Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Small, round, blue-cell tumors (SRCT), including rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma of bone and soft tissue, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, small cell osteosarcoma, hemangiopericytoma, neuroblastoma, peripheral neurectodermal tumor (peripheral neuroepithelioma of bone and soft tissue), and the malignant small cell tumor of the thoracopulmonary region described by Askin (Askin's tumor), are often difficult to distinguish by light microscopy. We have evaluated the cytogenetics of these tumors by studying 24 tumor explants in short-term culture and 22 tumor cell lines. In Ewing's sarcoma (a tumor of unknown histogenesis), and in peripheral neuroepithelioma and Askin's tumor (tumors with evidence of neural origin), we have observed an indistinguishable t(11;22) translocation.
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PMID:Cytogenetic characterization of selected small round cell tumors of childhood. 300 99

Four tumors with the clinical and light microscopic features of Ewing's sarcoma contained cells that possessed to varying degrees ultrastructural features suggestive of neuroblastoma. These neoplasms were considered to be Ewing's sarcoma of bone by radiologic examination and on clinical grounds, and light microscopy was consistent with the diagnosis in every case. It is suggested that the ultrastructural morphology of Ewing's sarcoma is broader than had been supposed and that the presence of dendritic processes in a small cell tumor of bone should not exclude the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.
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PMID:Ewing's sarcoma with neuroblastoma-like features. 710 84

High-dose chemoradiotherapy (HDCRT) followed by autologous stem cell (ASC) rescue is now widely used in a number of childhood malignancies. The most common to date is neuroblastoma, where it now has an established role as consolidation of initial complete remission in children over the age of 1 year with stage 4 disease. High-dose melphalan alone prolongs progression-free survival, with a small increase in long-term survival. The value of a total body irradiation (TBI)-based regimen is currently under randomized evaluation. In soft-tissue sarcoma, such as rhabdomyosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma of bone or soft tissue, high-dose therapy has been used to consolidate initial complete or partial remission. The benefit has not been demonstrated in randomized studies but chemotherapy-alone regimens based on combined alkylating agents appear to be of potential value. Other tumours have been treated in this way but the place of high-dose therapy remains entirely unclear. It is possible that inherently chemosensitive tumours, such as Wilm's tumour, may be candidates where standard treatment has failed. The replacement of bone marrow reinfusion with cytokine-primed peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) rescue has reduced the morbidity of these procedures. The issue of the potential risk of reinfusing tumour cells has been addressed in neuroblastoma where purging using immunodepletion or in vitro chemotherapy has been carried out.
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PMID:Autologous stem cell transplantation in solid tumours of childhood. 873 45

Specimens of 47 tumors diagnosed by routine light microscopy as Ewing's sarcoma of bone, and 5 similar soft tissue tumors (extraskeletal Ewing's sarcomas), were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical stains were performed on all the tumors, and pre-therapy and post-therapy specimens from 5 of the patients were compared. Cell and nuclear areas were assessed in 41 cases by cytomorphometry by using low-magnification electron micrographs. DNA ploidy was determined by static cytometry on 51 of the tumors. None of the methods revealed differences between the bone and soft tissue tumors. The ultrastructural spectrum extended imperceptibly from the typical forms to markedly irregular variants, and was much broader than could be anticipated from the light microscopy. Neural features were observed but they were not common. Comparison of the Ewing's sarcomas with a group of other small round cell tumors (rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, small cell carcinoma) using the same techniques showed that they have similar cell and nuclear areas despite the obvious differences in their immunophenotypes and ultrastructure. The collective findings are in keeping with the currently favored view that Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuro-ectodermal tumor are the extremes in a morphologic continuum within which neural differentiation ranges from absent to prominent.
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PMID:Ultrastructure of the Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors. 1203 94

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of ICAM-1 (CD54) in pediatric tumor and acute leukemia (AL), so as to understand the distribution of ICAM-1 and its clinical significance. The expression of ICAM-1 in tissues of 46 pediatric tumor patients were detected by immunohistochemistry, and in bone marrow cells of 60 pediatric acute leukemia (AL) patients were detected by flow cytometry. 46 pediatric tumor patients included 10 lymphoma, 3 hepatoblastoma, 6 neuroblastoma, 2 rhabdomyosarcoma, 6 Ewing's bone sarcoma, 2 fibrosarcoma, 5 primitive neuroectodermal tumor, 11 nephroblastoma and 1 osteosarcoma. 60 AL pediatric patients included 20 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients and 40 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) patients containing 20 M1, M2, M3 patients and 20 M4, M5. The results indicated that expression of ICAM-1 was more positive in all 3 hepatoblastoma cases, which represent a higher positive rate than that in lymphoma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma of bone and osteosarcoma. However, no expression of ICAM-1 was observed in fibrosarcoma, nephroblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor patients. On the other hand, the expression rate of ICAM-1 was 55 in ALL, 65 in ANLL M1, M2, M3, and 50 in ANLL M4, M5. It is concluded that the expression of ICAM-1 in pediatric tumor and AL has variability. The ICAM-1 positive expression is observed in hepatoblastoma and ANLL M1, M2, M3 patients, whereas it is undetectable in fibrosarcoma, nephroblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor patients.
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PMID:[Expression of ICAM-1 (CD54) in pediatric tumor and acute leukemia and its clinic significance in immunotherapy with CIK cell]. 2254 Oct 82