Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urine levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were determined in 6 patients with neuroblastoma, in 72 controls and in 5 infants with hematuria by means of a double-antibody inhibition radioimmunoassay method. Urine levels (NSE ng/creatinine mg) in 2 patients with advanced neuroblastoma were elevated (3.03 +/- 0.28 (S.D.)), when compared with those of 4 patients with neuroblastoma in remission (0.65 +/- 0.26 (S.D.], 10 healthy neonates (1.26 +/- 0.42 (S.D.)), 25 healthy infants (0.51 +/- 0.26 (S.D.)), and 37 healthy adults (0.37 +/- 0.17 (S.D.)). Urine levels in 4 infants with microhematuria and an infant with macrohematuria were 1.62 +/- 0.10 (S.D.) and 33.83, respectively. Serial measurements in 3 patients with neuroblastoma receiving various therapies have revealed that there was a good correlation between urine NSE level and the response to therapy. These results indicate that NSE in urine may be a valuable marker for monitoring the effectiveness of therapy in patients with neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Urine neuron-specific enolase and its clinical implication in patients with neuroblastoma. 373 18

Recently accumulated data on the biology of the tumors of neuroblastoma group are reviewed. Histopathological classification system developed by Shimada et al, elevated levels of serum neuron-specific enolase and ferritin, and gene abnormalities including partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome #1 and N-myc gene amplification are discussed as well as their prognostic significance. Also, the current activities of CCSG (Childrens Cancer Study Group) neuroblastoma studies are briefly reported.
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PMID:[Neuroblastoma; biology and prognostic factors]. 380 Apr 8

A case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor of an 81-year-old man is presented, which was located in the cutis. The occurrence in this age and this superficial location is unusual and raises wide differential diagnostic possibilities. The tumor demonstrated Homer Wright rosettes, was positive for neuron-specific enolase and ultrastructurally revealed neurosecretory granules. These features support the diagnosis of a peripheral neuroblastoma. We discuss the controversy about the terminology of peripheral neuroblastoma vs. neuroepithelioma, as well as the differential diagnosis of these tumors.
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PMID:Primitive neuroectodermal tumor in the skin with features of neuroblastoma in an adult patient. 381 48

Urine levels of neuron-specific enolase were determined in 3 neuroblastoma patients (1 in an advanced state and 2 in remission), 25 control children, 37 control adults and 4 children with hematuria by means of the double-antibody inhibition radioimmunoassay specific to the gamma subunit of enolase isozymes. The levels of neuron-specific enolase mean +/- S.D. ng/creatinine mg in an advanced neuroblastoma patient were elevated (1.25 +/- 0.29 before or after treatment and range 1.61-74.2 during treatment) when compared with those of control subjects (0.51 +/- 0.26 in children and 0.36 +/- 0.17 in adults). The levels in 2 neuroblastoma patients in remission were within normal range. Urine samples with hematuria were not used for the assay.
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PMID:Determination of urine neuron-specific enolase levels in neuroblastoma patients. 383 87

Neuroblastoma in adults is uncommon. Previous reports have suggested that adult patients with neuroblastoma have a better prognosis than children with these tumors. We have examined the clinical features of eight adults with neuroblastoma and related these data to tumor histopathology and immunohistochemistry using an antibody to neuron-specific enolase. The results show that when children and adults with neuroblastoma are compared by stage, adults do not have a better prognosis. Adults tend to have a different anatomic distribution of primary tumor sites, with more frequent extra-abdominal sites than are seen in children. Neuroblastomas arising in adults are similar to those seen in children by containing neuron-specific enolase, an enzyme associated with cells of neuroectodermal origin. These findings show that adult neuroblastomas are similar to their childhood counterparts in clinical behavior and pathologic features.
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PMID:Neuroblastoma in adults. Pathologic findings and clinical outcome. 388 99

