Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neutropenic typhlitis is a frequently fatal disease most commonly reported in leukemics. The authors have treated eight such patients over the last 18 months. All patients had abdominal pain and sepsis during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. CT scanning was diagnostic in six patients thought to have typhlitis. Two patients were not diagnosed before exploratory laparotomy. The authors have found nonoperative treatment highly effective in patients who do not manifest signs of peritonitis, perforation, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, or clinical deterioration. Recurrent typhlitis was frequent after conservative therapy (recurrence rate, 67 percent), however. One patient underwent an elective right hemicolectomy after a second episode, and typhlitis did not recur despite neutropenia associated with a subsequent course of chemotherapy. It is concluded that successful treatment of this disease hinges on: 1) early diagnosis provided by a high index of suspicion and the use of CT scanning, 2) nonoperative treatment for uncomplicated cases, and 3) elective right hemicolectomy to prevent recurrence.
Dis Colon Rectum 1989 Mar
PMID:Recurrent typhlitis. A disease resulting from aggressive chemotherapy. 292 Jun 27

Neutropenic enterocolitis, also known as typhlitis or ileocecal syndrome, is a recognized complication of the treatment of hematologic malignancies and usually is fatal. The pathologic findings consist of bowel-wall ulcerations and necrosis with bacterial or fungal invasion. These findings are usually limited to the ileum, cecum, ascending colon, and appendix. The syndrome occurs in a select patient population who generally have 1) a hematologic malignancy, 2) neutropenia, 3) thrombocytopenia, 4) a recent course of chemotherapy, and 5) a recent course of antibiotics. This syndrome also can arise spontaneously in patients with aplastic anemia or cyclic neutropenia. The clinical presentation consists of a high fever and right-sided abdominal pain with evidence of peritoneal irritation. Recommended therapy is right hemicolectomy.
Dis Colon Rectum 1986 Mar
PMID:Management of the ileocecal syndrome. Neutropenic enterocolitis. 394 36

It has been demonstrated that the neonatal suckling rat is more susceptible to endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]-induced colonic damage compared with weaned littermates. There is evidence to suggest that differences in the production of certain cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, and IL-10, are associated with intestinal inflammation in children. We have examined the production, localization, and mRNA detection of these cytokines in suckling and weaned rat colons after bacterial LPS challenge. Suckling (10 day old) and weaned (25 day old) rats were injected with LPS (3 mg/kg ip). Colon samples were taken up to 4 h after treatment, and cytokines were measured by ELISA. LPS-induced cytokine levels were significantly different in suckling rats compared with weaned rats. Cytokine localization to the colonic mucosa was evident in suckling rats up to 4 h after LPS administration but was not consistently seen in weaned rats. The mRNA for cytokines examined were detected by RT-PCR in suckling but not in weaned rat colons after LPS treatment. Induction of neutropenia via anti-neutrophil serum (ANS) administration did not affect cytokine mRNA detection in neonates after LPS treatment. Weaned animals displayed positive detection of all cytokines examined after ANS. Therefore, we have shown that the suckling rat displays a different production and expression of colonic IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 compared with weaned littermates after LPS challenge. Furthermore, neutrophils may be implicated in colonic cytokine expression after LPS challenge in rats.
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PMID:Colonic production and expression of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 in neonatal suckling rats after LPS challenge. 1125 3