Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

3':5'-cGMP levels of neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells increase as much as 200-fold upon activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, resulting in intracellular cGMP concentrations greater than 600 pmol/mg of protein. The cells also have receptors for adenosine which mediate an increase in 3':5'-cAMP levels. Unexpectedly, prostaglandin E1 was found to increase the concentrations of both cGMP and cAMP. Carbamylcholine, adenosine, and PGE1 were added to cells separately and in pairs to determine the effect of one compound on cell responses to another. Reciprocal inhibition, unilateral inhibition, additive, and nonadditive responses were observed with respect to cGMP and cAMP levels when different pairs of receptors were activated simultaneously.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1975 Sep
PMID:Receptor-mediated shifts in cGMP and cAMP levels in neuroblastoma cells. 17 62

Case reports of neuroblastoma revealed that some individuals are genetically predisposed and that this genetic predisposition may have other consequences. According to a mutation model, two classes of individuals could acquire neuroblastoma. One (prezygotic) was a rare class that carried a dominant gene imparting high risk of the tumor. The other (postzygotic) comprised all other individuals, each at low risk. The model related tumor incidence to germinal and somatic mutation rates and thereby carried implications for environmental modification of tumorigenesis and demographic variation in incidence. Case reports also revealed associations of neuroblastoma with congenital defects and a susceptibility to second tumors. Analogy with retinoblastoma and Wilms' tumor of the kidney suggested that these associations could result from action of a neuroblastoma gene or from chromosomal aberration. One known dominantly inherited condition, von Recklinghausen's disease, could dispose to neuroblastoma and create some associations. According to the two-mutation model, neuroblastoma may have been a single recessive gene disorder at the level of the cell. The phenomena of aganglionosis, neuroblastoma in situ, maturation of neuroblastoma to ganglioneuroma, and spontaneous regression suggested that such a neuroblastoma gene interfered with normal developmental processes. The specificities of this gene and of those for von Recklinghausen's disease and pheochromocytoma suggested that the functiof a membrane macromolecule.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Sep
PMID:Developmental genetics of neuroblastoma. 18 2

In developing a chemotherapeutic program for children with disseminated neuroblastoma, we established three human neuroblastoma lines in cell culture to study the effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, papaverine, 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and cyclophosphamide on cell growth, biochemical behavior, and morphology. Based upon our studies, a clinical treatment program was designed. We have treated 15 patients with disseminated neuroblastoma and have established the optimum dose range and sequence of these drugs. Early results were promising; plans for continuation of clinical and experimental studies were discussed.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Sep
PMID:A rationale for the treatment of metastatic neuroblastoma. 18 4

Mycophenolic acid, an inhibitor of inosinate dehydrogenase, had cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on cultured neuroblastoma cells. Proliferation was inhibited by 50% when cells were incubated with 0.07 micrometerM mycophenolic acid, and cell viability was reduced by 83% when cells were treated with 10 micrometerM mycophenolic acid for 24 hr. Treatment of monolayer cultures with mycophenolic acid reduced intracellular concentrations of guanosine triphosphate by 70% within 3 hr, whereas cytidine triphosphate and uridine triphosphate concentrations were significantly elevated, and adenosine triphosphate concentrations were increased only slightly. Reduction of cellular guanine nucleotides had differential effects on rates of macromolecular synthesis: incorporation of radioactive thymidine into acid-insoluble material was inhibited by mycophenolic acid to a much greater extent than was that of adenosine and leucine. Although proliferation of neuroblastoma cells was inhibited, differentiation, as judged by formation of neuronlike processes in serum-free medium, was unaffected by decreased intracellular concentrations of guanosine triphosphate.
Cancer Res 1977 Sep
PMID:Biological effects of inhibition of guanine nucleotide synthesis by mycophenolic acid in cultured neuroblastoma cells. 19 25

Three infants with congenital neuroblastoma received a primary series of diptheria-pertassis-tetanus (DPT) immunizations during and after courses of chemotherapy with immunosuppressive medications. Serum IgG, IgA and IgM levels and antidiphthria and antitetanus antibody responses were measured and compared with those of normal infants of similar age. Protective levels of antibody were achieved by the study patients as well as by the control group. These results support the view that children with malignancies who are receiving chemotherapy should not be denied immunization with inactivated vaccines.
Cancer 1977 Sep
PMID:Antibody responses in normal infants and in infants receiving chemotherapy for congenital neuroblastoma. 19 94

L-Asparagine is necessary and sufficient for the maximal induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) (L-ornithine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.17) activity in confluent N18 mouse neuroblastoma cells in a salts/glucose medium; L-asparagine also induces maximal ODC activity when added to a tissue culture medium. L-Glutamine is about one-half as effective as asparagine. Cholera toxin and agents that are known to raise intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations have no effect on the induction of ODC activity unless suboptimal concentrations of asparagine are present in the salts/glucose medium. Whereas actinomycin D does not inhibit induction of ODC activity by asparagine, it inhibits the induction of ODC activity in association with cyclic AMP. In the salts/glucose medium, the rate of loss of ODC activity following the inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide or puromycin depends upon the presence or absence of asparagine; loss is rapid only in the absence of asparagine and does not appear to be related to the inhibition of protein synthesis. These results are discussed in the context that the overlay of the growth medium tends to mask the minimal requirements for enzyme induction, because the composition of the medium defines: (a) the requirements for the induction of ODC activity; (b) the effect, or lack of effect, of cyclic AMP (and of inducers of intracellular cyclic AMP) on the induction of ODC activity; (c) the effect, or lack of effect, of actinomycin D on the induction of ODC activity; and (d) the action of puromycin and of cycloheximide on the rate of loss of ODC activity. It will be interesting to determine whether these results are uniquely applicable to ODC, whether many of the reactions attributed to cyclic AMP in the literature may be mediated by asparagine and glutamine, and whether actinomycin D, cycloheximide, and puromycin can be relied upon to differentiate between transcriptional and post-transcriptional control.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1977 Sep
PMID:Enzyme regulation in neuroblastoma cells in a salts/glucose medium: induction of ornithine decarboxylase by asparagine and glutamine. 19 3