A double-antibody radioimmunoassay for human neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was developed, using rabbit antiserum against the gamma subunit of enolase purified from human brain. Intra-assay variance was 3.8-5.1% and inter-assay variance 4.3-7.3%, and recovery of NSE added to normal serum was 100.2% on average. Normal serum NSE levels for 451 adults ranged from 3.6 to 10.8 ng/ml (mean 6.6 ng/ml). Antibodies raised against the gamma gamma enolase isozyme did not cross-react with the alpha alpha and beta beta isozymes at concentrations of 1,000 ng/ml, but showed a cross-reactivity of 41.5% (theoretically 50%) with the alpha gamma isozyme. It was also shown that hemolysis of 160 mg/dl hemoglobin can add 5.73 ng/ml of NSE to the true level. The coefficient of correlation between the radioimmunoassay and the sandwich enzyme immunoassay [1] was 0.99 (n = 21), and values determined by the RIA were about twice those obtained by the EIA. Serum NSE was abnormally high in 42 of 52 patients (80.8%) with small cell lung carcinoma, and in all 38 children with neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay development for human neuron-specific enolase: with some clinical results in lung cancers and neuroblastoma. 389 69

Peripheral neuronal tumours were studied by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method for the presence of the neurofilament protein (NFP) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). All cases of ganglioneuromas and ganglioneuroblastomas were positive for NFP and NSE. Both markers were observed only in tumour cells showing differentiation towards ganglion cells. Of the 14 cases of neuroblastoma, 8 were positive for NFP and 12 were positive for NSE. NSE was detected in most neuroblastic tumour cells. However, NFP was found in neuroblasts with signs of differentiation, such as nuclear enlargement, but not in immature, small round cells. NFP was present in cell bodies as well as in cytoplasmic processes of partially differentiated neuroblasts. The majority of pseudorosettes showed no NFP stain. Thus, antibodies against both NFP and NSE are useful in the diagnosis of peripheral neuronal tumours. Moreover, the presence of NFP seemed to be related to the degree of tumour cell differentiation.
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PMID:Distribution of neurofilament protein and neuron-specific enolase in peripheral neuronal tumours. 392 24

The patient was a 31-year-old man with neuroblastoma of the right adrenal gland, which presented at first as metastatic spinal epidural tumor. Catecholamine and its products in the blood and urine and neuron-specific enolase in the blood were increased. Six months after right adrenectomy followed by chemotherapy, the patient died due to cachexia. Autopsy revealed widespread metastasis. By electron microscopy, the centers of the Homer-Wright rosettes were occupied by neuropil-like structures consisting of a number of cytoplasmic processes of tumor cells, but no cored vesicles were found either in the processes or perikaryons of the tumor cells.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of adult neuroblastoma]. 395 Nov 23

Neuron-specific enolase (gamma-subunit isozyme) in extracts of human neuroblastomas and other tumors in children was measured by means of a radio-immunoassay in order to elucidate the rationale for clinical determination of its serum concentrations in patients. Surgical specimens as well as tumors xenotransplanted in nude mice were studied. The neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentrations in extracts of xenografted and surgical neuroblastomas were 1,733.2 +/- 677.3 (range; 883-2,659) ng/mg protein and 1,735.3 +/- 941.1 (559-2,933) ng/mg protein, respectively, while other pediatric tumors examined showed much lower levels of NSE: 121.5 +/- 146.1 (22-374) ng/mg protein in xenografts and 17.7-610 ng/mg protein in surgical specimens. Sera of nude mice bearing human neuroblastomas also showed NSE concentrations ranging from 1,102 to 4,400 ng/ml, very much higher than those in sera of nude mice without tumors or with other pediatric tumors. These results tend to confirm the specificity of NSE for neuroblastoma, and the difference in NSE concentrations among five neuroblastoma xenografts is discussed in relation to their cytogenetic characteristics.
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PMID:Neuron-specific enolase in neuroblastoma and other pediatric tumors: a comparative nude mouse and clinical investigation. 402 63

The use of neuron-specific enolase (NSE, E.C. 4.2.1.11) as a clinical marker for neuroblastoma and small-cell carcinoma of lung (SCCL) is presented. Both tumors have a high content of NSE as demonstrated enzymatically or by immunocytochemistry. Other retroperitoneal tumors in children and other lung tumors had insignificant NSE concentrations. NSE can thus be used in the differential diagnosis of neuroblastoma and SCCL. 73% of patients with SCCL had elevated serum NSE levels. The corresponding figure for patients with other types of lung cancer was 3%. There was a good correlation between serum NSE levels and the clinical course of patients with SCCL.
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PMID:Neuron-specific enolase as a marker for neuroblastoma and small-cell carcinoma of the lung. 609 30


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