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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of high concentrations of CO2 on experimental murine neuroblastoma tumor were studied. Similar to the experience with the animal model of Wilms' tumor, the local growth of this neuroblastoma model was not affected by concentrations of 76% and 55% of CO2 applied for 10 and 30 minutes. The tumor bearing animals exposed to different CO2 concentrations tended to develop metastases more frequently than the control groups, although no change in survival was noted. Different animals and additional tumor models could be used by others to study the effects of different CO2 concentrations at different exposure times.
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PMID:A study of the effect of CO2 on experimental neuroblastoma. 67 22

Cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells were grown in air-CO2 or air-CO2-halothane-gassed incubators. In the presence of halothane the growth rate of the cells was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner; 2 per cent halothane completely inhibited cell growth, while at 0.3 per cent halothane, the growth rate was 74 per cent of the control rate. The biosynthesis of protein and RNA in cells grown in the control atmosphere and that in cells grown in 1 per cent halothane were compared by several techniques. No significant difference between the rates of synthesis of these two macromolecules could be detected. Furthermore, a comparison of labeled protein and RNA by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed no qualitative difference. From this and previous work it is concluded that halothane affects the morphology and growth rate of cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells by disrupting cytoplasmic actin-like micro-filaments.
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PMID:Cultured neuroblastoma cells and halothane: effects on cell growth and macromolecular synthesis. 83 44

Mouse neuroblastoma cells (N18) were immobilized in calcium-alginate gel beads. Under standard culture conditions (37 degrees C; 5% CO2), cell growth was observed inside the beads. The number of cells increased threefold during 7 days of culture with cell division and differentiation visualized by electron microscopy. Cell properties maintained after short-term storage (2-3 days at 4 degrees C) included: (i) properties of voltage-dependent ionic channels tested by patch-clamp electrophysiological techniques; (ii) expression of cell-adhesion membrane proteins tested by immunohistochemistry (iii) morphological differentiation obtained by depletion of foetal calf serum in culture medium. The advantages of such an immobilization technique as applied to neurone cells are discussed.
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PMID:Storage and growth of neuroblastoma cells immobilized in calcium-alginate beads. 136 47

Treatment of neuroblastoma in children consists of primary excision with adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. When the tumor invades surrounding structures that cannot be safely excised or when distant metastasis is present, the patient has a poor prognosis. Because the CO2 laser can be used to excise malignant tumors without seeding the surrounding tissue and because the defocused beam can vaporize malignant cells, we compared partial scalpel excision and partial laser excision of C1300 murine neuroblastoma to the growth rate of residual tumor. In 25 mice, 75% of the tumor was excised with a scalpel, and in another 25, the same percentage was excised with the CO2 laser (10 W). CO2 laser excision significantly decreases the growth of residual neuroblastoma (P less than .01). However, the effect appears to be a function of increased tumor immunogenicity after laser excision rather than the increased tumor kill. We conclude that CO2 laser excision of neuroblastoma may prove to be superior to scalpel excision for primary surgical treatment of neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Beneficial effects following carbon dioxide laser excision on experimental neuroblastoma. 249 3

The toxicity of single and multiple fire gases is studied to determine whether the toxic effects of the combustion products from materials can be explained by the toxicological interactions (as indicated by lethality) of the primary fire gases or if minor, more obscure gases need to be considered. LC50 values for Fischer-344 rats have been calculated for the individual gases, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), or decreased oxygen (O2), for 30-min exposures plus relevant postexposure periods using the NBS Toxicity Test Method. Combination experiments with CO and HCN indicate that they act in an additive manner. Synergistic effects have been found when the animals are exposed to certain combinations of CO and carbon dioxide (CO2). Five percent CO2 raised the threshold for deaths due to hypoxia and decreased the LC50 of HCN. Decreasing the O2 concentration in the presence of various mixtures of the other major fire gases increased the toxicity even further. A comparison of the concentrations of the major combustion products generated from a number of polymeric materials at their LC50 (30-min exposure plus 14-day postexposure) values with the combined pure gas results indicates that, in most cases, the observed toxicity may be explained by the toxicological interactions of the examined primary toxic fire gases. These results provide necessary information for the computer model currently being developed at the Center for Fire Research to predict the toxic hazard that people will experience under various fire scenarios.
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PMID:Effects of exposure to single or multiple combinations of the predominant toxic gases and low oxygen atmospheres produced in fires. 282 Aug 22