Differentiation ability of neuroblastoma cells was studied in vitro, light and electron microscopically using three continuously cultured cell lines (NB-1, GOTO, and YT-nu) of human origin. The cells ordinarily cultured appeared to differentiate along directions of both ganglionic and paraganglionic characterized by cytoplasmic catecholamine granules measuring 150 to 250 treatment with But2cAMP in NB-1 and YT-nu cells, but GOTO cells revealed only one-directed differentiation along ganglionic cell regardless of But2cAMP conditioning. Morphological and functional differentiation of mouse and human neuroblastoma cells in vitro, conversion of rat phenochromocytoma cells into sympathetic neurons in vitro, and ultrastructural differentiation of human neuroblastoma in vivo were discussed. In conclusion, neuroblastoma might be derived from a primitive stem cell of neural crest origin which possesses the pluripotency to be capable of differentiating along the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and other neural crest derivatives under certain conditions.
Acta Pathol Jpn 1977 Sep
PMID:Differentiation of human neuroblastoma cells in vitro--morphological changes induced by dibutyrl cyclic AMP. 20 Nov 51

The development of (Na+ + K+) ATPase, carbonic anhydrase and HCO3--stimulated ATPase activity was studied in developing rat brain in vivo, and in primary astrocyte cultures from 1--3-day-old rat brain as a function of increasing cell growth. The primary cultures showed an increase in all the above enzyme activities during cell growth, with time courses which were qualitatively similar to their development in vivo. Cell cultures grown separately from the cerebellum plus brain stem regions showed greater carbonic anhydrase activity than cerebral cultures over the entire 4-week growth period, corresponding to development of this activity in these same regions in vivo, HCO3-stimulated ATPase activity was slightly greater in cerebellar cultures and (Na+ + K+) ATPase activity was greater in cerebral cultures up to the second week of growth, resembling development of the same enzyme activities in vivo. C6 glioma and neuroblastoma cells showed no and 10-fold lower carbonic anhydrase activities respectively, compared to the primary astrocyte cultures. Addition of 1 mM N6-2'-O-dibutyryladenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (DBcAMP) in the presence of serum caused marked formation of cellular processes and increased carbonic anhydrase and (Na+ + K+) ATPase activity. Maximum effects were found 2 h after addition of 1 mM DBcAMP and thereafter declined. In the absence of serum such effects persisted for at least 24 h. Electron microscope studies showed large numbers of microtubule (approximately 20 nm diameter) and filamentous structures (less than or equal to 10 nm diameter) in the cytoplasm, which showed changes in distribution in cells treated with DBcAMP. This study suggests that the increase in ATPase and carbonic anhydrase activities in rat brain with increasing age may be in part a reflection of proliferation and development of astroglia cells. Together with the morphological data, it also provides additional evidence that primary cultures derived from neonatal rats may closely resemble developing astroglia in vivo.
Brain Res 1978 Sep 15
PMID:Enzymatic and morphological properties of primary rat brain astrocyte cultures, and enzyme development in vivo. 20 76

Sixteen patients with abdominal neuroblastoma had 99m Technetium Phosphate Compounds (99m TC-PC) bone scans as a preoperative evaluation for metastatic disease. Ten patients (62%) had extraosseous tumor uptake while six patients (38%) did not. There was no difference in the incidence of tumor calcification, tumor necrosis or hydronephrosis in the two groups. However, VMA levels were significantly higher in the group with extraosseous tumor uptake. Various bone seeking radionuclides are compared to 99m TC-PC and possible mechanism for extraosseous uptake of such radionuclides are postulated. Awareness of the frequency of such uptake should reduce the possibility of errors in the interpretation of bone scans in patients with neuroblastoma.
Pediatr Radiol 1978 Sep 26
PMID:Extraosseous tumor uptake of 99m technetium phosphate compounds in children with abdominal neuroblastoma. 21 61

The effect of polyamines on the cellular concentrations of cyclic AMP was studied. It was shown that 1 microM-spermine caused a decrease in cyclic AMP in chick-embryo heart cells, chick-embryo fibroblasts, neuroblastoma, glioma and neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid cells, grown in culture. A similar decrease was observed when polyamines were added to cells in the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor or after stimulating the cells with various hormones. Noradrenaline was used in cultures of heart cells, prostaglandin E1 and adenosine for neuroblastoma and neuroblastoma-glioma hybrids, whereas isoproterenol was used for the stimulation of glioma cells. Polyamines at higher concentrations were either without effect or caused a slight increase in cyclic AMP. Spermidine (10 microM) also caused a decrease in cellular cyclic AMP, as did 0.1 microM-putrescine. It is suggested that the effect of polyamines on cellular cyclic AMP may be explained by the effect of these polycations on the activity of cellular phosphodiesterase.
Biochem J 1979 Sep 15
PMID:Polyamines and cellular adenosine 3' :5'-cyclic monophosphate. 22 23


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