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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

N1E-115 mouse neuroblastoma cells were used to study the influence of ethanol on the 5-HT- and veratridine-induced influx of 14C-guanidinium via the 5-HT3 receptor channel and the fast sodium channel, respectively. Ethanol (10-100 mM) concentration-dependently increased the 5-HT-induced 14C-guanidinium influx, leaving the basal and veratridine (100 microM)-induced influx unaffected. The increasing effect of ethanol (100 mM) was observed at all 5-HT concentrations investigated; accordingly, ethanol increased the maximum response to 5-HT. Whereas in the absence of ethanol the concentration-response curve for 5-HT was bell-shaped, this was no longer the case when ethanol (100 mM) was present in the incubation buffer; the descending branch of the concentration-response curve for 5-HT at concentrations above 300 microM was virtually no longer observed. When, in the presence of substance P (10 microM) the 5-HT-induced 14C-guanidinium influx was already enhanced, the ability of ethanol (100 mM) to increase the 5-HT-induced influx was considerably diminished (by 72%). Preincubation of N1E-115 cells with 5-HT caused a decay of the subsequent 5-HT response ("desensitization") which was dependent on the duration of preincubation; ethanol (100 mM) did not affect the rate of this decay of the 5-HT response. The 5-HT (30 microM)-induced 14C-guanidinium influx was also increased by methanol (100 mM) and n-propanol (100 mM). The rank order of the increasing effect of the n-alkanols (at 100 mM) was: methanol < ethanol < n-propanol; i.e. the degree of enhancement increased with the lipophilicity of the alcohols.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Increasing effect of ethanol on 5-HT3 receptor-mediated 14C-guanidinium influx in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells. 747 37

1. This study investigated the effects of acute and chronic ethanol on basal, agonist- and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP formation in NG108-15 mouse neuroblastoma x rat glioma hybrid cells, and examined the role of changes in extracellular adenosine concentrations on the effects observed. 2. NG108-15 cells incubated acutely with ethanol (1-200 mM) displayed concentration-dependent increases in basal and iloprost-stimulated (300 nM; a prostanoid IP receptor agonist) cyclic AMP accumulation but a concentration-dependent decrease in forskolin-stimulated (10 microM) accumulation. 3. Cells treated chronically with ethanol (200 mM) for 48 h displayed increases over control in basal, iloprost- (0.001-10 microM) and forskolin (0.01-100 microM)-stimulated cyclic AMP formation. However, chronic ethanol did not affect [3H]-iloprost binding to cell membranes. 4. Inclusion of adenosine deaminase (ADA; 1 unit ml-1) during the incubation period to measure cyclic AMP accumulation completely abolished the increase in basal accumulation following chronic ethanol, but did not affect the increase in iloprost stimulation. On the other hand ADA partially reversed the increase in forskolin stimulation following chronic ethanol, but even in the presence of high concentrations of ADA (5 units ml-1) the forskolin stimulation remained elevated above control. 5. Cells treated chronically with the adenosine receptor agonist 5'-(N-ethylcarboxamido)-adenosine (NECA; 10 microM for 48 h) displayed a reduction in subsequent NECA- and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation, but iloprost stimulation was not affected. ADA included acutely during the incubation period to measure cyclic AMP accumulation abolished the reduction in forskolin but not NECA stimulation produced by the chronic NECA pretreatment. 6. We have previously noted that ethanol inhibits NG108-15 cell proliferation and alters cell morphology.To mimic this, cells were incubated in the absence of foetal calf serum for 48 h. Following this time, basal, iloprost- and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP formation was enhanced over that in cells grown in the presence of serum.7. These results indicate that chronic ethanol enhances cyclic AMP formation in intact NG108-15 cells by more than one mechanism: one involves increased extracellular adenosine concentrations and the other a change in the transduction system beyond the receptor, possibly involving the adenylyl cyclase enzyme. Furthermore the ethanol-induced changes in cyclic AMP accumulation may relate to alterations in NG108-15 cell growth and development.
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PMID:Effects of acute and chronic ethanol on cyclic AMP accumulation in NG108-15 cells: differential dependence of changes on extracellular adenosine. 754 91

