Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A "recptor unit" for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which includes brainlike receptor binding sites for tritium-labeled GABA and benzodiazepines (diazepam, clonazepam, and flunitrazepam) and a thermostable endogenous protein (GABA modulin) that inhibits both GABA and benzodiazepine binding, has been demonstrated in membranes prepared from NB2a neuroblastoma and C6 glioma clonal cell lines. In these cells, as in brain, diazepam (1 micromolar) prevents the effect of GABA modulin, and in turn GABA (0.oma and, to a lesser extent, the glioma cells represent a suitable model to study the interactions and the sequence of membrane and intracellular events triggered by the stimulation of benzodiazepine and GABA receptors.
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PMID:GABA receptors in clonal cell lines: a model for study of benzodiazepine action at molecular level. 46 92

The metabolism of putrescine in neuroblastoma and glioma cells was analyzed during culture. In the former cells the formation of gamma-aminobutyric acid from putrescine was low and constant during the logarithmic phase and increased dramatically during the stationary phase or in cultures with low serum concentrations, while in the latter cells it was low and constant throughout culture. The formation of spermidine from putrescine in both cell lines was active at days 1-2 of culture and decreased gradually during culture. These findings indicate that spermidine formation is closely related to proliferation of the cells, and gamma-aminobutyric acid formation to differentiation or maturation of the neuroblastoma cells.
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PMID:Metabolism of putrescine in neuroblastoma and glioma cells during culture. 92 85

Two clonal immortalized neurons designated CL8c4.7 and CL8a5.2 were established by somatic cell fusion between a hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase-(HPRT-) deficient neuroblastoma N18TG2 and newborn mouse cerebellar/brain stem neurons. In the serum-containing medium without extra differentiating agents, both clones exhibited a morphology of differentiated neurons. They contained high levels of glutamate but no gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The CL8a5.2 clone synthesized choline acetyltransferase and serotonin. In immunocytochemical studies, both clones expressed 200 kD neurofilament protein, neuron-specific enolase, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), tau protein, neuronal cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), HNK-1, Thy-1.2, saxitoxin-binding sodium channel protein, and glutamate. Synaptophysin immunoreactivity was identified in the neuritic terminals of CL8c4.7 cells. Most of these antigens were barely detectable on N18TG2 cells. Electrophysiologically, both clones generated action potentials in response to electrical stimuli. The hybrid clones that express characteristics of differentiated neurons derived from the cerebellar and brain stem regions might be invaluable for the study of the molecular basis of neuronal differentiation and degeneration in these regions.
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PMID:Establishment of mouse-immortalized hybrid clones expressing characteristics of differentiated neurons derived from the cerebellar and brain stem regions. 135 6

1. The M-like current IK(M,ng) in differentiated NG108-15 mouse neuroblastoma x rat glioma hybrid cells has been studied using tight-seal, whole-cell patch-clamp recording. 2. When calculated from steady-state current-voltage curves, the conductance underlying IK(M,ng) showed a Boltzmann dependence on voltage with half-activation voltage Vo = -44 mV (in 3 mM [K+]) and slope factor (a) = 8.1 mV/e-fold increase in conductance. In 12 mM [K+] Vo = -38 mV and a = 6.9 mV. The deactivation reciprocal time constant accelerated with hyperpolarization with slope factor 17 mV/e-fold voltage change. 3. The reversal potential for deactivation tail currents varied with external [K+] as if PNa/PK were 0.005. 4. Steady-state current was increased on removing external Ca2+. In the presence of external Ca2+, reactivation of IK(M, ng) after a hyperpolarizing step was delayed. This delay was preceded by an inward Ca2+ current, and coincided with an increase in intracellular [Ca2+] as measured with Indo-1 fluorescence. Elevation of intracellular [Ca2+] with caffeine also reduced IK(M, ng). 5. IK(M, ng) was inhibited by external divalent cations in decreasing order of potency (mM IC50 in parentheses): Zn2+ (0.011) greater than Cu2+ (0.018) greater than Cd2+ (0.070) greater than Ni2+ (0.44) greater than Ba2+ (0.47) greater than Fe2+ (0.69) greater than Mn2+ (0.86) greater than Co2+ (0.92) greater than Ca2+ (5.6) greater than Mg2+ (16) greater than Sr2+ (33). This was not secondary to inhibition of ICa since: (i) inhibition persisted in Ca(2+)-free solution; (ii) La3+ did not inhibit IK(M, ng) at concentrations which inhibited ICa; and (iii) organic Ca2+ channel blockers were ineffective. Inhibition comprised both depression of the maximum conductance and a positive shift of the activation curve. Addition of Ca2+ (10 microM free [Ca2+]) or Ba2+ (1 mM total [Ba2+]) to the pipette solution did not significantly change IK(M, ng). 6. IK(M, ng) was reduced by 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine (IC50 8 microM) and quinine (30 microM) but was insensitive to tetraethylammonium (IC50 greater than 30 mM), 4-aminopyridine (greater than 10 mM), apamin (greater than 3 microM) or dendrotoxin (greater than 100 nM). 7. IK(M, ng) was inhibited by bradykinin (1-10 microM) or angiotensin II (1-10 microM), but not by the following other receptor agonists: acetylcholine (10 mM), muscarine (10 microM), noradrenaline (100 microM), adrenaline (100 microM), dopamine (100 microM), histamine (100 microM), 5-hydroxytryptamine (10 microM), Met-enkephalin (1 microM), glycine (100 microM), gamma-aminobutyric acid (100 microM) or baclofen (500 microM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Kinetic and pharmacological properties of the M-current in rodent neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells. 140 9

