Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neutropenic enterocolitis is a necrotising colitis, which most often develops in the setting of severe neutropenia. The symptoms are non-specific and among the differential diagnoses are appendicitis, ischaemic colitis and pseudomembranous enterocolitis. In practice neutropenic enterocolitis is seen in oncological, especially haematological, patients during chemotherapy induced neutropenia. The condition has a potentially lethal course and both medical and surgical treatment is possible; clinically controlled investigations on methods of treatment have not been available. Two cases are reported.
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PMID:[Neutropenic enterocolitis]. 832 93

The capacity of filgrastim to reduce the myelotoxicity of a 16-week intensive chemotherapy regimen has been investigated in 24 operable breast cancer patients with > or = 10 metastatic axillary nodes. Five patients were treated with chemotherapy alone (control group); 19 patients were treated with chemotherapy and filgrastim, 5 microg/kg/day s.c. Six patients in the latter group were treated from day 4 to day 7 (level 1), seven from day 10 to day 13 (level 2), and six from day 4 to day 7 and day 10 to day 13 (level 3). A total of 135 courses were administered: neutropenia was the most severe toxicity, and the prophylactic use of filgrastim does not reduce its severity. Moreover, the dose intensities of antiblastic drugs actually received by the patients were not significantly different in the four study groups. Among the patients treated at level 3, there were three toxic deaths: one patient died because of febrile neutropenia and sepsis, two patients because of ischemic colitis. At a median follow-up of 15 months, 17 patients were alive, and 15 patients were disease free. The use of filgrastim does not ameliorate myelotoxicity and does not allow the administration of the planned doses of antiblastic drugs of a 16-week intensive chemotherapy regimen.
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PMID:Filgrastim and lack of support of intensive adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk breast cancer patients. 912 94

Malignant neoplasms of the salivary gland are uncommon entities in which surgical resection of the primary lesion has been accepted as a standard therapeutic option. The efficacy of radiation and systemic chemotherapy has been limited for patients with recurrent, metastatic, or unresectable disease because of unfavorable response rates and the short duration of the response. We treated one patient with recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma arising from the sublingual gland and one patient with primary adenocarcinoma arising from the parotid gland with transfemoral intraarterial chemotherapy, based on full-dose cisplatin and docetaxel and concurrent external-beam radiotherapy. The doses of cisplatin and docetaxel in the two patients were 80-100 mg/m2 and 10-15 mg/m2, respectively. Docetaxel was infused first, followed by cisplatin. Both patients obtained complete responses. Although complications such as mucositis, anorexia, neutropenia, and ischemic colitis were observed, they were well tolerated and manageable. The concomitant chemoradiotherapy of cisplatin and docetaxel seemed to be a practicable option for patients with recurrent and unresectable salivary gland carcinomas.
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PMID:Salivary gland carcinoma treated with concomitant chemoradiation with intraarterial cisplatin and docetaxel. 1705 39

The occurrence of acute ischemic colitis may be associated with the intake of various drugs. However, colitis during antineoplastic chemotherapy usually is due to toxic effects or neutropenia and not caused by ischemia. We describe a 51-year-old man with jejunal B-cell lymphoma who developed recurrent episodes of ischemic colitis following chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicine and prednisolone plus rituximab (R-CHOP). After switching chemotherapy to bendamustin plus rituximab no further episodes of colonic ischemia occurred during the following cycles of chemotherapy. In conclusion, chemotherapy of lymphoma using a standard protocol with CHOP and rituximab may cause ischemic colitis.
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PMID:Chemotherapy-Induced Ischemic Colitis in a Patient with Jejunal Lymphoma. 2110 6