Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report was presented at the June 1983 meeting of the Blood Transfusion National Consultative Commission at the French Ministry of Health. Clinical and epidemiological data on AIDS as well as problems raised by the lack of specific tests for screening of blood donors were briefly summarized. Out of 49 AIDS patients recorded in France up to April 1983, only one had a history of previous blood transfusion given in Haiti, 4 years before the clinical onset of the disease. Blood donors, all Haitians, had no sign and symptom of AIDS. Retrospective review of 2 300 hemophiliacs followed up in France until April 1983 disclosed no AIDS. However, in 6 patients, the following features, more or less associated, were found to be present: thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, micropolyadenopathy, splenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia and low OKT4/OKT8 ratio. No clear correlation could be found between these abnormalities and the origin, commercial or national, of the coagulation factor concentrates used for the treatment. Three main recommendations were proposed: -- information of blood donors and experimental evaluation of some non specific screening tests, in the at risk donor population. -- more cautious use of coagulation factor concentrates -- reduction of importations aiming at complete national self sufficiency concerning factor VIII concentrates.
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PMID:[Blood transfusion and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)]. 642 Aug 68

Hematologic abnormalities were studied prospectively in 38 patients with brucellosis. Anemia was found in 74% of patients, leukopenia in 45%, neutropenia in 21%, lymphopenia in 63%, and thrombocytopenia in 39.5%. Eight patients (21%) were pancytopenic; seven of these individuals also had splenomegaly. Bone marrow hypoplasia was not found. Bleeding complications developed in 26% of patients and were significantly associated with clotting abnormalities (low platelet count, low fibrinogen level, and/or prolongation of thrombin clotting time); i.e., bleeding occurred in approximately 50% of patients with marked clotting abnormalities but in no patients with normal clotting. Determination of fibrinogen levels at different stages of brucellosis led to a redefinition of the normal level for patients with this infection. Patients without clotting abnormalities had fibrinogen levels of 233-711 mg/100 ml (mean, 384 mg/100 ml), whereas patients with thrombocytopenia and prolonged thrombin clotting time had levels of 122-360 mg/100 ml (mean, 216 mg/100 ml; P less than .001) that increased to 233-519 mg/100 (mean, 360 mg/100 ml) when clotting values returned to normal. Lymphopenia was significantly correlated with the severity of clinical manifestations (bleeding and hepatic involvement).
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PMID:Hematologic changes in brucellosis. 648 Nov 87

The correlation among schistosomal infection, splenomegaly, and modifications of circulating blood leukocytes was studied. Peripheral neutropenia was found to occur concomitantly with incomplete splenic myelopoiesis of the neutrophil line. Sera from patients with schistosomiasis modified the proliferation of murine bone-marrow cells in soft-agar cultures. A total inhibition of neutrophil differentiation was compensated for by a proportional increase in macrophage differentiation. The neutrophil-inhibitory activity of sera of patients with schistosomiasis may be responsible for the delayed in vivo maturation of neutrophils in the bone marrow and spleen of these patients.
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PMID:Chronic schistosomiasis mansoni: splenic myelopoiesis and inhibition of neutrophil granulocytopoiesis mediated by the sera of patients. 660 60

Between 1956 and 1981, 306 splenectomies for hematologic diseases were performed at the UCLA Medical Center. Of these operations, more than 75% were performed for therapeutic reasons to control anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, or painful symptoms of splenomegaly. Of the 65 patients who had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, 77% showed an excellent response, and of the 39 patients who had hereditary spherocytosis, 90% responded. Other diseases with predictably good response rates were autoimmune hemolytic anemias, Felty's syndrome, and hairy cell leukemia. Forty patients with Hodgkin's disease had splenectomies for diagnostic purposes the last 10 years. The overall morbidity and mortality were 24% and 6%, respectively, the most common complications being pneumonia, wound infections, and local postoperative bleeding, and the most common cause of death being sepsis. The review supports the thesis that in carefully selected patients, therapeutic splenectomy can have desirable palliative effects and that diagnostic splenectomy has a sufficiently low risk to warrant its consideration in patients with Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Splenectomy for hematologic disease. The UCLA experience with 306 patients. 673 25

The authors reviewed the clinical course of 31 consecutive patients with hairy cell leukemia seen at the University of California Los Angeles. The clinical presentation included varying degrees of pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and bone marrow infiltration with hairy cells. Ten patients were identified as having an "atypical" disease, which is defined as absence of palpable splenomegaly and/or marrow cellularity of less than 45%. These atypical patients had clinically milder disease and significantly less anemia than the usual patient (mean hemoglobin, 12.1 g/dl versus 9.4 g/dl; P = 0.016), although neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were comparable. Mortality and infection rates were similar in both groups. Infections were common in all patients, but opportunistic infections and septicemia were rare in patients prior to initiation of therapy. Two thirds of the patients who received corticosteroids and/or cytotoxic agents had serious infections, with a 50% mortality rate. Nearly 70% of the neutropenic patients (leukocyte count less than 1000) who received any form of treatment had a serious infection. The most important factors predicting mortality were chemotherapy and an age older than 50 years. Patients who survived 2 years with their disease had an excellent prognosis, and four patients in this series are alive and well with their disease for more than 10 years.
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PMID:Hairy cell leukemia. Disease pattern and prognosis. 673 79

