Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF; 100 ng i.v.) transiently modified the number of circulating neutrophils in the mouse, inducing a fast neutropenia (2 min) followed by a late onset neutrophilia (2 h). The potential involvement in PAF-induced neutrophilia of granulocytotic agents such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha could be excluded on the basis of the ineffectiveness of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and of a specific monoclonal antibody anti-murine tumor necrosis factor-alpha. PAF granulocytosis was preceded by a significant rise in plasma corticosterone at 20 min. The involvement of endogenous corticosteroids was confirmed by the experiments with adrenalectomized mice and in animals pretreated with the steroid antagonist RU486 (11 beta-(4-dimethyl amino-phenyl) 17 beta-hydroxy, 17 alpha(prop-1-ynyl) estra 4,9-dien-3-one), where PAF-induced neutrophilia was greatly reduced (approximately 50%). Moreover, sustained increase in plasma corticosterone by administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone was paralleled by an intense neutrophilia. We show evidence that endogenous corticosterone acts through the glucocorticoid-inducible protein lipocortin 1.
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PMID:Endogenous corticosteroids mediate the neutrophilia caused by platelet-activating factor in the mouse. 749 25

Serum concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were studied in 31 patients with haematological malignancies during febrile neutropenia. Samples were obtained when blood cultures were performed (time 0) and, when possible, after 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h. Increased levels of all cytokines were detected after start of fever with peak values in gram-negative (Gr-) bacteraemias after 2 h (TNF-alpha, IL-1ra and IFN-gamma), 4 h (IL-6) and 6 h (IL-10), respectively. At time 0 the median TNF-alpha value was higher in the Gr- group (80 pg/ml; range 54-516 pg/ml) as compared to both gram-positive bacteraemias (Gr+, 14 pg/ml; range 7-60 pg/ml; P < 0.05) and blood culture negative episodes (BCN, 8 pg/ml; range 0-87 pg/ml; P < 0.05). Furthermore, the peak values of TNF-alpha, IL-1ra, IL-6 and IL-10 during the 24 h study period were significantly and/or numerically higher in the Gr- group in comparison to the Gr+ and BCN groups, respectively. It may be concluded that neutropenic patients have increased levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines at start of fever, with the highest values recorded during the first hours in Gr- bacteraemias. Prospective studies will show whether monitoring of serum cytokines may be used as an early diagnostic tool before results of blood cultures are available, which may have important therapeutic implications.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum cytokine patterns during start of fever in patients with neutropenia. 890 7