Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a 14-month period 68 patients were treated with methicillin for presumed or proved staphylococcal infection. Neutropenia, defined as a total neutrophil count less than 1500/cu mm3, developed in 23 patients (35%). Eosinophilia (eosinophil count more than 700/mm3) developed in 27 patients (40%), including 11 of the neutropenic patients. The epinephrine stimulation test in five patients resulted in a mean increase of 70% in the number of circulating neutrophils while the hydrocortisone stimulation test led to a mean increase of 800 neutrophils/mm3. Bone marrow examination in six patients showed maturation delay of the myeloid series. Neutropenia resolved within 3 to 7 days of discontinuation of methicillin therapy in all patients.
 ...
PMID:Methicillin-induced neutropenia. 400 Sep 88

From a cohort of 837 adult, mainly homosexual HIV-infected patients, 76 bacteremic/fungemic episodes were identified in 63 patients over a 5-year period. Compared with an age-matched reference population with an incidence of 10.3 bacteremias/10,000 person-years, the incidence was 170 among pre-AIDS (p < 0.001) and 3,200 among AIDS patients (p < 0.001). Staphylococcal infections comprised 35% of all episodes, while the HIV-related pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella spp. and C. neoformans together accounted for 34%. The overall mortality associated with clinical bacteremia was 12%, but nil for Salmonella spp. and S. pneumoniae. Predisposing factors for the infection were: low CD4 count (< 100 x 10(6)/l) in 71%, permanent intravenous line, 44%; neutropenia, 11% and active intravenous drug abuse, 7%. Hence, in this population, intensified hygienic precautions for intravenous lines should be the primary target for intervention. Long-term cotrimoxazole prophylaxis may prevent bacteremia with S. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp.
 ...
PMID:Bacteremia in HIV-positive and AIDS patients: incidence, species distribution, risk-factors, outcome, and influence of long-term prophylactic antibiotic treatment. 774 85

The purpose of this study was to examine coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients with central vein catheters by investigating incidence, clinical relevance, risk factors, methicillin resistance, clinical impact of initial empiric antimicrobial therapy without vancomycin, and management of documented catheter-related infections. A 5-year prospective study was conducted with daily evaluation of 242 BMT patients during hospitalization, including clinical assessment and blood culture via the Hickman/Broviac catheter. If fever or infected appearance occurred, peripheral blood cultures or exit site cultures, respectively, were done. Results showed a septicemia incidence of 7.0%, including in 6 patients following colonization, in 1 patient with tunnel infection, in 1 patient with thrombophlebitis, in 1 patient with exit site infection, and in 8 patients with septicemia of unknown origin. Total colonization incidence was 7%, with colonization only in 11 patients who had 16 episodes; incidence of exit site infection was 3.7%. Age > or = 18 years was the only identified risk factor for developing staphylococcal infection (P = 0.03). Despite a methicillin resistance rate of 45% and omission of vancomycin from the routine initial empiric antimicrobial regimen, the clinical course of coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections was relatively benign. A single patient, who experienced marrow rejection, died on day +31 with septicemia and only one patient experienced microbiological failure with recurrent colonization. Bacteria grown in both aerobic and anaerobic bottles were more likely true bacteremia than contaminant (P = 0.03). We conclude that the hazard of coagulase-negative staphylococcal infection does not mandate inclusion of a glycopeptide in the initial empiric antimicrobial regimen in BMT patients, even during febrile neutropenia. Hickman/Broviac-related staphylococcal infections, except for tunnel infection or thrombophlebitis, can usually be treated successfully without removing the catheter.
 ...
PMID:Nosocomial coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections in bone marrow transplantation recipients with central vein catheter. A 5-year prospective study. 861 Mar 56