Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Children with malignancies resistant to conventional therapy were treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (PDD), 15 to 20 mg/m2, given daily by rapid intravenous infusion for 5 days at 3-wk intervals. Eleven of 24 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) received two or more courses; among these no remissions occurred. Fifty-four children with solid tumors were treated: 25 neuroblastoma, 9 rhabdomyosarcoma, 4 Ewing sarcoma, 2 testicular embryonal carcinoma, 2 retinoblastoma, and 12 miscellaneous tumors. One complete remission, 3 partial remissions, and 2 improvements were observed in children with neuroblastoma. One girl with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma achieved a partial remission. One child with metastatic testicular embryonal carcinoma showed improvement. The side effects were vomiting controlled by antiemetics in 26 children and transient elevations of serum creatinine and BUN in 14 children. Nineteen of 39 children with solid tumors, who received more than one course of PDD, had moderately severe myelosuppression caused by PDD. In summary, PDD is a promising agent in neuroblastoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and testicular embryonal carcinoma, and an ineffective agent in ALL. The effect of PDD on other types of solid tumors should be evaluated in the future.
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PMID:Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (NSC-119875) in childhood malignancies: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 27 32

Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC was used in 102 evaluable patients under 15 years of age who had previously treated metastatic solid tumors. Responses, defined as 50% or more reduction in all tumor masses, occurred in 10 out of 27 patients with neuroblastoma, 3 out of 8 patients with Wilms tumor, 7 out 15 patients with Ewing sarcoma, 2 out of 6 patients with osteosarcoma, 5 out of 13 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, and 15 out of 33 patients with miscellaneous tumors which included a patient who had a complete regression of an extensive juvenile angiofibroma. Response rate to combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC in patients with Ewing sarcoma was significantly superior to the response rate obtained with adriamycin alone in another Southwest Oncology Group Study. Major toxicity included nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, high incidence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (5 patients) and congestive heart failure (4 patients). There was 7 drug-associated deaths due to sepsis (1), pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (4), and congestive heart failure (2).
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adramycin (NSC-123127) and dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) (NSC-45388) in children with metastatic solid tumors. 95 60

Fourteen patients with refractory advanced neuroblastoma were treated with 131-I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131-I-MIBG); all had evidence of progressive disease or recurrent disease following combination chemotherapy. One patient without gross evidence of disease, following surgical resection of recurrent neuroblastoma before therapy with 131-I-MIBG, remains healthy without regrowth of tumor 3.5 years later. Two other patients had minor responses, and one had a mixed response. Two patients remain alive 1,212 and 1,926 days following the initial 131-I-MIBG treatment; the remaining 12 patients died of progressive disease. Moderate myelosuppression was the most notable toxicity observed; mild nausea and vomiting and transient mild liver enzyme elevation were also encountered. Treatment with 131-I-MIBG produced antineoplastic activity in patients with neuroblastoma and was well tolerated. To evaluate dose escalation, alternative dosage schedules, and alternative MIBG-radioconjugates, additional trials of radiolabeled MIBG are indicated.
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PMID:131-I-metaiodobenzylguanidine treatment in patients with refractory advanced neuroblastoma. 159 Feb 75

Fourteen patients with advanced neuroblastoma, which was unresponsive to or had relapsed despite conventional therapy, were entered into a phase I/II trial of [131I]metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG). Doses ranged from 1.85-8.14 GBq each (50-220 mCi), with cumulative doses of 1.85-24.20 GBq (50-654 mCi) in one to three doses. Side effects included mild nausea and vomiting and moderate myelosuppression which occurred in nine patients. Subjective responses occurred in five patients. Four patients had objective responses (one partial, two minor and one mixed). Two of these patients remain alive 80 and 60 months after beginning 131I-MIBG therapy. Comparison of the 131I-MIBG treated patients with 11 carefully matched control patients treated with an advanced current chemotherapy protocol (CCG 8605) was performed by means of Kaplan-Meier life table analysis. The 14% four-year survival with 131I-MIBG compared favorably with the 6% achieved by salvage chemotherapy. We thus believe 131I-MIBG may have a role in the management of neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Long-term results of [131I]metaiodobenzylguanidine treatment of refractory advanced neuroblastoma. 182 26

Carboplatin was administered at 1,000 mg/m2/course in combination with etoposide at 300 mg/m2/course to 23 patients aged 5 months to 16 years. Five patients were affected by neuroblastoma, four by CNS tumors, three by Ewing's sarcoma, two by rhabdomyosarcoma, two by malignant teratoma, two by Wilms' tumor, two by head and neck carcinoma, one by hepatoblastoma, one by synovial sarcoma, and one by Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. Eleven patients were pretreated, seven of them with high-dose cisplatin. The overall response rate was 7/11 (64%) for pretreated and 10/12 (83%) for previously untreated patients. Myelosuppression was the main side effect, with anemia and thrombocytopenia more pronounced than leukopenia. Gastrointestinal toxicity and ototoxicity were very mild; nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity other than hearing loss were not observed. In children with malignant tumors, the therapeutic activity of carboplatin at high doses, even in combination chemotherapy, deserves further studies.
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PMID:A pilot study of high-dose carboplatin and pulsed etoposide in the treatment of childhood solid tumors. 220 54

