Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Complete tumor resection has a significant role in the treatment of localized neuroblastoma. Recently we have applied activated carbon particles to lymph node dissection in the surgery of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma with nodal involvement for the complete resection of this tumor. In this study, we have reviewed 22 consecutive patients with retroperitoneal neuroblastoma who received rational lymph node dissection using activated carbon particles from 1985 through 1990, including 16 patients detected through mass screening. Fourteen patients with stages I, II, and IV-S of neuroblastoma have survived for a median duration of 37.6 months, and all patients detected through mass screening survived for a median duration of 36.7 months, with no evidence of disease after operation. Two of the 8 patients with advanced disease (stages III and IV) died of tumor progression. No local recurrence was observed in all patients, and early or late complications were minimal. In conclusion, rational lymph node dissection considering the lymphatics is recommended for the surgery of patients with retroperitoneal neuroblastoma, including the patients detected through mass screening.
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PMID:[Evaluation of rational lymph node dissection for abdominal neuroblastoma]. 194 77

Modern multidisciplinary treatment of childhood cancer has made extent of disease evaluation important for proper treatment planning. Accurate staging is essential to cooperative group studies and for comparing treatment modalities at different centers. Operative staging plays an important role where clinical or imaging methods are limited, as in abdominal Hodgkin's disease or regional nodal metastasis. Operative staging is carried out either as a special diagnostic procedure, as in lymphoma, or as part of a planned surgical resection of a solid tumor. For lymphomas: Operative staging of abdominal Hodgkin's disease is required where protocols include involved field irradiation and sparing of normal growing tissue in the child. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, bulky abdominal tumor may be surgically evaluated after intensive chemotherapy either in delayed primary surgery or in second look procedures. Residual tumor may be excised or tagged with clips for localized irradiation to the tumor sparing normal abdominal organs. For solid tumors: During surgical resection of neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma, the correct procedure involves regional staging either by formal node dissections or by multiple biopsies to determine extent of spread. Regional node dissections are often part of a correct cancer operation for cure, but also give staging information unobtainable by other methods. The surgeon must plan every procedure carefully with the aim of curing the patient and also deriving maximum information from the operation to enable correct planning of further treatment.
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PMID:The objectives and importance of operative staging of children with cancer. 301 92

Current protocols for the treatment of neuroblastoma emphasize total or near total resection of tumor to improve survival. This is preferentially performed as a primary procedure, or is attempted at a second-look operation. Unfortunately, this tumor often grows to large size with invasion of the spinal canal, or encasement of major vascular or other retroperitoneal structures. A primary attempt at complete removal may result in difficult-to-control hemorrhage or injury to, or loss of, vital organs. A second-look procedure carries other intrinsic risks. It often must be performed during a period of chemotherapeutically induced hematologic and immunologic suppression. The presence of adhesions and dense scar tissue increases the complexity of the dissection. The Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA) combines continuous fragmentation, irrigation, and aspiration in one instrument. Tissues high in water content are selectively fragmented and aspirated, while tissues high in collagen and elastin (such as blood vessels and pseudocapsular walls) are selectively spared. Five patients, two with large pelvic dumbell tumors, two with large intrathoracic tumors, and one with a seemingly unresectable large right adrenal tumor (crossing the midline with extensive aortocaval nodal involvement) had total or near-total resection accomplished using the CUSA. In these patients, initial resection of the relatively soft inner part of the tumor left a collapsed pseudocapsule, which was then removed under greatly improved exposure in a relatively small field. The constant aspiration virtually eliminated tumor spillage. Since most vessels were skeletonized without penetration, total blood loss was minimized. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications.
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PMID:Resection of advanced stage neuroblastoma with the cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator. 306 99

All cases diagnosed in Finland as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's disease or histiocytosis X in children younger than 15 years in 1953 to 1973, according to the Finnish Cancer Registry, were reexamined histologically. Only 55% of the cases originally diagnosed as NHL were regarded as such at reexamination. The others were mainly malignant nonlymphatic tumors such as neuroblastoma and different kinds of sarcomas. Seventy-two NHLs were diagnosed in 50 boys and 22 girls. The corrected age-specific incidence rate was 0.32/10(5). The most common histologic types were Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) (30 cases), lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) (26), large cell lymphomas (LCL) (six), and non-Burkitt's lymphoma (n-BL) (three). There were marked differences between BL and LBL in the course of the disease: BL was extranodal in 83%, LBL only in 4% (mediastinum was regarded as nodal); BL showed initial abdominal or pelvic involvement in 60% whereas LBL showed none; BL had initial mediastinal involvement in 7%, and LBL had it in 62%; all patients with LBL died whereas 23% of those with BL survived. Other types of NHL resembled BL in their course of disease. Patients with initial tonsillary involvement appeared to have the best prognosis and patients with mediastinal involvement the poorest. The importance of accurate histologic classification is emphasized. It appears to be most important to differentiate LBL from other types of NHL.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in childhood. A clinicopathologic and epidemiologic study in Finland. 349 36

A case of trabecular carcinoma of the skin that resulted in prequarter amputation of the arm for local tumor aggressiveness is presented. The tumor was originally diagnosed as metastatic, most probably neuroblastoma, leading to inadequate local resection that resulted in recurrence with extensive regional nodal metastases. The importance of recognizing trabecular carcinoma as a primary tumor of the skin with a potential for recurrence and metastasis is underscored, primarily since initial total excision with adequate margins of resection has proven in most instances to be curative.
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PMID:Trabecular carcinoma of the skin simulating metastatic disease. 372 97

