Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sonograms and medical records of 49 patients were reviewed to determine if there is a characteristic sonographic appearance for certain neck masses. Neck masses included: inflammatory masses (12), noninflammatory masses (23), and thyroid masses (14). Four entities including thyroglossal duct cyst, fibromatosis colli, cystic hygroma, and multiple lymphadenopathy showed characteristic sonographic appearance. Thyroglossal duct cysts were seen as midline or slightly off midline cystic masses. A sinus tract extending superiorly was nicely demonstrated in one patient. The mass in fibromatosis colli (neonatal torticollis) appeared as a well defined mass clearly within the sternocleidomastoid muscle, uniformly echogenic, but less echogenic than the normal surrounding muscle, without good through-transmission. A cystic or primarily cystic mass with linear septations was the characteristic finding of the cystic hygroma. Multiple lymphadenopathy demonstrated multiple discrete, oval, relatively hypoechoic masses along the cervical lymphatic chain. The sonographic appearance of inflammatory masses was variable, being either inhomogeneously echogenic or of mixed echogenicity. Hemangiomas were either echogenic with cystic vascular spaces or linear septations or relatively homogeneously echogenic. Intrinsic thyroid masses could be distinguished from extrinsic masses in most cases. The demonstration of calcification in a mass was useful in narrowing the differential diagnosis. Although it is not a specific finding, the presence of calcification highly suggests a neoplastic lesion, particularly neuroblastoma or teratoma. Not only can the location, extent, and internal characteristics of a mass be determined, but in certain entities, the sonographic appearance is characteristic and an accurate diagnosis can be made.
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PMID:Sonography of neck masses in children. 351 42

This report presents five patients with cervical-area infection and four with spinal cord tumors who presented with torticollis early in the course of their illnesses. three children were found to have osteomyelitis of the cervical spine; two, retropharyngeal abscess; two, intramedullary astrocytoma; one, extradural neuroblastoma; and one, extradural sarcoma. Though torticollis is most frequently a benign condition, its persistence or its association with other objective findings should lead to search for an etiologic basis.
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PMID:Torticollis as the presenting sign in cervical spine infection and tumor. 705 9

Although tumors of the central nervous system in children constitute the second most prevalent tumor type of childhood, spinal cord tumors account for less than 10% of pediatric central nervous system tumors. The most common are intramedullary, although they can be found in the extradural compartment or as intradural extramedullary masses. Extradural tumors can arise from bony elements, the meninges, or soft tissues. Neuroblastomas and sarcomas are frequently encountered along with bone tumors. Intradural extramedullary tumors can be meningeal or from distant sites and include meningiomas and schwannomas; most tend to be benign. Intradural intramedullary tumors, neuronal or glial, can be derived from neuroepithelial tissues. For the intramedullary tumors, astrocytomas represent around 60% of tumors, ependymomas 30%, and developmental tumors 4%. Such tumors require a multidisciplinary approach to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Spinal cord tumors most often present with pain followed by motor regression, gait disturbance, sphincter dysfunction or sensory loss, torticollis, and kyphoscoliosis. Treatment is based on tumor type, but surgical resection is the mainstay. Predictors of outcome include the histological grading, extent of resection, and neurological status at the time of surgery.
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PMID:Pediatric spinal tumors. 2362 4