Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rHuG-CSF) has been used for several years in clinical haematology and it is now routinely employed to prevent or treat chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. rHuG-CSF is also administered after autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), since it can significantly shorten the duration of neutropenia. However, probably its main use at the moment is to facilitate the collection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) from patients with lymphoma, myeloma and breast cancer. Within controlled trials, it is also used as an adjunct to immunosuppression for patients with aplastic anaemia. rHuG-CSF has a number of other potential uses such as increasing the numbers of progenitor cells for transplantation by in vivo and/or ex vivo amplification; treatment of non-neutropenic infections post transplant, and prophylaxis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infections. In the future, autologous stem cell transplants may be performed in the outpatient department thus expanding the use of PBSC transplantation to disease areas not previously considered suitable for such myelosuppressive treatment.
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PMID:The clinical benefits of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor in the treatment of cancer patients. 753 69

Recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rHuG-CSF) has an accepted use in reducing the severe neutropenia and associated complications in patients who undergo chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation (BMT). It is valuable in mobilising peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) for stem cell rescue after myeloablative chemotherapy as an alternative to BMT. rHuG-CSF also allows chemotherapy dose/schedule optimisation and intensification, although a clear survival advantage has yet to be demonstrated. Recommendations for the focus and methodology of future studies with rHuG-CSF have been made, incorporating the endpoints of survival, quality of life and cost/benefit. Future studies need to address the questions of optimal dosing level and duration, cytokine combinations, the factors influencing patient survival, and the most cost-effective use of therapy. rHuG-CSF has potential for extended use in cancer therapy and in a variety of non-malignant indications.
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PMID:Future strategy for cancer treatment using recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor. 753 72

Eighty-eight consecutive patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from July 1985 to June 1993 were retrospectively studied for their bone marrow engraftment characteristics with and without granulocyte colony stimulating factor (R-metHUG-CSF, Filgrastim). Seventy-seven patients (87.5%) achieved engraftment, 55 out of 65 patients (84.6%) without R-metHUG-CSF and 22 out of 23 patients (95.7%) with R-metHUG-CSF (P > 0.1). The mean duration of administration of R-metHUG-CSF was 15.1 days. The mean time to engraftment was significantly reduced by 7.1 days, from 20.5 days to 13.4 days (P < 0.0001). The mean duration of hospitalisation was also significantly reduced by 11.1 days, from 52.6 days to 41.5 days (P < 0.0001). There were no side effects directly attributable to R-metHUG-CSF encountered. We conclude that R-metHUG-CSF is very effective in shortening the duration of neutropenia in the immediate post-BMT period with lesser BMT morbidity, earlier discharge from hospital and lower cost of BMT. We recommend a routine 2-week course beginning on the day after marrow infusion.
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PMID:Granulocyte colony stimulating factor significantly influences neutrophil recovery and duration of hospitalisation in bone marrow transplantation. 753 49

We report the effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on neutropenia occurring during extended field radiotherapy in two groups of patients. The first group comprised 8 patients receiving craniospinal irradiation for a variety of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms. None of these patients received cytotoxic chemotherapy. G-CSF was administered when the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) approached 1.5 x 10(9)/l. Neutropenia was promptly corrected in all cases, thereby avoiding unscheduled interruptions in radiotherapy. Following each G-CSF administration, ANC reached a peak on the following day and then declined steadily. Mean ANC rose from 1.33 x 10(9)/l on the day of G-CSF treatment to 7.07 x 10(9)/l the next day. Patients received 2-6 G-CSF injections during radiotherapy. Experiments were carried out in vitro to assess the risk of G-CSF causing increased CNS tumour cell proliferation. 11 human CNS tumour cultures (2 medulloblastomas, 2 primitive neuroectodermal tumours and 7 astrocytic tumours) were cultured in the presence of G-CSF at a range of concentrations up to 100 ng/ml. Their proliferation was compared with that of a G-CSF dependent murine leukemia cell line (NFS-60). None of the human tumour cultures demonstrated a significant increase in proliferation in response to G-CSF. 4 patients undergoing "mantle" type radiotherapy for Hodgkin's Disease or Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma also received G-CSF treatment for neutropenia. All 4 had previously received cytotoxic chemotherapy. The number of G-CSF injections given per patient during radiotherapy ranged from 3-6. Mean ANC rose from 1.76 x 10(9)/l to 10.8 x 10(9)/l the next day. These results suggest that G-CSF is a reliable treatment for radiotherapy induced neutropenia and that an intermittent dosage schedule is effective.
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PMID:Value of granulocyte colony stimulating factor in radiotherapy induced neutropenia: clinical and laboratory studies. 754 Apr 1

A 58-year-old white male with Felty's syndrome was successfully treated with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF). GCSF can correct the granulocytopenia of Felty's syndrome and may be a beneficial therapeutic adjunct in patients who have serious infections associated with neutropenia. The patient developed a flare of arthritis concomitant with increased circulating neutrophils following GCSF therapy.
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PMID:Flare of arthritis with successful treatment of Felty's syndrome with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF). 754 May 28