Between 1949 and 1978, 119 children with the diagnosis of neuroblastoma or ganglioneuroblastoma were treated at the Washington University Medical Center. Of these, 50 (41%) were alive and disease-free 3 or more years after diagnosis. Important prognostic variables included stage of tumor (Evans staging), histology, age at diagnosis, and site of primary tumor. A stepwise logistic regression analysis of these data has shown that, in order of significance, stage, histology and age at diagnosis are independent prognostic variables. Sex of the patient and nodal status at diagnosis (where known) were not significant prognostic variables. No effects of individual treatment modalities could be detected. This study confirms the overwhelming influence of factors unrelated to treatment in determining the prognosis of neuroblastoma.
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PMID:An analysis of neuroblastoma at a single institution. 670 95

Data relative to the prognostic and therapeutic significance of lymph node metastases in regionally confined neuroblastoma (Evans stages II-III) are scant. We have analyzed lymph node status in order to assess the significance of nodal involvement. Disease-free survival (minimum follow-up of 2 years) was 84% (21/25) among node-positive patients compared with 95% (18/19) for node-negative patients (P greater than 0.1, two-tailed test). These results contrast with the results from two other centers in which lymph node involvement was a significant adverse prognostic indicator. The use of intensive multimodal therapy including surgical resection of the primary tumor, wide-field radiation therapy to the tumor bed and regional lymph nodes, and chemotherapy may have accounted for the better survival in our node-positive patients.
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PMID:Influence of local-regional lymph node metastases on prognosis in neuroblastoma. 674 57

Connexin40 is selectively expressed in specialized cardiac conduction (nodal and His-Purkinje) tissues and the atrium, yet the channel properties formed by this gap junction protein have not been investigated. The conductance, gating, and selective permeability of rat connexin40 (Cx40) gap junction channels between pairs of Cx40-transfected mouse neuroblastoma (N2A) cells in culture were studied by using dual whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. The macroscopic steady state junctional conductance gating was dependent on transjunctional voltage with a Boltzmann half-inactivation voltage of +/- 50 mV, a residual voltage-insensitive normalized junctional conductance of 35% of maximum, and a gating charge valence of 3. In the presence of 120 mmol/L potassium glutamate, the slope conductance of single rat Cx40 gap junction channels measured 158 +/- 2 pS (n = 4). Lower conductance states equal to 21% to 48% of the main open-state conductance were also occasionally observed in two of the four cell pairs. Multichannel open probabilities were found to be heterogeneous. Ion substitution and dye transfer experiments were performed to determine the relative chloride/potassium conductance and dye permeability of anionic fluorescein derivatives in rat Cx40 channels. The rat Cx40 channel had a maximum conductance of 180 +/- 18 pS (n = 3) in 120 mmol/L KCl and a detectable chloride permeability of 0.29 relative to potassium, indicating some selectivity for cations over anions. Cx40 gap junctions were permeable to 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (diCl-F) and also to the more polar 6-carboxyfluorescein dye; however, diCl-F dye transfer was not observed to increase with increasing junctional conductance.
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PMID:Unique conductance, gating, and selective permeability properties of gap junction channels formed by connexin40. 755 28

An IgM human monoclonal antibody (HuMAb) SK1 was generated from mesenteric nodal lymphocytes of a colon cancer patient that were fused with a human B-lymphoblastoid cell line SHFP-1. The reactivities of HuMAb SK1 to various human cell lines were screened by cell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and immunocytochemical staining. The HuMAb SK1 reacted strongly with all 11 human carcinoma cell lines that were tested and had no detectable binding with noncarcinoma cell lines of the following origins: fibroblast; fetal lung; melanoma; soft tissue sarcoma; neuroblastoma; and glioblastoma. Carcinoma preferred reactivity of HuMAb SK1 was further confirmed by immunoperoxidase staining of a large number of frozen tissues, both malignant and benign. The antigen SK1 (AgSK1) in human carcinoma detected by immunoperoxidase staining was also identified biochemically as a sialoglycoprotein that migrated at M(r) 42,000 with an isoelectric point (pI) of approximately 5.9. A preferential staining by HuMAb SK1 was seen among colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and lung cancers. Competitive inhibition study in solid-phase immunoassay suggested that the HuMAb SK1 did not cross-react with other antibodies specific for CEA, CA 19-9, and TAG 72. The AgSK1 appears to be a novel carcinoma associated antigen which may be a useful tumor marker in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:AgSK1, a novel carcinoma associated antigen. 843 57

Stage IV neuroblastoma is associated with high mortality; an exception are patients whose stage IV status includes distant positive nodes, but no skeletal metastases-stage IVN neuroblastoma. We describe our experience with preoperative MRI in three patients with extensive abdominal neuroblastoma without cortical bony involvement but with unsuspected metastatic involvement to the left supraclavicular (Virchow's) node. We review findings of left supraclavicular nodal spread in five earlier cases of IVN neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Stage IVN neuroblastoma: MRI diagnosis of left supraclavicular "Virchow's" nodal spread. 880 3


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