Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Differentiation ability of neuroblastoma cells was studied in vitro, light and electron microscopically using three continuously cultured cell lines (NB-1, GOTO, and YT-nu) of human origin. The cells ordinarily cultured appeared to differentiate along directions of both ganglionic and paraganglionic characterized by cytoplasmic catecholamine granules measuring 150 to 250 treatment with But2cAMP in NB-1 and YT-nu cells, but GOTO cells revealed only one-directed differentiation along ganglionic cell regardless of But2cAMP conditioning. Morphological and functional differentiation of mouse and human neuroblastoma cells in vitro, conversion of rat phenochromocytoma cells into sympathetic neurons in vitro, and ultrastructural differentiation of human neuroblastoma in vivo were discussed. In conclusion, neuroblastoma might be derived from a primitive stem cell of neural crest origin which possesses the pluripotency to be capable of differentiating along the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and other neural crest derivatives under certain conditions.
 ...
PMID:Differentiation of human neuroblastoma cells in vitro--morphological changes induced by dibutyrl cyclic AMP. 20 Nov 51

The production and secretion of multiple peptide hormones and tyrosine hydroxylase by the human neuroblastoma cell line NB-1 and the effects of dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2cAMP) and phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on them were investigated. The presence of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/peptide histidine methionine (PHM), preprotachykinin, and tyrosine hydroxylase was detectable in the cytoplasm of cultured NB-1 cells by in situ hybridization. Treatment with Bt2cAMP and TPA markedly increased the number of cells immunoreactive to VIP, PHM, neuropeptide Y, Met-enkephalin, substance P and tyrosine hydroxylase and also the contents of VIP and Met-enkephalin in the culture medium. Bt2cAMP and TPA induced morphological changes characteristic of endocrine differentiation, such as an increase in neuroendocrine granules and the development of rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The results indicated that treatment with Bt2cAMP and TPA induces the expression of multiple genes of peptide hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase and increases hormone production and secretion through morphological changes into endocrine cells.
 ...
PMID:Detection of multiple hormones and their mRNAs in human neuroblastoma cell line NB-1 using in situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. 127 91

The N-myc amplification of human neuroblastomas was characterized by the amplified DNA cloned from the cell line MC-NB-1 using the phenol emulsion reassociation technique (PERT). A number of PERT clones exhibiting amplification in this cell line were tested for amplification in other neuroblastoma cell lines. In almost all cell lines examined, only a few clones were co-amplified with N-myc and most of the others were exclusively amplified in a subset of the cell lines. The total aggregate size of the Hind III fragment identified by the PERT clones was approximately 350 kb. Most of the PERT clones were mapped to human chromosome (chr) 2p23-2pter, where the N-myc gene is located. Four types of amplicons, the 100, 420, 480 and 520 kb fragments, shown to be Not I fragments, were identified by hexagonal field gel electrophoresis. Three fragments are ordered in a head-to-tail array, and the remaining fragment is either ordered in a tail-to-head array or something else. Despite the extremely unusual construction of the amplified sequences in this cell line as compared with others, there was a low degree of sequence heterogeneity among the amplicons within this cell line. These observations lead to the idea that the complex rearrangements that give rise to the heterogeneous organization of the amplified sequences among the different cell lines precede the amplification of these sequences.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of N-myc amplification in a human neuroblastoma cell line by clones isolated following the phenol emulsion reassociation technique and by hexagonal field gel electrophoresis. 154 99