The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)3 receptor blocking properties of YM060, [(R)-5-[(1-methyl-3-indolyl)carbonyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H- benzimidazole hydrochloride], were examined by electrophysiological and radioligand binding studies. Results were compared with those for ondansetron, granisetron and the enantiomer (S-form) of YM060. 5-HT and 2-methyl-5-HT, a selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, induced dose-dependent depolarizations of rabbit nodose ganglion with ED50 values of 24.0 (19.9-29.1) and 40.1 (30.9-52.1) nmol, respectively (geometric mean, 95% CL). YM060, ondansetron, granisetron and the S-form dose-dependently inhibited 5-HT-induced depolarizations with IC50 values of 3.85 (2.47-5.98), 1.55 (1.26-1.91), 1.45 (1.18-1.79) and 13.5 (11.2-16.2) nM, respectively. Methysergide, a 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, at a concentration of 10(-5) M had no effect on responses to 5-HT. YM060 up to 10(-5) M produced no significant depression of depolarizing responses to 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide and gamma-aminobutyric acid. YM060, ondansetron, granisetron and the S-form displaced specific binding of [3H]GR65630 to N1E-115 neuroblastoma cell membranes with Ki values of 0.091 (0.086-0.097), 7.03 (5.96-8.01), 2.02 (1.74-2.30) and 10.3 (9.96-10.6) nM, respectively. These results show that YM060, compared with ondansetron and granisetron, has considerably higher affinity for 5-HT3 receptors in N1E-115 cells and slightly less potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonistic activity in rabbit nodose ganglion. Moreover, the isomeric activity ratio (R-form/S-form) was approximately 112 in N1E-115 cells and no greater than 4 in the ganglion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Characterization of YM060, a potent and selective 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor antagonist, in rabbit nodose ganglion and N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells. 146 24

This study characterizes free fatty acid release in a neuroblastoma cell line (Neuro-2A), a potential model system for the study of factors that control phospholipase A2 in neurons. Two compounds, bicuculline (an antagonist at gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors), and A23187 (a Ca2+ ionophore), were examined. The release of endogenous fatty acids and the turnover of radiolabeled arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids were measured. The cells actively incorporated radiolabeled fatty acids into various glycerolipid pools. Both endogenous fatty acids and radiolabeled fatty acids were released from glycerolipids in a time-dependent manner. Phosphatidylcholine was a major source of released fatty acids. Release of free fatty acids was markedly stimulated by both bicuculline and A23187. We conclude that the Neuro-2A cells contain phospholipase activity that is sensitive to Ca2+ ionophore and bicuculline, and may provide a good system for further studies on the regulation of phospholipase A2 in neurons.
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PMID:Bicuculline induces free fatty acid release from phospholipids in neuro-2A cells in culture. 183 5

In neuronal cells, opioid peptides and opiates inhibit neurotransmitter release, which is a calcium-dependent process. They also inhibit adenylyl cyclase, presumably via the membrane signal-transducing component, Gi, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein). No causal relationship between these two events has yet been demonstrated. Besides Gi, membranes of neuronal tissues contain large amounts of Go, a G-protein with unknown function. Both G-proteins are heterotrimers consisting of alpha-, beta- and gamma-subunits; the alpha-subunits can be ADP-ribosylated by an exotoxin from Bordetella pertussis (PT), which modification inhibits receptor-mediated activation of the G-protein. It was recently shown that noradrenaline, dopamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibit the voltage-dependent calcium channels in dorsal root and sympathetic ganglia; this inhibition is mimicked by intracellular application of guanine nucleotides and blocked by PT, suggesting the involvement of a G-protein. Here we report an inhibitory effect of the opioid D-Ala2, D-Leu5-enkephalin (DADLE) on the calcium current (ICa) in neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid cells (N X G cells). Pretreatment with PT almost completely abolishes the DADLE effect. The effect is restored by intracellular application of Gi and Go. As the alpha-subunit of Go (with or without beta-gamma complex) is 10 times more potent than Gi, we propose that Go is involved in the functional coupling of opiate receptors to neuronal voltage-dependent calcium channels.
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PMID:The GTP-binding protein, Go, regulates neuronal calcium channels. 243 90

