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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects on neutrophil count and complement activity of five different haemodialysis membranes were studied. There was no correlation between the degree of neutropenia and intensity of complement activation. With cuprophan membrane both occurred simultaneously but to unrelated degrees; polyacronitrile induced mild, not significant neutropenia but marked activation of complement; polycarbonate membranes induced severe neutropenia without detectable complement activation. Where complement activation occurred it was via the alternative pathway. Haemodialysis induced neutropenia may have many causes and complement activation is probably not the major responsible factor.
Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc 1978
PMID:Haemodialysis-induced leucopenia and activation of complement: effects of different membranes. 74 Jun 61

Regenerated cellulose membranes are widely used in the treatment of renal failure. The presence of hydroxyl (OH) groups on the membrane surface plays an important role in initiating complement activation and also influences thrombogenicity. The OH groups may be masked or reduced by alteration of the manufacturing process of the membrane. We have undertaken a clinical study of four cellulose-based membranes (Cuprophan, Hemophan, cellulose acetate, and cellulose triacetate) in which the hydroxyl groups of the membrane have been replaced and the magnitude of replacement has varied from less than 1% to greater than 80%, to assess the role that these modifications play in functional performance, biocompatibility (neutropenia, leukocyte activation, anaphylatoxin generation, and hypoxaemia). Our findings indicate that there does not appear to be a straightforward correlation between the numbers of hydroxyl groups replaced and modification of biocompatibility, suggesting that not all hydroxyl groups behave in a similar way.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992
PMID:Cellulose-based haemodialysis membranes: biocompatibility and functional performance compared. 131 25

Haemodialysis neutropenia and impaired granulocyte function are transitory, but the consequences of altered granulocyte function are observed at the end of haemodialysis. Activity of polymorphonuclear receptor for Fc and C3 complement component, circulating immune complexes and components of complement (C1 inactivator, C4, C3, C3 proactivator) were measured in ten patients before and at the end of haemodialysis. Significant decrease in polymorphonuclear Fc receptor activity (1689 cells/mm3 before and 1277 cells/mm3 after HD) and increase of circulating immune complexes (69.9 micrograms/dl before and 112.7 micrograms/dl after HD) were observed at the end of haemodialysis. A decrease in complement C3 component was observed after haemodialysis (866 mg/l before and 804 mg/l after HD); the other components: C1 inactivator, C4 component, and C3 proactivator, remained unchanged. Increase of circulating immune complexes and decrease of Fc receptor activity correlated with a decrease in phagocytic function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1991
PMID:Phagocytic function of neutrophils during dialysis in relation to some immunological findings. 177 64

A prospective study was undertaken in 12 haemodialysed patients successively treated on five new as well as re-used dialyser membranes, that is cuprophane, cellulose acetate, polysulphone, polycarbonate, and polyacrylonitrile. A significant reduction of neutrophils occurred with every membrane during their first use, which improved only with cuprophane upon re-use. Thrombocytopenia was noted only when neutropenia reached very low values. Monocyte reduction occurred on cuprophane, cellulose acetate and polycarbonate, but did not improve during second use. C3d accumulation paralleled the time course of neutropenia only with cuprophane and cellulose acetate. Plasma collected at the extreme of neutropenia induced aggregation of control and predialysis cells, but did not aggregate autologous dialysed neutrophils collected at 5 min. Our data indicate that the mechanism linking complement activation to neutropenia is probably triggered by more than one factor.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1988
PMID:On the mechanisms of haemodialysis-induced neutropenia: a study with five new and re-used membranes. 314 19

A sheep model is described which produces acute pulmonary hypertension, leucopenia and hypoxia after blood, previously placed in contact with a Cuprophan hollow fibre artificial kidney, re-enters the circulation. Relationships between these manifestations (acute pulmonary hypertension, leucopenia and hypoxia) were examined in normal leucopenic and Indomethacin pre-treated sheep. The degree of pulmonary vascular response, and severity of leucopenia and hypoxia were all directly interrelated and were dependent upon the volume of blood injected. The induction of leucopenia did not affect the pulmonary hypertension or hypoxia. Pre-treating the animals with the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, Indomethacin, abolished both the pulmonary hypertension and the hypoxia without any effect on the development of neutropenia. These results suggest that leucocytes do not play a role in the haemodynamic response nor in the hypoxia; activation of the cyclo-oxygenase system is necessary for the development of acute pulmonary hypertension which causes hypoxia subsequent to alterations in ventilation perfusion relationships.
Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc Eur Ren Assoc 1985
PMID:Acute pulmonary hypertension, leucopenia and hypoxia in early haemodialysis. 399 92

111Indium oxine labelled autologous neutrophils were used to investigate neutropenia occurring during haemodialysis. Continuous surface counts demonstrated accumulation of labelled neutrophils in the lung, reaching a peak at 15 minutes after commencing dialysis, coincident with a fall in arterial blood and dialyser radioactivity, and a fall in arterial blood neutrophil count. Lung radioactivity returned to baseline after one hour implying reflux of labelled neutrophils into the circulation, whilst dialyser activity rose progressively and remained high even after washback of blood from the dialyser reflecting accumulation of neutrophils on the membrane.
Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc 1983
PMID:A demonstration of neutrophil accumulation in the pulmonary vasculature during haemodialysis. 665 55

Solute transport and alterations in complement and clotting induced by a new high-flux cellulose acetate membrane (CA-HF800-E, Diaphan) were compared with those for cellulose triacetate (CTA) and polysulphone in a cross-over clinical study. The membranes are similar in their small-molecule removal. Serum beta 2-microglobulin decreased with all membranes but the decrease was independent of membrane type. Associated with beta 2-microglobulin removal was a protein loss which averaged 2636 mg for Diaphan, 4937 mg for CTA, and 2500 mg for polysulphone. Albumin presence in the dialysate was less than the limit of detection (5 mg/l) but for each of the membranes, occasional readings above the limit of detection were noted. C3a generation for Diaphan is comparable with that for CTA and polysulphone, but differed for C5a and neutropenia. A highly significant correlation of the area under the concentration time curve of the two complement components was noted for the cellulose based membranes (r = 0.875, P = 0.0002 for Diaphan, r = 0.823, P = 0.006 for CTA) this relationship was less marked for polysulphone (r = 0.396, P = 0.29). Induction of clotting characterized by the thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complex were similar for the three membranes, as were changes in platelet counts. Our findings indicate that while it is possible to modify cellulose to produce a membrane whose solute transport and biocompatibility is similar to synthetic membranes such as polysulphone, the structural modifications induce considerable differences in the amount of protein lost.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994
PMID:Clinical comparison of high-flux cellulose acetate and synthetic membranes. 817 78