The effect of ethanol on muscarinic receptor-stimulated formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate was studied in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Stimulation with carbachol induced a biphasic increase of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate with an initial peak after 10 sec declining to a plateau phase of elevation above basal levels, which was sustained for at least 5 min in the presence of agonist. The peak, but not the plateau phase, was concentration-dependently decreased by exposure to ethanol. Maximal inhibition was obtained within 30 sec of exposure to ethanol. Ethanol caused an increase in the EC50 value of carbachol for the initial rate of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation, measured after 10 sec of stimulation, from 98 microM in the absence to 196 microM in the presence of 100 mM ethanol. The potencies of pirenzepine and hexahydro-sila-difenidol hydrochloride for inhibiting [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate binding and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation suggest that both phases are mediated via the muscarinic M1 receptor. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate inhibited both phases of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation, whereas okadaic acid and modulators of cAMP-dependent protein kinase were without any effect. There was no inhibitory effect of ethanol when protein kinase C was inhibited by H7 and calphostin C, indicating that the ethanol effect is dependent on protein kinase C activity.
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PMID:Ethanol inhibits the peak of muscarinic receptor-stimulated formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. 766 67

In the presence of substance P (SP; 10 microM), serotonin (5-HT; 1 microM) triggered a cation permeability in cells of the hybridoma (mouse neuroblastoma x rat glioma) clone NG 108-15 that could be assessed by measuring the cell capacity to accumulate [14C]guanidinium for 10-15 min at 37 degrees C. In addition to 5-HT (EC50 0.33 microM), the potent 5-HT3 receptor agonists 2-methyl-serotonin, phenylbiguanide, and m-chlorophenylbiguanide, and quipazine, markedly increased [14C]guanidinium uptake in NG 108-15 cells exposed to 10 microM SP. In contrast, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists prevented the effect of 5-HT. The correlation (r = 0.97) between the potencies of 16 different ligands to mimic or prevent the effects of 5-HT on [14C]guanidinium uptake, on the one hand, and to displace [3H]zacopride specifically bound to 5-HT3 receptors on NG 108-15 cells, on the other hand, clearly demonstrated that [14C]guanidinium uptake was directly controlled by 5-HT3 receptors. Various compounds such as inorganic cations (La3+, Mn2+, Ba2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+), D-tubocurarine, and memantine inhibited [14C]guanidinium uptake in NG 108-15 cells exposed to 5-HT and SP, as expected from their noncompetitive antagonistic properties at 5-HT3 receptors. However, ethanol (100 nM), which has been reported to potentiate the electrophysiological response to 5-HT3 receptor stimulation, prevented the effects of 5-HT plus SP on [14C]guanidinium uptake. The cooperative effect of SP on this 5-HT3-evoked response resulted neither from an interaction of the peptide with the 5-HT3 receptor binding site nor from a possible direct activation of G proteins in NG 108-15 cells. Among SP derivatives, [D-Pro9]SP, a compound inactive at the various neurokinin receptor classes, was the most potent to mimic the stimulatory effect of SP on [14C]guanidinium uptake in NG 108-15 cells exposed to 5-HT. Although the cellular mechanisms involved deserve further investigations, the 5-HT-evoked [14C]guanidinium uptake appears to be a rapid and reliable response for assessing the functional state of 5-HT3 receptors in NG 108-15 cells.
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PMID:Characteristics of [14C]guanidinium accumulation in NG 108-15 cells exposed to serotonin 5-HT3 receptor ligands and substance P. 768 66