The authors have investigated the relationship between oncogene (N-myc and c-src) expression and major histocompatibility complex (H-2 in the mouse) antigen gene expression at the molecular levels, by using mouse neuroblastoma sublines (NB-1 and NB-V). Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis showed that NB-1 cells exhibited positive expression to H-2 Kk, H-2 Dd, and beta-2-microglobulin, while NB-V cells were negative to all three antigens. It was found that dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) had a capacity to increase an H-2 class I antigen expression on NB-1 cells, whereas no change was observed on NB-V cells after DMSO treatment. Molecular analysis with deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acid (RNA) blot hybridization and immunoprecipitation revealed that the enhancement of H-2 antigen expression on NB-1 cells was modulated at the transcriptional control of the H-2 gene. In contrast, negative H-2 antigen expression on NB-V cells was caused by block at the level of glycosylation of the H-2 heavy chain, although an increase in messenger RNA of the H-2 gene was induced after DMSO treatment. There was neither amplification nor rearrangement of N-myc and c-src oncogenes in either neuroblastoma subline. Nuclear run-on transcription assay revealed that the N-myc gene was post-transcriptionally down-modulated by DMSO, whereas the c-src gene was transcriptionally up-regulated. It was thus suspected that N-myc and c-src might be directly associated with cellular proliferation and differentiation in neuronal tumors and that in vivo tumorigenicity could be regulated by the control mechanism of oncogene expression in relation to H-2 gene expression on tumor cells.
 ...
PMID:[Molecular analysis of relationship between oncogene (N-myc and c-src) expression and major histocompatibility complex antigen gene expression in mouse neuroblastoma lines]. 170 53

We have examined expression of the N-myc, c-fos and smg p25A genes in two human neuroblastoma cell lines during their differentiation. The decrease in the N-myc gene expression and the increase in the c-fos gene expression are observed during the differentiation of NB-1 cells into neuronal cells and of GOTO cells into Schwann-type cells. On the other hand, the smg p25A, a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein, gene expression is increased in NB-1 cells but not in GOTO cells during their differentiation, suggesting that smg p25A is closely associated with the neuronal phenotype of neuroblastoma cells.
 ...
PMID:Differential expression of the N-myc, c-fos, and smg p25A genes in human neuroblastoma cells during neuronal and Schwannian differentiation. 185 70

We have examined expression of the smg p25A (a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein) gene in neural crest-derived tumor cell lines and neuroblastoma tissues. The human neuroblastoma cell lines GOTO, IMR-32, NB-1, and SK-N-SH expressed the 1.6-kilobase smg-25A mRNA. SH-SY5Y and SH-IN, variant cell lines with a neuronal phenotype derived from SK-N-SH, expressed much more smg-25A mRNA than did SH-EP1, a variant line with an epithelium-like phenotype also derived from SK-N-SH. The primitive neuroectodermal tumor cell lines SK-N-MC and KU-SN and the Ewing's sarcoma cell lines RD-ES and SK-ES expressed the smg-25A mRNA to a much smaller extent than did neuroblastoma cell lines. Of 15 human neuroblastoma specimens tested, 13 expressed the smg-25A mRNA to various extents. When the relative ratio of the smg-25A mRNA level to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA level was compared among neuroblastoma tumor tissues, the value was significantly higher in tumors histologically diagnosed as ganglioneuroblastoma. The smg-25A mRNA was not detected in the tissues of Hodgkin's lymphoma, Wilms' tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, or undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver. These results suggest that the smg-25A mRNA level is closely related to the neuronal differentiation state of tumors derived from the neural crest.
 ...
PMID:Expression of the smg p25A (a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein) gene in human neuroblastoma cell lines and tumor tissues. 212 31

The simultaneous effect of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) on cell growth, morphological changes, and cellular contents of S 100 (S 100ao and S 100b) protein and neuron specific enolase was investigated in human neuroblastoma cells in culture. Among four cell lines (NCG, SK-N-DZ, GOTO, NB-1), GOTO was the most affected. With 5 micrograms/ml BrdUrd, the growth of this cell line was significantly inhibited to 14.5% of the control on day 6, in association with morphological changes into flat-type cells and an increase of S 100 protein. S 100ao protein was increased from 37 to 211,000 pg/mg protein (5,600-fold) and S 100b protein from less than 25 to 623 pg/mg protein. The induction of S 100 protein was also seen in SK-N-DZ but not in NCG and NB-1. In GOTO the induction of S 100 protein occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner by the treatment with BrdUrd. On the other hand, after exposure to BrdUrd, neuron specific enolase decreased in NB-1 and SK-N-DZ and increased in GOTO. These results suggest that although heterogeneous certain neuroblastoma cell lines could be differentiated into S 100 protein-positive cells that may represent glial or Schwann cells and that the effect of BrdUrd is exerted bidirectionally in neuroblastoma differentiation.
 ...
PMID:Induction of S 100 protein by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine in human neuroblastoma cell lines. 333 91

