Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027947 (neutropenia)
 17,527 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The combination of cisplatin and capecitabine was evaluated in patients with recurrent or unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), and outcome parameters were correlated with the expression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), thymidilate syntetase (TS), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 1-3, and microvessel density (MVD). Patients with recurrent or unresectable HNSCC were eligible if they had received prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy, concurrent chemo-radiotherapy, or no prior systemic therapy. Patients received cisplatin (75 mg m(-2) day 1), and capecitabine (2000 mg m(-2) day 1-14) every 3 weeks. A total of 41 patients received 194 cycles. In all, 16 complete responses (39%) and 12 partial responses (29%) were documented, for an overall response rate of 68% (95% CI, 53-80%). Grade 3-4 uncomplicated neutropenia was documented in five subjects. Asthenia, anorexia, hand-foot syndrome, and constipation were the most frequent nonhaematologic events. Median progression-free and overall survival were 6.4 and 12.6 months. Cytoplasmic TP expression was more prevalent in patients with a laryngeal location vs other, and in patients with a recurrence vs primary disease. Microvessel density count was higher in patients with recurrent vs primary disease. The combination of cisplatin and capecitabine is effective in recurrent or unresectable HNSCC, and shows a manageable toxicity.
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PMID:Phase II trial of cisplatin and capecitabine in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and correlative study of angiogenic factors. 1559 3

The use of induction chemotherapy prior to chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) remains controversial. We explored whether toxicity from induction chemotherapy influenced the delivery of concurrent chemoradiation. Among 171 consecutive previously unirradiated patients with HNSCC treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation, we identified 66 patients with stage III-IVB head and neck carcinoma who were treated with induction chemotherapy prior to planned chemoradiation. The most common induction regimen was docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-FU (TPF; 80%) for 2 to 3 cycles. Mean radiation dose was 72 Gy (range, 36-75 Gy). Concurrent chemotherapy regimens included cisplatin (26%), cetuximab (5%) and 5-fluorouracil/hydroxyurea (65%)-based regimens. At a median follow-up of 27 months (range, 9-56 months), the 2-year locoregional control and distant control rates were 85 and 86%, respectively. The 2-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 74 and 80%, respectively. Although there were no grade 5 toxicities during induction chemotherapy, 26% of patients required hospitalization for adverse events, including 5% needing intensive care. The most common high grade adverse events were grade 4 neutropenia (21%) and neutropenic fever (17%). Six percent of patients were unable to tolerate concurrent chemotherapy. The 2-year disease-free survival was significantly higher in patients able to complete induction and concurrent chemoradiation as planned (83 vs. 27%, p<0.001). Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation results in promising survival rates in our cohort of advanced head and neck carcinoma patients. Due to severe toxicities in a subset of patients, this strategy is only recommended in selected high-risk patients who are carefully followed by an experienced multidisciplinary team.
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PMID:Toxicity profile and clinical outcomes in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with induction chemotherapy prior to concurrent chemoradiation. 2202 May 64