Human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y and neuroblastoma-glioma cells NG 108-15 have been used as models for the elucidation of the effects of ethanol on receptor-mediated phospholipase C activity, c-fos mRNA expression and protein kinase C activity. Cells were exposed to ethanol (0-200 mM) for varying periods up to seven days. Agonist stimulated events were obtained in NG 108-15 cells with bradykinin and in SH-SY5Y cells with carbachol. Chronic ethanol exposure reduced the agonist-stimulated formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in NG 108-15 cells and in SH-SY5Y cells. 100 mM ethanol for seven days increased the membrane bound and cytosolic forms of protein kinase C activity in SH-SY5Y cells. Carbachol (1 mM) induced a maximal c-fos mRNA response after 40 minutes in SH-SY5Y cells, an effect that could be mimicked through protein kinase C stimulation by phorbol esters.
Alcohol Alcohol Suppl 1993
PMID:Evaluation of ethanol effects on PLC signal transduction pathways using cell lines of neuronal origin. 774 14

The effect of acute exposure to alcohols on ion current mediated by recombinant 5-HT3RA receptors transiently expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells was investigated. Cells transfected with 5-HT3RA cDNA expressed receptors with pharmacological and functional properties similar to those of native 5-HT3 receptors. Potentiation of receptor-mediated cation current was observed in the presence of ethanol (10-100 mM), butanol (0.1-20 mM), isopentanol (0.01-25 mM) and trichloroethanol (0.5-25 mM). Potentiation increased in a concentration-dependent manner until saturation was achieved for all alcohols tested. The maximal efficacies of potentiation differed among the alcohols with isopentanol > butanol = trichloroethanol > ethanol. Potentiation by butanol and isopentanol appeared to show acute tolerance such that the percent increase in current amplitude was largest upon the first of a series of alcohol applications and decreased during subsequent applications. The effect of ethanol was variable with potentiation occurring in 74% of cells examined, but not in the remaining cells. These observations indicate that the potentiating action of alcohols is similar in recombinant receptors to that previously observed in neuroblastoma cells and neurons expressing native receptors. These findings indicate that this recombinant system is suitable for studying the molecular basis of alcohol actions on the 5-HT3 receptor.
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PMID:Alcohols potentiate ion current mediated by recombinant 5-HT3RA receptors expressed in a mammalian cell line. 776 Sep 80

Acute ethanol treatment of NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells results in inhibition of adenosine uptake with consequent increases in extracellular adenosine and intracellular cAMP concentrations. Chronic exposure to ethanol, however, causes heterologous desensitization of receptors coupled to adenylyl cyclase via stimulatory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. This heterologous desensitization is correlated with a decrease in the amount of protein and mRNA for the GTP-binding subunit of stimulatory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. In addition, after chronic exposure to ethanol, the adenosine transporter becomes tolerant to acute ethanol inhibition of adenosine uptake, and there is no longer an increase in extracellular adenosine. We have previously shown that extracellular adenosine is required for the development of ethanol-induced heterologous desensitization. To examine the role of adenosine receptors in mediating these responses to ethanol, we used BW A1434U, an adenosine receptor antagonist that does not inhibit nucleoside transport. BW A1434U caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of (-)-N6-(R-phenyl-isopropyl)-adenosine-stimulated cAMP production in NG108-15 cells. BW A1434U also completely blocked acute ethanol-induced increases in intracellular cAMP levels and prevented the development of ethanol-induced heterologous desensitization and the reduction in the GTP-binding subunit of stimulatory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. In addition, BW A1434U prevented the development of tolerance to ethanol-induced inhibition of adenosine transport. Our results indicate that in NG108-15 cells, adenosine receptors mediate ethanol-induced changed in cAMP signal transduction and adenosine transport and that an adenosine receptor antagonist can block both these acute and chronic affects of ethanol.
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PMID:Adenosine receptors mediate cellular adaptation to ethanol in NG108-15 cells. 796 54

