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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve patients affected by hemolymphoblastosis were treated with lithium carbonate in order to attenuate neutropenia induced by anticancer drugs. Controls were chosen among patients who had not received lithium treatment after cytostatic therapy. We estimated plasmatic and erythrocyte lithium levels and determined the Erythrocyte lithium rate (ER), i.e., erythrocyte lithium levels expressed as a percentage of plasmatic levels. A significant correlation was found between granulocyte increase at one week (GIW) and ER. No significant correlation was found between GIW and the other two estimation procedures. Therefore, ER seems to be a reliable index of the efficacy of the treatment, and could be used to monitor lithium administration.
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PMID:The role of lithium carbonate in the management of hemolymphoblastosis: estimation of plasmatic and erythrocyte lithium levels. 392 83

To investigate the mechanisms of cyclic neutropenia, we studied the capacity of a patient's T lymphocytes (TLp) to interact with monocyte-macrophages from her normal HLA-identical sibling (MOb) in the elaboration of colony-stimulating activity (CSA). TLp obtained at the time of decreasing neutrophil counts, increased CSA elaboration (p less than 0.056) when incubated at a 1:1 ratio with MOb. Increasing the TLp to MOb ratios to 3:1 or 5:1 progressively decreased CSA. Also, lithium carbonate, which ordinarily prevents concanavalin A activation of suppressor TL, failed to do so, suggesting that preactivated suppressor TL were present in the patient while neutrophil levels were falling. In similar experiments performed while neutrophil levels were rising these activated suppressor TL were absent. These data suggest that some patients with cyclic neutropenia may have a cyclic increase in suppressor TL activity. As predicted by our in vitro experiments, lithium carbonate administration did not abrogate the first neutropenic cycle, but it did mitigate subsequent cycles.
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PMID:Cyclic neutropenia and T lymphocyte suppression of granulopoiesis: abrogation of the neutropenic cycles by lithium carbonate. 621 75

To investigate whether lithium ameliorates the infectious complications that accompany systemic chemotherapy, we studied 45 patients with small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma receiving combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Twenty received lithium carbonate, and 25 received no additional therapy. Control subjects experienced more days with neutropenia than the lithium-treated group (2.17 days per 100 patient-days vs. 0.29), more severe febrile episodes (seven patients vs. one patient), more days hospitalized with fever and neutropenia (1.92 per 100 patient-days vs. 0.18), and more infection-related deaths (five vs. none). Infection-free survival was significantly longer in the lithium-treated group than in controls (P less than 0.05). Delay in subsequent chemotherapy was longer (P less than 0.01) and the number of dose reductions greater (P less than 0.01) in the control group. For both leukocytes and neutrophils, the first cycle nadir, mean of all treatment nadirs, and the lowest nadir observed during treatment were significantly higher in the lithium group. Mean mid-cycle monocyte counts were greater in the lithium group (P less than 0.05) and correlated with concurrent serum lithium levels (rs = 0.74, P less than 0.05). We believe that lithium carbonate shows promise as a means of lowering the risk of infection among patients receiving cytotoxic therapy.
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PMID:The use of lithium carbonate to reduce infection and leukopenia during systemic chemotherapy. 624 70

Cyclic hematopoiesis is a rare disease in man in which severe neutropenia recurs at 21-day intervals with associated illness. Because lithium carbonate therapy has been shown to eliminate cyclic hematopoiesis in grey collie dogs, we examined the effects of lithium treatment on five patients with this disease. With lithium levels maintained between 0.5 and 1.0 meq/liter, these patients showed no change in the fluctuations of their neutrophil counts. We conclude that lithium carbonate is not a simple cure for human cyclic hematopoiesis.
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PMID:Lithium is an ineffective therapy for human cyclic hematopoiesis. 640 82

A patient with previously documented cyclic neutropenia was followed for 48 days on no treatment. Blood counts obtained at 3-day intervals confirmed the presence of cyclic neutropenia with virtually complete disappearance of neutrophils at the nadir of cycles with a periodicity of 21 days. Lithium carbonate treatment was begun on day 49. Serum lithium levels remained in the therapeutic range throughout the study interval of 58 days. Periodicity and depth of neutropenia were not diminished during the study period.
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PMID:Lithium carbonate treatment in familial cyclic neutropenia. 641 81