Seventy-two children with recurrent, progressive, or metastatic lymphomas and other solid tumors, exclusive of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors, were treated with aziridinylbenzoquinone (AZQ, diaziquone) at 9 mg/m2/day by 30-min intravenous infusion for 5 days every 3 weeks. Fifty-four patients were evaluable for response. Three partial responses occurred, two in patients with recurrent Hodgkin's disease and one in a patient with intraocular retinoblastoma. Sufficient numbers of patients with osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms' tumor were evaluable to demonstrate inactivity of this dosing regimen in these tumor types. Numbers of evaluable patients for other tumor types were insufficient to conclusively demonstrate inactivity. Myelosuppression, which was profound and prolonged, was observed. As administered in this study, AZQ has marginal activity and severe myelotoxicity in children with solid tumors.
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PMID:A phase II study of diaziquone in children with recurrent or progressive solid tumors. Report from the Childrens Cancer Study Group. 224 Apr 75

A dose-intensive, cyclophosphamide (CPM)-based chemotherapy regimen was tested in 22 children with newly diagnosed metastatic or refractory neuroblastoma. The N5 protocol consisted of four courses of CPM (140 mg/kg over 2 days), doxorubicin (45 mg/m2 over 3 days), and vincristine (0.05 mg/kg/d on days 1, 2, and 9) (CAV regimen), followed by three courses of cisplatin (40 mg/m2/d) and VP16 (150 mg/m2/d) for 3 days (PVP regimen). Courses started when the neutrophil count was 500/microliters or greater and the platelet count was greater than 100,000/microliters; most courses began by day 21. Extramedullary toxicities were mild. All patients had Grade 3 to 4 myelosuppression, yet bone marrow harvested after the N5 protocol engrafted in 11 of 11 patients whose post-N5 treatments required autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Among 14 previously untreated patients, the N5 plus surgery achieved 9 complete remissions (CR) or very good partial remissions (VGPR) and 3 partial remissions (PR). An additional patient achieved CR with CAV, but experienced a recurrence in the bone marrow after PVP. The sole previously untreated patient whose bone marrow disease did not resolve received courses of the N5 at prolonged intervals (for nonmedical reasons). Among eight patients with progressive (six patients) or refractory (two patients) disease while on other, lower dose regimens, the N5 plus surgery achieved five CR/VGPR, two PR, and one minor response (MR). In conclusion, dose-intensive use of CPM has tolerable toxicity and does not preclude autografting; when administered in conjunction with other cytotoxic agents, it is highly effective against metastatic neuroblastoma and causes regressions of disease resistant to less intensive regimens. This approach plus surgery reliably achieves a minimal disease state that may be amenable to definitive ablation with relatively nontoxic therapies.
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PMID:Dose-intensive use of cyclophosphamide in ablation of neuroblastoma. 240 Sep 63

Ifosfamide/mesna was given to 97 patients who had malignant solid tumors diagnosed before they were 21 years of age. Patients received 1.6 g/m2 ifosfamide daily x 5, given i.v. over 15 min, followed by 400 mg/m2 i.v. mesna at 15 min and 4 and 6 h after ifosfamide. Responses were noted in patients with osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and other soft-tissue sarcomas, rhabdoid tumor, neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, retinoblastoma, germ-cell tumors, and B-cell lymphoma. Toxicity included mild to moderate nausea and vomiting, transient, reversible myelosuppression, transient elevations of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine and liver enzymes, infections, and self-limiting neurotoxicity characterized by changes in mental status, motor dysfunction, cranial nerve palsy, cerebellar dysfunction, and seizures. Neurotoxic symptoms were generally seen in patients who had previously received cisplatin. Ifosfamide is an important alkylating agent that should be combined with other agents in phase II and III trials. Alternate dose schedules should also be investigated.
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PMID:Ifosfamide in pediatric malignant solid tumors. 250 57

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor effect and toxicity of a single course of Peptichemio at high dose (450 mg/sq m) given to children with neuroblastoma resistant to first line treatment or at relapse. A total of 28 children were treated. Seven children showed partial response, 4 minor response, 8 had stable disease, and in 8 the tumor progressed. The principal toxic effect was myelosuppression. Hemorrhagic enteritis with liver failure and toxic death occurred in 1 patient. High dose Peptichemio can be administered with tolerable toxicity, inducing tumor regression in one third of previously treated patients.
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PMID:High dose peptichemio in pretreated neuroblastoma. 281 97

Ifosfamide was given to 61 patients with malignant solid tumors diagnosed before the age of 21 years. In this phase II study, all patients received 1.6 g/m2/day X 5 iv over 15 minutes followed by mesna at a dose of 400 mg/m2 iv at 15 minutes and 4 and 6 hours after ifosfamide. Responses were observed in five of 15 patients with osteosarcoma, two of ten with neuroblastoma, two of six with Wilms' tumor, two of five with rhabdomyosarcoma, four of eight with other soft tissue sarcomas, one of one with retinoblastoma, one of two with germ cell tumors, one of one with B-cell lymphoma, and one of one with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Fifty-nine of 61 patients had received prior alkylating agent therapy which included cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, mechlorethamine, melphalan, or dacarbazine. Fourteen of 19 responses developed in patients whose tumors were resistant to treatment with cyclophosphamide. A patient with malignant Schwannoma who had received no prior chemotherapy developed a complete response which lasted 12 months. A patient with brain metastases of osteosarcoma has had complete response for greater than 2 years. Complete response was also observed in a patient with B-cell lymphoma. Toxicity consisted of mild to moderate nausea and vomiting, transient reversible myelosuppression, occasional elevation of serum BUN or creatinine, and transient neurotoxicity characterized by somnolence, confusion, weakness, tremor, hallucinations, or seizures. We conclude that ifosfamide is an important alkylating agent without apparent complete cross-resistance with cyclophosphamide, and as such should be further investigated for determination of its activity in patients with pediatric neoplasms and considered for incorporation into phase II-III trials for certain tumors.
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PMID:Phase II trial of ifosfamide in children with malignant solid tumors. 310 34


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