Previously we found that ethanol increases expression of the constitutive 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsc70) in NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma cells. We suggested that known ethanol actions on cellular protein trafficking may relate to Hsc70 induction because Hsc70 functions as a molecular chaperone. Here we use a subtractive hybridization protocol to isolate ethanol-responsive genes (EtRGs). Northern blot hybridization verified ethanol-induced increases in mRNA abundance for five cDNA clones isolated from ethanol-treated NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma cells. DNA sequence analysis identified one EtRG as 94-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP94), a member of the "glucose-responsive" subgroup of stress proteins. Other identified EtRGs included an insulin-induced growth-response protein gene and an intracisternal A-type particle gene. Sequence analysis of the remaining two EtRGs showed no homology in DNA sequence databases. All EtRGs showed wide tissue expression, except SL64, which was not detected in Northern blot analyses of adult mouse or rat tissues. Ethanol also increased mRNA abundance for 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), a molecular chaperone known to function in glycoprotein trafficking and usually coordinately regulated with GRP94. However, ethanol induced GRP94 more than GRP78, a pattern distinct from those of other inducers of these genes. All EtRGs, including GRP94 and GRP78, showed similar ethanol concentration-dependent increases in mRNA abundance. In contrast, thapsigargin and other inducers of glucose-responsive proteins increased GRP94 and GRP78 mRNA levels without altering expression of other EtRGs. Our studies demonstrate that several molecular chaperones constitute a subset of EtRGs. Ethanol appears to regulate these EtRGs by a unique mechanism, rather than one shared by classical inducers of stress proteins.
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PMID:Ethanol-responsive genes in neural cells include the 78-kilodalton glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and 94-kilodalton glucose-regulated protein (GRP94) molecular chaperones. 796 74

Effect of long-term exposure to ethanol (EtOH) on the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PIP2)-specific and cytosolic phospholipase C (PLC) activities in neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid (NG 108-15) cells and the brains from EtOH-inhaled mice were investigated. Long-term (2 days) exposure of NG 108-15 cells to EtOH induced significant decrease in PIP2-specific PLC activity dependent on concentration and duration of exposure, although the presence of EtOH in the enzyme assay system induced no alteration in PIP2-specific PLC activity. On the other hand, cytosolic PLC activity in NG 108-15 cells significantly increased by both the long-term exposure of the cells to EtOH and the addition of EtOH into the assay system. These changes in activities of both types of PLC in NG 108-15 cells observed after EtOH exposure recovered rapidly by the removal of EtOH. Moreover, the changes in activities of PIP2-specific and cytosolic PLC in the brain of EtOH-inhaled mice were similar to those found in NG 108-15 cells. These results indicate that EtOH inhibits the activity of PIP2-specific PLC and activates cytosolic PLC in the brain. These changes in cerebral PLC activities are suggested to involve in central action of EtOH and establishment of alcohol dependence.
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PMID:Ethanol-induced alteration in activities of cerebral phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate-specific and cytosolic phospholipase C in the brain: analysis using NG 108-15 cells and brains from ethanol-inhaled mice. 798 35

Our studies in the NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma cell line previously showed that the molecular chaperonin, Hsc70, is an ethanol-responsive gene (EtRG) regulated at the level of transcription by ethanol. We recently identified two related molecular chaperonins, GRP94 and GRP78, as EtRGs with GRP94 mRNA abundance being induced by ethanol more than three-fold vs. control. Stable transfection studies show that GRP78 transcription is also regulated by ethanol and that ethanol also potentiates GRP78 induction by classical inducing agents such as tunicamycin. Recently, we have found that ethanol induction of Hsc70 may require cis-acting promoter sequences recognized by the DNA-binding protein Sp1. Chronic ethanol exposure does not alter Sp1 DNA-binding activity, thus suggesting a possible ethanol-induced post-translational modification that activates Sp1 function. We predict that the molecular mechanisms underlying ethanol regulation of Hsc70, GRP94 and GRP78 may be similar since they have related functions. GRP94 and GRP78 (GRP94/78) are known to be induced by agents which inhibit glycoprotein processing or deplete endoplasmic reticulum stores of calcium. In turn, induction of GRP78 expression is known to selectively alter the transport of glycoproteins and produce "tolerance" to depletion of sequestered intracellular calcium. The regulation of these genes by ethanol could thus relate to the known effects of ethanol on calcium homeostasis and protein trafficking. The actions of ethanol on chaperonin gene expression may have important mechanistic implications for CNS adaptation to ethanol, particularly if other EtRGs share the same regulatory mechanisms.
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PMID:Effects of alcohol on gene expression in neural cells. 803 72


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