Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to clone the D1 dopamine receptor linked to adenylyl cyclase activation, the polymerase chain reaction was used with highly degenerate primers to selectively amplify a cDNA sequence from NS20Y neuroblastoma cell mRNA. This amplification produced a cDNA fragment exhibiting considerable sequence homology to guanine nucleotide-binding (G)-protein-coupled receptors that have been cloned previously. To characterize this cDNA further, a full-length clone was isolated from a rat striatal library by using the cDNA fragment as a probe. Sequence analysis of this cDNA clone indicated that it is indeed a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family and exhibits greatest homology with the previously cloned catecholamine receptors. Northern blot analysis of various neural tissues revealed a transcript of approximately 4 kb that was predominantly located in the striatum with lesser amounts in the cortex and retina. In contrast, no mRNA was detected in the cerebellum, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, mesencephalon, or pituitary. In situ hybridization analysis also revealed a high abundance of mRNA in the striatum as well as in the olfactory tubercle. To establish the identity of this cDNA, we performed transient expression experiments in COS-7 cells. [3H]SCH-23390, a D1-selective radioligand, exhibited specific, saturable binding only in cells that were transfected with this cDNA. Competition binding analysis with a variety of dopaminergic ligands demonstrated a D1 dopaminergic pharmacology. In addition, dopamine as well as other D1-selective agonists stimulated cAMP accumulation in transfected COS-7 cells. We conclude that we have cloned a cDNA encoding the D1 dopamine receptor linked to the activation of adenylyl cyclase activity.
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PMID:Molecular cloning and expression of a D1 dopamine receptor linked to adenylyl cyclase activation. 216 56

Three cases of spontaneous olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) in domestic cats were morphologically and immunocytochemically characterized. Diagnostic light microscopic features included Flexner and Homer-Wright rosettes, while ultrastructurally the cells had neuritic processes, intracellular intermediate filaments, and intercellular junctions. Immunocytochemically, the tumors stained positively for neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratins, and S-100 protein antigens. In each case, a key finding was the identification of numerous mature type C retroviral particles within the tumors. In one case, budding of viral particles from the plasmalemma of tumor cells suggested the source of mature particles. This cat and one other were tested, and both were serologically positive for feline leukemia virus (FeLV). The virus in the tumors was identified as FeLV by polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. No other neoplasms were found in any of the cats, nor was there similar evidence of active viral infection in other non-tumor tissues, including the brain. Although the relationship between FeLV infection and ONB is uncertain, our findings indicate that FeLV should be investigated as an etiologic agent of ONB.
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PMID:Type C retroviral expression in spontaneous feline olfactory neuroblastomas. 217 30

Nineteen cases with malignant tumors in the nasal cavities have been treated at the department of otolaryngology, Yokoharma City University, during the 10 years from 1978 to 1987. 1. Cases were 8 males and 11 females, and their ages ranged from 27 to 84 years (Mean age: 64.6). 2. In the histological classification, 9 cases were the epithelial malignant tumors (squamous cell carcinoma 5; adenoid cystic carcinoma 2; transitional cell carcinoma 1; malignant pleomorphic adenoma 1), 9 cases were non-epithelial malignant tumors (malignant melanoma 6; malignant lymphoma 2; olfactory neuroblastoma 1), and one case was unclassified malignant tumor. 3. Cases with epithelial malignant tumors showed better prognosis after treatment of surgical and radiation therapy. But those of non-epithelial malignant tumor were worse. 4. A very rare case with malignant pleomorphic adenoma, originated at the lateral nasal wall was reported and its clinical features and treatment were discussed. This tumor has not been reported up to the present in Japan.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of malignant tumors in the nasal cavity]. 217 85

Olfactory neuroblastomas are rare tumors whose clinical prognosis is not predictable by assessment of initial stage or grade. The pathologic diagnosis is often difficult because of the wide range of the patient's age and histologies. In this report, we document that the diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma can be clarified by immunohistochemical demonstration of a unique antigenic profile that can be obtained in routinely processed biopsies. We describe four cases of olfactory neuroblastoma diagnosed and treated from 1979 to 1989, each confirmed by immunohistology. One of our patients was misdiagnosed twice at an outside institution, first as having nasopharyngeal carcinoma and then as having small-cell, undifferentiated "oat cell" carcinoma. Despite accurate tumor diagnosis and appropriate therapy, we found that there was no apparent correlation of clinical outcome with Kadish clinical stage or histologic grade of tumor.
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PMID:Olfactory neuroblastoma: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of four representative cases. 221 35

Clinical and radiological findings in seven cases of olfactory neuroblastoma are reviewed and discussed in the light of the international literature. The report provides further evidence of difficulties related to the predictability of the condition's clinical course, diagnosis, and therapeutic consequences. Moreover, the lack of uniform CCT and NMR features indicates that the discussion about the genesis, the biological action, the terminology, and therapy of these tumors has not yet reached a conclusion.
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PMID:[Olfactory neuroblastoma--tumor entity or complex clinical picture?]. 222 91

