Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute episodes of erythroblastopenia in children with chronic hemolytic anemias have been recognized for a considerable length of time. In 1981, a small virus with a single strand of DNA, parvovirus B 19, was identified as the causative agent in most such episodes. Other diseases have been ascribed to parvovirus B 19, including erythema infectiosum or fifth disease, polyarthralgia, fetal death. Schonlein-Henoch disease, and bone marrow aplasia. In acute attacks of erythroblastopenia, anemia is the most prominent manifestation, but coexistence of neutropenia and thrombopenia has been reported. Hematologic disorders last for approximately ten days. The diagnosis of recent parvovirus B 19 infection rests on detection of specific IgM antibodies, or direct visualisation of the virus by electron microscopy. More recently, detection of the viral genome using molecular hybridization techniques has been achieved. In vitro studies have confirmed the inhibiting effect of parvovirus B 19 on red cell line progenitors, particularly CFU-E, but the exact mechanism of the inhibition remains uncertain. Other diseases due to parvovirus B 19 or other parvoviruses probably remain to be discovered.
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PMID:[Parvovirus infections in children with hemolytic anemia]. 255 72

A young woman in maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in second complete remission developed fever and a skin rash associated with severe anemia, neutropenia and erythroblastopenia. A complete recovery was obtained in 4 weeks' time after red cell transfusion, i.v. immunoglobulin and withdrawal of the maintenance chemotherapy. Parvovirus B19 infection was demonstrated by detection of B19 DNA in the patient's serum using a dot-blot hybridization assay and a nested polymerase chain reaction. Serological tests were positive for anti-B19 IgG but not for IgM. Erythroblastopenia due to parvovirus infection has already been reported in ALL patients. B19 infection should be suspected in leukemic patients if unexplained cytopenia (mainly anemia) follows an acute febrile illness. Very sensitive methods are often needed to confirm the diagnosis, since routine serological tests may be unreliable in immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:Cytopenia caused by parvovirus in an adult ALL patient. 792 75

Human parvovirus B19 (B19) is a known cause of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) and aplastic crisis in patients with hemolytic anemias. When patients with malignant diseases are infected by B19 during chemotherapy, erythroid suppression of bone marrow sometimes occurs. We performed a retrospective investigation of B19 infection among 95 children with malignant diseases in our hospital during the past 14 years. By the method of dot blot hybridization, 9 of 95 patients were found to be positive for B19 DNA during chemotherapy. All 9 patients had reticulocytopenia at the time B19 DNA was detected in their serum samples. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were not found. Seven of them had only transient reticulocytopenia. Serum samples from 2 other patients were positive for B19 DNA for a longer time. They suffered from persistent anemia for about 2 and 13 month, respectively. The years when B19 DNA was detected from the 9 patients corresponded to the prevalence of erythema infectiosum in Japan.
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PMID:Retrospective study on the influence of human parvovirus B19 infection among children with malignant diseases. 823 78

A 27-year-old healthy female presented with a prolonged and intermittent febrile illness. She was found to have leucopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, but a normal haemoglobin. The patient recovered spontaneously and convalescent serology 1 month later was positive for specific parvovirus B19 IgM and IgG. Parvovirus B19 infection was confirmed by detection of viral DNA by dot blot hybridization in a specimen of blood taken during the acute illness. A review of the previously reported cases of parvovirus B19-induced leucopenia in normal adults is presented. Parvovirus B19 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of leucopenia and neutropenia in healthy adults.
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PMID:Parvovirus B19 causing leucopenia and neutropenia in a healthy adult. 1084 Nov 1

Human parvovirus B19 infections may cause a widespread benign and self-limiting disease in children and adults, known as erythema infectiosum or fifth disease. A variety of further manifestations are associated with the infection such as arthralgias, arthritis, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, anemia and vasculitis, spontaneous abortion and hydrops fetalis in pregnant women. Both in children and adults parvovirus B19 infections have been frequently implicated as a cause or trigger of various forms of autoimmune diseases affecting joints, connective tissue and large and small vessels. In addition, autoimmune neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia are known as sequelae of B19 infection. The molecular basis of the autoimmune phenomena and resultant pathogenesis is unclear. The involvement of molecular mimicry between cellular and viral proteins, the induction of enhanced cytokine production via the viral transactivator protein NS1 and the phospholipase A2-like activity of the capsid protein VP1 may contribute to the induction of autoimmune reactions. All the known data and the potential mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis will be discussed in this review.
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PMID:Parvovirus B19 infection and autoimmune disease. 1284 49

The role of Parvovirus B19 in acute leukemia is under debate. This study aimed to detect parvovirus B19 DNA together with its antibodies in the sera of children with recent acute leukemia and those with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapy to clarify the contribution of this infection to changes observed in hematological and clinical presentations in these populations. Two groups were included: Group I comprised 45 children with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapy and Group II comprised 40 children with recently diagnosed acute leukemia. Serum parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and the virus DNA was sought by polymerase chain reaction assay. Viral DNA was found in 22.2% of Group I patients and in 45% of Group II patients. Hemoglobin levels were significantly reduced in patients with recent infection, accompanied by statistically significant lymphocytosis in Group I patients. Group II patients with recent infection had marked neutropenia with lymphocytosis and thrombocytopenia. There was statistically significant lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly in patients with recent infection in both groups. Parvovirus B19 infection is an important cause of cytopenia in children with acute leukemia both when recently diagnosed and receiving chemotherapy. This can affect the schedule of chemotherapy. Moreover, the presence of Parvovirus B19 is associated with marked lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly.
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PMID:Clinical and hematological study for Parvovirus b19 infection in children with acute leukemia. 1926 Oct 33

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) is the most common clinical presentation of acute parvovirus B19 infection in infancy. In healthy adults, most cases of infection are asymptomatic or accompanied by a flu-like syndrome like headaches and myalgia. Haematological manifestations are dominated by transient aplasia of erythroid progenitor cells which remains asymptomatic in most of non immunocompromised patients. Patients with sickle cell disease, thalassemia or other disorders associated with shortened red blood cell survival are at particular risk for marked anemia or red blood cell aplasia. In immunosuppressed patients, anemia may be chronic because of persistent viral load. Neutropenia, lymphopenia or thrombocytopenia have also been reported in acute parvovirus B19 infection. Mechanisms of these cytopenias are not yet elucidated. We present two patients with thrombopenia and/or neutropenia but without anemia due to acute parvovirus B19 infection.
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PMID:[Neutropenia and/or thrombocytopenia due to acute parvovirus B19 infection]. 1941 Dec 38