroblast cell line. The purified protein shows multifunctional activity, influencing lymphohematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation, megakaryocyte progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, erythroid progenitor cell proliferation, B lymphocyte maturation, activation of hepatocyte acute phase protein synthesis, and adipogenesis. At the molecular level, IL-11 is unique, containing no asparagine-linked glycosylation sites and no cysteine residues. The IL-11 receptor belongs to a family of cytokine receptors which includes the receptors for IL-6, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), which are all capable of interacting with the signal transducing receptor gp130 after ligand binding. IL-11 has demonstrated activity in preclinical models for the treatment of thrombocytopenia and, in some cases, neutropenia; studies are underway to confirm its usefulness in the clinic for treatment of myelosuppression associated with cancer chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.
 ...
PMID:The biology of interleukin 11. 840 Dec 58

The antineoplastic enzyme L-asparaginase is commonly used for the induction of remission in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). L-Asparagine is an essential amino acid for many lymphoid tumor cells and L-asparaginase catalyzes its conversion to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. The dosage of this highly toxic drug is individualized based on the body surface area of the patient, but monitoring of L-asparaginase activity during the L-asparaginase therapy is not commonly used. We measured L-asparaginase activity in the serum of ten children (aged 3-13 y) with ALL (ALL NOPHO-92 standard or intermediate risk groups) during their L-asparaginase therapy. L-asparaginase was given 30,000 IU/m2 IM during days 37-46 of the induction therapy and no other chemotherapeutic drug except for prednisone was given at the same time. We observed that this dosage schedule resulted in almost 6-fold differences in the serum activity of L-asparaginase between the patients. There was also a relationship between the area under the L-asparaginase activity-time curve (AUC) and even peak L-asparaginase activity in serum during the enzyme therapy and neutropenia after the therapy in the patients: the higher the AUC or peak value was, the more severe was the neutropenia in the patients after treatment. Monitoring L-asparaginase in serum could be useful in optimization of the therapy with this toxic drug.
 ...
PMID:Serious neutropenia in ALL patients treated with L-asparaginase may be avoided by therapeutic monitoring of the enzyme activity in the circulation. 1214 34