Our laboratory has recently been involved in investigating factors which influence plasticity of neurotransmitter phenotypic expression both in vivo and in culture. Our previous studies have shown that precursor neuroblasts are pluripotential with respect to neurotransmitter phenotype and respond differentially to microenvironmental signals. In the present study, we examined phenotypic expression in neuroblastoma cells, P2 clone, using the activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) as neuronal markers for the cholinergic and catecholaminergic phenotypes, respectively. Cells were plated and grown for 4 days in culture, harvested and frozen for assay of ChAT and TH. Basal activity of ChAT was 2.47 +/- 0.22 nmoles Ach formed /h/mg protein and that of TH was 5.23 +/- 0.41 pmoles CO2 formed /h/mg protein in control cultures. When intracellular cAMP levels were increased by addition to the growth medium of 10 micrograms/ml prostaglandin E1 (PGE1; a receptor-mediated enhancer of adenylate cyclase activity) or 200 micrograms/ml RO20-1724 (an inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase) the activity of TH was increased 340- and 423-fold, respectively. In marked contrast, the activity of ChAT was not affected by either agent. Double staining immunocytochemical examination demonstrated that both ChAT and TH were colocalized in the same cell. The molecular mechanism whereby catecholaminergic expression exclusively is affected in this cell model is currently under investigation. We conclude that (1) P2 neuroblastoma is a pluripotential cell line, (2) phenotypic expression in a homogenous cell population, such as P2 neuroblastoma, is differentially regulated. Moreover, this cell line is a unique model for studying the molecular mechanisms of phenotypic expression and neuronal plasticity.
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PMID:Differential regulation of phenotypic expression in a pluripotential neuroblastoma cell line. 792 54

Isolation of rabies street virus from brains of animals with rabies was performed on cells of mouse neuroblastoma, infecting cells with suspension of tested brain tissue diluted 1:10, incubating at 37 degrees C in standard incubator (culture in Legroux bottles and Leighton tubes with rubber stoppers) and in 37 degrees C in an incubator with moist chamber and regulated flow of carbon dioxide (Mirco-Well plates, bottom-flat tubes, bottles produced by Nuc, 25-chamber plates produced by Flow). The main conditions for obtaining positive results was proper selection and composition of growing fluid for cells (MEM with Earle's salts produced by Sigma enriched with vitamins, L-glutamine, amino acids and calf fetal fluid) and limited number of passages of tissue after thawing cells from the bank. With passaging neuroblastoma cells are becoming resistant to infection. Growth of cells abd isolation of the virus were possible both in atmosphere containing 5% CO2 and normal air, but application of a standard incubator required higher usage of growth fluids. Positive results were also obtained with infected material stored for a long time. Storage of material at 37 degrees C was making isolation more difficult. Multiplication of stable viruses on BHK, neuroblastoma and Vero cells permitted for obtaining antigens for serological diagnosis of rabies in vitro.
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PMID:[Isolation and multiplication of rabies virus in cell lines under conditions of routine rabies diagnosis]. 799 40

Five cases of central congenital hypoventilation, Ondine's curse, were studied. The diagnostic criteria were: lack of respiratory autonomy during sleep, abnormal CO2 test results and abnormal respiratory monitoring results during sleep. This hypoventilation induced chronic complications, such as a pulmonary arterial hypertension and psychomotor and/or growth retardation. The other conditions frequently associated with Ondine's curse were: brainstem disturbances, Hirschsprung disease and neuroblastoma. Since other brainstem dysfunctions are sometimes associated with hypoventilation and because complications can arise, these children routinely underwent complementary investigations. Treatment was symptomatic. Assisted mechanical ventilation was initiated as soon as possible and carefully monitored. The prognosis for these children has greatly improved and some of them lead a normal life with nightly assisted ventilation at home.
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PMID:Ondine's curse: a discussion of five cases. 813 76

A method for the on-line determination of oxygen-18, at a naturally occurring level, in organic material is presented. After pyrolysis of the samples to form carbon monoxide, which is performed at 1300 degrees C in a vitreous carbon tube, the pyrolysis products are transported by a stream of helium gas. Using an open split, a small part of the effluent is transferred to the ion source of an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. The ratio is obtained from a measurement of the ion current intensities at m/z 30 and 28 (12C18O and 12C16O). The method was tested with the secondary water standard GISP (Greenland Ice Sheet Precipitation) and the carbonate standard NBS 19. The values obtained were -24.8/1000 and 27.3/1000 vs. VSMOW (Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water) (LAEA reference values are -24.8/1000 and 28.7/1000 vs. VSMOW). The potential of the method was demonstrated by measuring the 18O content of samples of beet and cane sucrose and also samples of vanillin extracted from vanilla pods or of synthetic origin.
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PMID:Isotope ratio mass spectrometric method for the on-line determination of oxygen-18 in organic matter. 900 72

The vasorelaxation induced by carbon monoxide (CO) has been demonstrated previously. Both a guanosine cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) signalling pathway and cGMP-independent mechanisms have been proposed to be responsible for the vascular action of CO. A direct effect of CO on the activity of calcium-activated K (KCa) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and the underlying mechanisms were investigated in the present study. It was found that CO hyperpolarized single SMCs isolated from rat tail arteries. The whole-cell outward K+ channel currents in vascular SMCs, but not in neuroblastoma cells, were enhanced by CO. Extracellularly or intracellularly applied CO increased the open probability of single high-conductance KCa channels concentration-dependently without affecting the single channel conductance. Although it did not increase the resting level of intracellular free calcium concentration, CO significantly enhanced the calcium sensitivity of single KCa channels in SMCs. Furthermore, the effect of CO on KCa channels was not mediated by cGMP or guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins, Gi/Go or Gs) in excised membrane patches. Our results suggest that the direct modulation of high-conductance KCa channels in vascular SMCs by CO may constitute a novel mechanism for the vascular effect of CO.
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PMID:The direct effect of carbon monoxide on KCa channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. 917 28


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