Previous reports from our laboratory showed that tetrasialoganglioside GQ1b, when exogenously added, can promote cell proliferation and neurite outgrowth in two human neuroblastoma cell lines, GOTO and NB-1 (Tsuji, S., Arita, M. and Nagai, Y. (1983) J. Biochem. 94, 303-306). To clarify the activity-associated structure of GQ1b, we analyzed the structure-activity relationships using the GQ1b molecule, derivatives of it, and related gangliosides. When the GQ1b molecule was divided into two parts, the ceramide and oligosaccharide moieties, no activity was found with the former, while with the latter the activity could be seen, although the level of activity obtained never exceeded half that of GQ1b itself and an optimal concentration of 100-200 ng/ml of 20-40-times that of native GQ1b (5 ng/ml) was required. Furthermore, the activity of GQ1b was completely abolished by neuraminidase treatment, which converted GQ1b to GM1, so we examined other molecular species of gangliosides having a common gangliotetraose backbone but linked differently with two to four sialic acids (i.e., GD1a, GD1b, GT1a, GT1b, GQ1b and GQ1c). Among them, only GQ1b was found to be active. The results disclosed the interesting fact that deletion of any sialic acid residue from either of the two disialosyl residues of GQ1b results in a complete loss of activity and that the mere existence of the tetrasialosyl structure does not lead to activity; this indicates the absolute necessity of the GQ1b oligosaccharide structure for the expression of activity. For full expression of the activity, both the ceramide and oligosaccharide moieties were necessary. It was also found that the GQ1b oligosaccharide inhibited the activity of GQ1b at a concentration a few times greater than that of GQ1b, suggesting the involvement of a receptor-like mechanism in the action of GQ1b at the cell membrane.
 ...
PMID:Bioactive gangliosides: analysis of functional structures of the tetrasialoganglioside GQ1b which promotes neurite outgrowth. 394 70

The presence of VIP-like immunoreactivity in human neuroblastoma cell line NB-1 was demonstrated by radioimmunoassay of the crude cell extract and by immunocytochemical staining of the cells. Gel filtration profiles of VIP-like immunoreactivity in the cell extract measured by radioimmunoassays using three different region-specific antisera revealed that the immunoreactivity consists of a major molecular form corresponding to porcine VIP having 28 amino acid residues with at least two additional minor forms larger and smaller than the VIP. In addition to VIP-like immunoreactivity, the cell extract was shown to contain substance P-, neurotensin- and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity as well.
 ...
PMID:Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactivity in a human neuroblastoma cell line and the coexistence of other neuropeptide immunoreactivity in the cell line. 616 47

The novel effects of gangliosides from human brain on the number of nuclei of nerve cells and neurite outgrowth were studied in cultures of human neuroblastoma cell lines GOTO and NB-1. Ganglioside GQ1b at a nanomolar level stimulated cell proliferation and neurite outgrowth during culture for 24 hours, as reported previously [J Biochem 94: 303-306, 1983]. Although the neurite promoting activity of GQ1b was similar to those of total human brain gangliosides (GS) and nerve growth factor (NGF), its activity on cell proliferation did not persist on longer culture; that is, the number of GQ1b-treated cells rapidly decreased to the control level during culture for 48 or 72 hours. In contrast, on treatment with GS or NGF, the number of cell nuclei increased continuously during prolonged culture. These results showed that either some other molecular species of ganglioside(s) than GQ1b or other substances such as proteins present in the GS fraction were responsible for the long-term activity. Studies on the GS fraction after its treatment with proteases and neuraminidases revealed that ganglioside GD1a (20 ng/ml) had the ability to prolong the activity of GQ1b. Namely, GQ1b and GD1a gangliosides cooperated in maintaining the number of nuclei in long-term cultures of neuroblastoma cell lines.
 ...
PMID:Studies on bioactive gangliosides: II. Requirement of ganglioside GD1a for prolonged GQ1b-driven nerve growth promotion in neuroblastoma cell lines. 650 54


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>