Lithium carbonate ameliorates neutropenia associated with cancer chemotherapy. The effect of lithium on platelet suppression has not, however, been well established. In the present study, five patients with ovarian carcinoma received daily lithium during alternate cycles of treatment with hexamethylmelamine, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cis-platinum. Analysis of myelosuppression was performed on 24 paired consecutive cycles given at identical doses, one with and one without lithium. During lithium cycles, nadir leukocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts were significantly higher (P less than 0.01, less than 0.01, less than 0.05 respectively) and the interval between treatments was shorter (P less than 0.01). One patient who has received 11 cycles of chemotherapy continues to receive 100% doses owing to the beneficial effect of lithium on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. Lithium was poorly tolerated by some patients because of either tremor or nausea and vomiting, in spite of nontoxic serum lithium levels. The amelioration of drug-induced platelet suppression as well as neutrophil suppression noted in this study suggests that lithium's effect on hematopoiesis is not limited to stimulation of neutrophil production. The ability of lithium to decrease chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression suggests that lithium administration may facilitate escalation of chemotherapy doses in selected patients.
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PMID:The effect of lithium carbonate on chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. 642 95

Eight-five patients receiving cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin as induction therapy of acute myelogenous leukemia were randomly assigned to receive lithium carbonate 300 mg t.i.d. or no lithium. Treatment groups were similar with respect to age, gender, baseline granulocyte counts, and patients who were febrile at presentation. Granulocyte nadirs below 100/cu mm were observed in nearly all patients. The duration of neutropenia was not significantly shorter for patients receiving lithium (23.3 days) than for controls (24.1 days), p = 0.18. The incidence of fever and infection were similar in the two groups. The incidence of complete remission was significantly lower in patients receiving lithium, 75% vs, 49%, p = 0.012, although no physiologic explanation attributable to lithium could be established. Toxicity was minimal, although lithium was discontinued in 44% of patients over the age of 50. The administration of lithium does not have apparent clinical efficacy as an adjuvant to therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:Failure of lithium to limit neutropenia significantly during induction therapy of acute myelogenous leukemia. A Southeastern Cancer Study Group study. 643 63

A study was made of the effect of lithium carbonate on the blood leukocyte count, absolute neutrophil and monocyte counts in 32 patients with neutropenia caused by the use of a specific treatment for lymphogranulomatosis (LGM), malignant lymphomas and multiple myeloma (MM), and in 5 patients with hypoplastic anemia (HA). Administration of lithium carbonate led to a significant increase in the total leukocyte and neutrophil counts in patients with LGM, malignant lymphomas and MM but not in patients with HA. The rise of the neutrophil count detected before (after 3 days) suggests that lithium may exert a direct stimulant action on relatively mature myeloid cells (promyelocytes and even myelocytes) but not on the undifferentiated colony-forming cells. The exponential dependence was found between an increase in the neutrophil count and duration of lithium intake, which permits forecasting the expected rise in the counts of these cells.
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PMID:[Stimulating effect of lithium carbonate on neutropoiesis in iatrogenic neutropenia]. 643 1

The effects of lithium carbonate on leukocyte functions in a case of chronic benign neutropenia are presented. Lithium was able to induce leukocytosis and to bring about increases in chemotaxis, marrow granulocyte reserve test and phagocytosis. After lithium interruption, leukocyte functions returned to initial values. Some hypotheses are advanced to account for lithium action.
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PMID:Effects of lithium carbonate on leukocyte functions in chronic benign neutropenia. 644 26

A family history encompassing four generations is presented. Definite cyclic neutropenia has been noted in two generations. In one member, the symptoms abated as she grew older. One 12-year-old member died of clostridial septicemia secondary to gangrene of the terminal ileum. At autopsy he was found to have amyloidosis. A trial of lithium carbonate therapy was carried out in a 7-year-old male but a positive hematologic response was not obtained.
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PMID:Cyclic neutropenia. A tale of two brothers and their family. 679 55


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