Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred and sixty-two patients (actual number 162) of hematological malignancies were admitted to our department from November 1977 to December 1986. Fourty-three of them (16.4%) were demonstrated to be accompanied with sepsis by blood culture. In acute non-lymphocytic leukemias (AML, APL, AMoL) the rate of sepsis was 33.8% (27 patients), while in lymphocytic malignancies (ML, HD, ATL) it was 11.7% (16 patients), particularly being 3.0% in ATL. Among the detected pathogenic microorganisms, gram-negative bacilli were 86.2% in the former and 50.0% in the latter. Especially, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli occupied 58.6% of the total in the former. Laboratory examination, when sepsis occurred, revealed peripheral neutropenia in acute non-lymphocytic leukemias (mean 831/cmm) but not in lymphocytic malignancy (mean 4,420/cmm). And 20 of the 27 cases showed remarkable neutropenia of below 500/cmm in the former. On the other hand in the latter, out of 16 only one with ATL was the case. Hypogammaglobulinemia was one of the characteristic features in lymphocytic malignancies but not in acute non-lymphocytic leukemias. Hypogammaglobulinemia in lymphocytic malignancies might be affected by long-term immunodepressant therapy. Immunologic skin reaction was demonstrated to be decreased in lymphocytic malignancies on admission. From the findings mentioned above, affecting factors to infections may be mainly neutropenia in acute non-lymphocytic leukemias and immunodeficiency in lymphocytic malignancies. And sepsis can occur frequently under neutropenic condition. In ATL both of humoral- and cellular-immunologic disturbance were detected before therapy. But peripheral neutrophil count was maintained to be normal and this could be the reason for the low septic incidence in ATL despite of total immunodepression.
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PMID:[Infections in hematological malignancies--clinical analysis of septic patients admitted to the Second Department of Miyazaki Medical College Hospital in the past ten years]. 240 13

Natural As4S4 and As2S3 are major components in realgar and orpiment, which also contain small amount of As2O3 and other toxic materials. Liu YF showed with us that NB4 cell line and its mice model were more sensitive to As4S4 than to As2O3 and As2S3. That was in agreement with the clinical data available from China. Wang FR and we proved in mice and in clinical pharmaceutical study that ground Seman platycladi as an excipient can appreciably increase the blood level of arsenic when taken P.O. together with As4S4. Our clinical study with 130 patients with t(15;17) APL showed both As4S4 and As2S3 alone were very effective in CR induction, including cytogenetic remission and PML-RAR reversion, yet the relapse rate was higher in the group treated by As4S4 alone than in the group treated together with other autileukemic agents, either together or in sequence. In the later group, LFS for 1 and 6 years was 96.7% and 87.4%, and the over-all survival for 1 and 6 years was 98.9% and 93.9%. High dose chemotherapy was proven to be not only unsafe but also unnecessary. In newly diagnosed APL patients with neutropenia, CR could be safely achieved by As4S4 P.O. and/with ATRA. Chemotherapy was then followed. In patients with leukocytosis, chemotherapeutic agents such as hydroxyurea or harringtonine was added at the beginning and then followed by anthracycline and asparaginase. The reasons of APL relapse after patients receiving As4S4 P.O. were: 1: emergence of a resistant cell clone showing additional chromosomal abnormalities other than t(15;17); 2: decrease of blood As level. The resistant APL case could respond favorably to combination of As4S4 P.O. together with ATRA. The blood level of As could be raised by modification of the preparation under investigation. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the last option in relapsed patients, became autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has a significantly better outcome. In a few hospitals ASCT was performed early in the CR1. In rare cares, patients were referred with intra-cranial hemorrhage. CT or EMR scan was done urgently at this instance. Cranial surgery carried out without a minute of delay resulted in the rescue and long survival of patient, while delay of surgery had resulted in irreversible damage of Pons/Medulla oblongata and ended in death. As2O3 IV had been used with success in mentally unclear patients not suffering from intra-cranial hemorrhage. Although no parallel clinical trial has been done to compare the efficacy of As2O3 and As4S4, yet the fact was it was easier for doctors and patients to carry out and receive maintenance treatment with oral As4S4 rather than with As2O3. According to the data and principles above, most of the t(15;17) APL patients can be cured.
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PMID:Current study of APL treatment in China. 1243 Aug 72

Fifty-seven patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) received the following treatment in our hospital between May 1992 and April 2005. Group A: combination of enocitabine, daunorubicin, 6-mercaptopurine riboside and prednisolone (BHAC-DMP) for remission induction, BHAC-DMP or idarubicin (IDR)+cytarabine (Ara-C) for first consolidation, combination of prednisolone, Ara-C, mitoxantrone and etoposide (PAME) for second consolidation, and PAME for late intensification; Group B: IDR+Ara-C for remission induction, PAME for first consolidation, and high-dose Ara-C+mitoxantrone for second consolidation; Group C (acute promyelocytic leukemia, APL) : all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for remission induction, BHAC-DMP or IDR+Ara-C for first consolidation, and PAME for second consolidation. The complete remission (CR) rate was 77% in Group A, 76% in Group B, and 71% in Group C. Five-year relapse-free survival rate of the CR patients was 35% in Group A, 49% in Group B, and 70% in Group C. All of the patients had severe neutropenia, but the number of infectious death was small. A short duration treatment with intensive consolidation therapy was effective for patients with AML and improved their quality of life (QOL).
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PMID:[A short duration treatment with intensive consolidation therapy for patients with acute myelogenous leukemia--13 year experience in a single institute]. 1803 12