The mouse neuroblastoma--Chinese hamster brain hybrid cell line NCB-20 is the only clonal cell line in which binding studies indicate the presence of phencyclidine (PCP) receptors. We report here that Xenopus oocytes injected with NCB-20 cell poly(A)+ RNA express N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-activated channels and that these channels include the PCP receptor site. In injected oocytes, NMDA application evoked a partially desensitizing inward current that was potentiated by glycine, blocked by the competitive antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, blocked by Mg2+ and by Zn2+, and blocked in a use-dependent manner by the PCP receptor ligands PCP and MK-801. There was little or no response to kainate or quisqualate (agonists of the other excitatory amino acid receptors), to gamma-aminobutyric acid (an inhibitory transmitter), or to glycine (an inhibitory transmitter as well as an allosteric potentiator of NMDA channels). Thus, NMDA/PCP receptors expressed from NCB-20 cell mRNA exhibit properties similar to those of the neuronal receptors. The absence of expression of other excitatory amino acid receptors in this system makes it particularly useful for study of NMDA-evoked responses without interference from responses mediated by other receptors. Moreover, NCB-20 mRNA may be an appropriate starting material for cloning the cDNA(s) encoding the NMDA/PCP-receptor complex.
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PMID:mRNA from NCB-20 cells encodes the N-methyl-D-aspartate/phencyclidine receptor: a Xenopus oocyte expression study. 253 82

Membranes from the neuroblastoma x embryonic retina cell hybrid cell line, N18-RE-105, bind L-[3H]glutamate with a pharmacologic profile consistent with a 'quisqualate-type' brain L-glutamate receptor. We describe here the cytotoxic effect of L-glutamate receptor agonists on intact N18-RE-105 cells. Cytotoxicity was quantitated by measurement of the release of the cytosolic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, into the culture medium after addition of L-glutamate and its analogs to the cell culture medium. L-Glutamate (10 mM) and its confirmationally restricted analogs, quisqualate (1 mM) and ibotenate (10 mM), caused cell lysis. In contrast, similar analogs which do not bind to N18-RE-105 cell membranes (kainic acid, N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid) were not cytotoxic. L-Glutamate-induced cytotoxicity was eliminated when calcium-free medium was used. Addition of inorganic or organic calcium channel antagonists also reduced the cytotoxicity of L-glutamate, even when 1.8 mM calcium was present in the medium. Cadmium chloride (10 microM) completely blocked L-glutamate toxicity, whereas manganese chloride (150 microM) and lanthanum chloride (25 microM) reduced toxicity by greater than 50%. Dihydropyridine voltage-sensitive calcium channel agonists or antagonists, had little or no significant effect on L-glutamate-induced toxicity. In contrast, the verapamil derivatives, D600 and D888, and the diltiazem derivative, MDL 12,330A reduced L-glutamate toxicity by greater than 50%. These results suggest that a subtype of voltage-sensitive calcium channels is involved in the mechanism of L-glutamate receptor mediated cytotoxicity in this cell line.
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PMID:Calcium-dependent glutamate cytotoxicity in a neuronal cell line. 289 63

The human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE can be induced to differentiate by retinoic acid (RA) or by alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). The former inducer produces neurite outgrowth, 60% reduction of growth rate, overexpression of neural antigens, and enhanced gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acetylcholinesterase levels. In contrast, DFMO causes cell body elongation, complete growth inhibition, and higher binding of antibodies directed against neuroectodermal antigens. Polyamine metabolism is also differently affected by the two agents. In particular a large spermine catabolism is induced by RA, while DFMO treatment leads to a small increase in the level of this compound. The neural differentiation induced by RA is accompanied by a marked increase in transglutaminase activity and its induction is paralleled by a transient increase of putrescine and spermidine. The putrescine and spermidine depletion determined by DFMO is accompanied instead by a large inhibition of transglutaminase activity. The inhibiting effect of DFMO treatment on transglutaminase is reversed by the addition of 1 mM putrescine to the culture medium. In the presence of both RA and DFMO a mixed morphological and biochemical pattern is observed. The possibility that the expression of transglutaminase associated to cellular differentiation may be modulated by the level of its substrates is also discussed.
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PMID:Correlation between transglutaminase activity and polyamine levels in human neuroblastoma cells. Effect of retinoic acid and alpha-difluoromethylornithine. 290 30


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