Nasal olfactory neuroblastoma and other malignant neoplasms showing spherical cell are easily confused in clinical and pathological diagnosis. We have made immunohistochemical staining in 7 olfactory neuroblastoma cases. Results showed that they were all positively stained by NSE, and negatively by keratin, leucocyte common antigen, desmin and S-100 protein (except 1 positive by desmin). We believe that the olfactory neuroblastoma cells are uniform morphologically. The cells are round, elliptic, having scant cytoplasm; with coarse or fine chromatin. Neurofibers can be found among tumor cells. Their histological structures vary greatly. They may form nest or garland, and they may also form striation, cleft or discrete structure; but rosette or pseudo-rosette structure is uncommon.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological features and immunohistological diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma]. 225 15

The authors present five cases of olfactory neuroblastoma with intracranial extension operated on in the Department of Neurosurgery in collaboration with otorhinolaryngologists. This tumor is most frequently reported as growing inside the nasal cavities, and it can extend to the paranasal sinuses. Cases presenting initially as intracranial tumors have been infrequently reported. At present, histological diagnosis of this tumor is aided by the use of electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Total resection combined with radiation therapy remains the most satisfactory treatment.
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PMID:Esthesioneuroblastoma with intracranial extension. 225 15

Two patients presented with primary meningiomas arising in the paranasal sinuses. Despite nonspecific symptoms, both patients had extensive local clinical disease. One patient had a lateral rhinotomy with total removal of tumor; he has remained well for 3 years. The second patient, who was not a surgical candidate because of her cerebrovascular disease, was identified retrospectively. Her tumor was not originally studied using current day morphologic methods. She was irradiated following a diagnosis of malignant tumor. The histologic features of nasal meningioma are similar to those of conventional intracranial lesions, including nuclear pseudoinclusions. Although the unusual location may suggest carcinoma, melanoma, or olfactory neuroblastoma, adjunctive use of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry can be combined to arrive at the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Meningioma of the paranasal sinuses. A report of two cases. 229 84

In spite of the recent and substantial improvements in MR technique, some problems still exist relative to its applications in routine clinical exams in pediatric ophthalmology. The main problems are: inadequate MR equipment, long examination time, and MR inability to demonstrate intraocular calcifications. Ocular and orbital ultrasound (US) studies are highly operator-dependent, and US utility has been especially described in evaluating ocular, but not orbital, lesions. In order to verify the actual role of CT in pediatric ophthalmology, the CT scans of 58 children with ophthalmologic pathologies, performed over a 2-year period, were reviewed and compared with definitive diagnoses. Seven separate CT findings for each pathologic condition were independently analyzed and correlated with histology. In agreement with other CT series, optic nerve gliomas were invariably intraconal, whereas histiocytosis-X, Ewing's sarcoma, olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma), metastatic neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma were extra-conal. Rhabdomyosarcoma, principally extraconal, frequently involved the intraconal and preseptal spaces, with permeative destruction of the osseous orbit and frequent intra/extracranial spread. Orbital spread was mainly observed in vascular tumors. CT showed great accuracy in evaluating punctuate calcifications in retinoblastomas and in metastatic neuroblastomas, and bone fragments within a zone of destruction in histiocytosis-X. Various characteristics of CT attenuation values were observed in pathologic tissues, and high attenuation and marked contrast enhancement were particularly observed in metastatic neuroblastomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. In congenital orbital abnormalities and inflammatory diseases, CT readily detected ocular malformations (microphthalmos and colobomata).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Current role of CT in pediatric ophthalmology]. 231 23

The clinicopathologic and ultrastructural studies of 12 cases of olfactory neuroblastoma were made. The ages of patients ranged from 2 to 58 years with a mean of 32. Eleven cases occurred in men and 1 case in woman. An acidophilic fibrillary intercytoplasmic background was present in every case. Its amount varied focally. Ultrastructurally, the acidophilic fibrillary background was composed of neuronal cell processes. Homer-Wright rosettes were found in 7 cases, Flexner type rosettes in 4 cases, 3 of which shared both Homer-Wright and Flexner type rosettes. Almost all cases with rosettes also had apparent acidophilic fibrillary intercytoplasmic background. So, we think that acidophilic fibrillary intercytoplasmic background was the most useful diagnostic feature by light microscopic observation. The diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma by electron microscopy was mainly based on neuronal processes, neurosecretory granules, microtubules, neurofilaments, synaptic-like junctions and occasionally both microvilli and olfactory vesicles at the luminal borders of Flexner type rosettes.
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PMID:[Clinicopathologic and ultrastructural studies of olfactory neuroblastoma]. 239 Nov 3


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