From 1972 to 1981 10 patients with hairy cell leukaemia were observed in the Medical University Clinic Cologne, this represents 1.8% of all leukaemias. Typical clinical signs are splenomegaly, no or only slightly enlarged lymph nodes and a moderate hepatomegaly. Almost in all cases an anaemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia with lymphocytosis was found, mostly combined as pancytopenia. The pathognomonic tartrate resistant acid phosphatase was found in the hairy cells to a differing amount besides a fibrosis and a lymphatic infiltration of the bone marrow. A normalization of the anaemia, the thrombocytopenia and the neutropenia was reached by splenectomy, but the increased susceptibility to infections could not be affected significantly.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects of hairy cell leukemia and its modification by splenectomy]. 676 22

A population of patients with agranulocytosis admitted to a general hospital over a period of 12 yr was studied retrospectively in order to determine the causes of the disease. Of the 48 cases identified, 31 (65%) had drug-induced neutropenia, whereas 17 (35%) had chronic neutropenia unrelated to the use of drugs. Eight patients had an underlying hematological malignancy. Patients with agranulocytosis not induced by drugs more frequently had hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, enlarged lymph glands, or thrombocytopenia together with severe anemia. In contrast, drug-induced agranulocytosis was more severe, with a higher incidence of positive blood cultures, low cellularity of initial bone marrow aspirates, and a shorter duration of neutropenia. Dipyrone and methimazole were the drugs most commonly associated with agranulocytosis. Dipyrone was probably the causative agent in two of the seven drug-induced fatalities. In view of these findings, and those of several previous reports, it is proposed that the use of dipyrone in Israel be severely restricted or discontinued altogether.
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PMID:Causes of agranulocytosis in a hospital population: identification of dipyrone as an important causative agent. 685 18

Twelve adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) received lithium carbonate, 300 mg, three times a day during induction treatment. They were compared to 12 similar patients consecutively treated with the same induction regimen; patients and controls were comparable for age, degree and presence of splenomegaly, hemoglobin level, blast cell count, polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count and platelet count at diagnosis. All patients developed a severe neutropenia. PMN count at nadir was slightly higher in the lithium group, but not at a level of statistical significance (p = 0.100). The median number of days with PMN less than 1 x 10(9)/liter was 4 in the lithium group and 14.5 in the non-lithium group (p = 0.014), while the median number of days with PMN less than 0.5 x 10(9)/liter was 0 and 2 days, respectively (p = 0.004). Duration of thrombocytopenia was similar in the 2 groups and so was the remission rate; 2 infective episodes occurred, one in the lithium group and one in the controls.
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PMID:Lithium and granulocytopenia during induction treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 696 May 90

The effect of ES upon hematopoiesis was studied following 4 to 24 weeks of administration in adult female mice. ES produced osteosclerosis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly with an increase in splenic erythropoiesis mild anemai, and a relatively stable, moderately severe neutropenia. Intact and splenectomized mice failed to develop hepatic hematopoiesis to compensate for these blood changes. The neutropenia was characterized by a proportionally normal-sized marginal granulocyte pool and a reduced marrow granulocyte reserve in the marrow, cellularity, peroxidase-positive cells. CFU-S, and CFU-GM declined during 4 to 12 weeks of study in the same study period, splenic granulocytopoiesis increased as measured by these perameters, but it only partially compensated for the neutropenia. CSA was present in serum, and no inhibitors of in vitro granulocytopoiesis were detected. The direct addition of E3S to normal murine marrow cells in vitro failed to inhibit CFU=GM proliferation. Daily ES administration failed to inhibit in vivo granulocytopoiesis in diffusion chambers. These studies suggest that ES-induced neutropenia is not due to direct inhibition of CFU-S or CFU-GM proliferation or differentiation to mature granulocytes and by implication, suggest that it may be mediated through effects on the hematopoietic microenvironment.
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PMID:Estrogens and hematopoiesis: characterization and studies on the mechanism of neutropenia. 696 70

Two patients suffering form proliferation of T gamma cells exhibited uncommon clinical features, such as activation of intravascular coagulation after low dose irradiation of the enlarged spleen in one patient and isolated neutropenia in the other patients. While the malignant nature of the disease was doubtless in one patient, cell proliferation in the other patient was more likely reactive. In addition to T cell determinants the proliferating cells expressed a monocytic antigen. They did not suppress B-lymphocyte differentiation into plasma cells. In contrast the proliferating cell, especially in one patient, acted as potent effectors in NK and ADCC using melanoma and MOLT 4 target cells. Erythrophagocytosis by T gamma cells was seen in one patient. The data suggest that subsets of T gamma cells are related to the monocytic lineage and that these cells cen mediate both NKA and ADCC and partly can develop phagocytic activity.
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PMID:Proliferation of T gamma-lymphocytes in two patients: clinical features and functional properties of the proliferating cells. 697 67


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