Recombinant myeloid growth factors have been increasingly used in recent years to combat induced and disease associated neutropenia. Their application in the management of Felty's syndrome with intercurrent infection has raised concern that resultant neutrophilia and activation of a diverse array of polymorphonuclear cell functions may have an adverse effect on the rheumatoid disease process. We describe a patient with Felty's syndrome receiving short term treatment with recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), who then developed acute renal failure in conjunction with leukocytoclastic vasculitis and presumptive gout. We address the issue of "adding fuel to the fire" and review reported implications of GCSF in induction of vasculitis.
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PMID:Vasculitis complicating granulocyte colony stimulating factor treatment of leukopenia and infection in Felty's syndrome. 754 56

Docetaxel, a promising inhibitor of microtubule depolymerization has shown significant anti-cancer activity during phase I and early phase II trials. The recommended dosage for phase II trials is 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks which provides optimal activity with tolerable adverse effects. Docetaxel has shown high single agent activity including use as first- or second-line therapy and in anthracycline refractory breast cancer patients. Results have been comparable to that of established treatments for breast cancer. In addition, docetaxel has shown significant activity in non-small cell lung cancer and a range of other tumors, but no activity in renal or colo-rectal tumors. At present it is undergoing further evaluation in combination therapy. The safety profile of docetaxel is well defined. Major adverse effects include hypersensitivity reactions, fluid retention and neutropenia. Peripheral neuropathy is not a significant adverse effect. The aims of phase II trials with regard to counteracting side-effects are therefore 2-fold: firstly, to evaluate the use of premedication with corticosteroids and antihistamines as a means of counteracting hypersensitivity reactions and fluid retention; secondly, to determine whether granulocyte colony stimulating factor may be useful for attenuating neutropenia.
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PMID:Docetaxel (Taxotere), a review of preclinical and clinical experience. Part II: Clinical experience. 767 Jan 33

We studied the long-term in vivo effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on in vitro growth of granulocyte/macrophage colony forming cells (GM-CFC) in bone marrow and peripheral blood obtained from two patients with autoimmune neutropenia, who received rhG-CSF. Along with rhG-CSF treatment for more than 40 d, numbers of GM-CFC-derived colonies from both bone marrow and peripheral blood gradually decreased to a significant level though white blood cells in peripheral blood and nucleated cells in bone marrow were increased in number. This observation suggests that long-term administration of rhG-CSF may preferentially activate a differentiation pathway for granulopoiesis while proliferation of GM-CFC is not induced as expected in response to rhG-CSF.
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PMID:Decreased levels of myeloid progenitor cells associated with long-term administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with autoimmune neutropenia. 768 84

The effect of KW-2228, a derivative of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, on neutropenia in children was studied in 23 cases of aplastic anemia, 13 cases of chronic benign neutropenia, 6 cases of congenital neutropenia (Kostmann type), 2 cases of cyclic neutropenia, 2 cases associated with glycogenosis type Ib and 1 cases associated with immune deficiency. KW-2228 was administered at 1-8 micrograms/kg subcutaneously and at 2-16 micrograms/kg intravenously. As a principle, the administration was started at low doses and continued for 7-28 days increasing the doses in the cases who didn't respond to the treatment well. The response rate of all the cases by the physicians in charge was 81. 8% (36/44). The mean absolute neutrophil count was increased from 304 to 1,300/microliters in aplastic anemia, from 204 to 3,027/microliters in chronic benign type, from 125 to 2,193/microliters in Kostmann type, and from 360 to 2,007 microliters in others. KW-2228 did not induce any noteworthy serious side effects. These results indicated that KW-2228 is a useful drug to treat neutropenia in children.
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PMID:[Clinical study of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (KW-2228) in pediatric field. 1. Effectiveness on neutropenia by various causes and safety]. 768 91

The effect of KW-2228, a derivative of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, on neutropenia associated with chemotherapy was studied in pediatric patients with malignant tumor. To patients repeatedly treated with the same chemotherapy, KW-2228 was administered subcutaneously at 1 microgram/kg or intravenously at 2 micrograms/kg once a day in the 2nd course of the chemotherapy. During the administration term of KW-2228, the nadir of neutrophils went up, and the duration of neutrophil count under 500/microliters as well as the interval for recovery of the count to 500/microliters were remarkably shortened, compared with those during the observation term. Further, the duration of fever in patients and the administration days of antibacterial agent were also reduced. The effective rate judged by attending doctors was as high as 78.9%, consisting of 83.3% in 42 cases of subcutaneous administration and 73.5% in 34 cases of intravenous administration. Side effects such as slight skeletal pain and slight fever in one case each (2.3% in total) were improved without treatment. It is concluded that KW-2228 may be a useful drug for treatment of neutropenia associated with chemotherapy in pediatric patients with malignant tumor.
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PMID:[Clinical study of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (KW-2228) in pediatric field. 2. Effectiveness on neutropenia associated with administration of anticancer agent and safety]. 768 92


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