Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lithium utility and toxicity are reviewed. Lithium continues to be the most useful agent available for the prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar illness. Lithium augmentation of antidepressants is useful in treatment-resistant unipolar depression. Utility in other psychiatric disorders, such as schizoaffective, alcoholism, or aggressive behavior, is documented only when a significant affective component coexists. In internal medicine, lithium has proven useful in the prophylaxis of cluster headaches and in ameliorating chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Other miscellaneous uses in both psychiatry and medicine have been anecdotally reported and are reviewed. However, the use of lithium may be limited by acute and chronic toxic side effects. Acute toxicity almost always manifests as central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, and the degree of toxicity usually parallels the extent of CNS dysfunction. Chronic toxic manifestations effect cardiac, renal, and endocrine systems. In fetu exposure may be teratogenic.
Conn Med 1990 Mar
PMID:Lithium. 218 84

Drug-induced agranulocytosis in the outpatient setting is a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect of many classes of medications. Five patients with this disorder presented to Yale-New Haven (Conn) Hospital during 1990 through 1992. Three patients treated with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and two patients treated with routine care were studied for relevant clinical outcomes. Treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor was associated with a shorter duration of neutropenia and a decreased length of hospital stay, consistent with recent case reports. Despite the high cost of the drug, treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor was found to be cost-effective for patients with uncomplicated drug-induced agranulocytosis.
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PMID:Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor therapy in drug-induced agranulocytosis. 769 32

Levamisole is used as an agent to increase the total weight of street cocaine. We report the case of a 28-year-old female who presented with multiple painful, ulcerating lesions. She tested positive for cocaine and levamisole. Her skin lesions improved with abstinence from cocaine. Patients with levamisole-induced toxicity most often present with skin manifestations or joint pain. Leukopenia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis are common lab abnormalities seen in these patients. Complete resolution of the skin lesions are observed approximatelythree weeks after abstinence. Patients known to use street drugs, who present with unexplained skin rash, neutropenia, and multiple immunological abnormalities, should be tested for both cocaine and levamisole. Urine toxicology screen is positive for cocaine approximately 72 hours after ingestion. Levamisole requires specialized testing that is not readily available commercially andis positive forless than 48 hours after exposure.
Conn Med 2017 Feb
PMID:Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine-Induced Skin Lesions: A Case Report and Literature Review. 2973 53