Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of papaverine on transplantable C1300 murine neuroblastoma model was evaluated. Subcutaneous inoculation of A/J mice with 10(6) C1300 cells resulted in predictable tumor growth and animal death in 36 +/- 5 days. In 33% of control animals, lung and liver metastases were observed. Subcutaneous injections of papaverine prior to tumor inoculation and during the tumor growth failed to show any detectable effect on local growth of the tumor. Benign transformation of the primary tumor was not observed. However, papaverine injection 21 days after tumor inoculation was associated with only 9% incidence of metastatic development. Papaverine treatment, when started one day prior to tumor inoculation or 10 days after tumor implant, resulted in complete prevention of all detectable metastatic growth, while having no apparent effect on local tumor growth. Further study of papaverine effect in the neuroblastoma murine model is indicated.
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PMID:A study of the effect of papaverine in neuroblastoma using the experimental C1300 murine system. 62 92

The combination of biological response modifiers with cytotoxic drugs has proven to be synergistic in several tumor systems. Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF) has been shown to enhance the antitumor efficacy of etoposide (VP-16) in the treatment of C1300 murine neuroblastoma. However, after completion of therapy, tumor growth resumes and results in subsequent death. In an effort to assess the impact of combining surgery with rhTNF/VP-16 therapy, A/J mice bearing the C1300 murine neuroblastoma were treated within adjuvant or neoadjuvant protocols. Adjuvant-treated animals had a longer interval to disease recurrence (P = .01) and smaller average recurrent tumor volumes postexcision (P less than .05) compared with surgical controls. Histological evidence of tumor recurrence and liver metastases was seen in both adjuvant-treated and surgical control animals. Neoadjuvant-treated animals had a longer interval to disease recurrence (P = .03) and smaller average recurrent tumor volumes up to 14 days postexcision (P less than .02) compared with surgical controls. In addition, 30% of the neoadjuvant-treated animals had no microscopic evidence of disease recurrence, and only 14% had histological evidence of liver metastases. The surgical controls in the neoadjuvant experiment all had histological evidence of disease recurrence and liver metastases. Thus, the combination of surgery and rhTNF/VP-16 in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting appears to significantly delay the progression of C1300 murine neuroblastoma. Furthermore, administering chemoimmunotherapy prior to surgical excision in a neoadjuvant manner appears to be most beneficial as regards prevention of local disease recurrence and distant metastases.
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PMID:Chemoimmunotherapy in conjunction with surgery: strategies for management of murine neuroblastoma. 177 33

The 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) conjugates 1-O-alkyl (ether) and 1-S-alkyl (thioether) phospholipids, being analogues of ara-CDP-sn-1,2-O-dipalmitoylglycerol (1), showed significant antitumor activity against L1210 and P388 leukemia in vivo. The more active conjugates include the 1-O-alkyl analogues, ara-CDP-rac-1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-palmitoylglycerol (2) and ara-CDP-rac-1-O-octa-decyl-2-O-palmitoylglycerol (3), and the corresponding 1-S-alkyl analogues, ara-CDP-rac-1-S-hexadecyl-2-O-palmitoyl-1-thioglycerol (4) and ara-CDP-rac-1-S-octadecyl-2-O-palmitoyl-1-thioglycerol (5, Cytoros). The conjugates were formulated by sonication, in which the conjugates existed as discs (size 0.01-0.04 microns). Among the conjugates of the three different phospholipids, the 1-S-alkyl analogues 4 and 5 displayed the strongest antitumor activity against L1210 leukemia in mice, followed by the 1-O-alkyl (2 and 3) and the 1-O-acyl (1) analogues. The 1-S-alkyl analogue 5 was considerably more effective than the 1-O-acyl analogue 1 against myelomonocytic WEHI-3B leukemia in mice. Conjugate 5 (Cytoros) showed a significant therapeutic activity in mice with colon 26 carcinoma, M5076 sarcoma, and C-1300 neuroblastoma. Furthermore, this agent inhibited liver metastases of M5076 sarcoma. Conjugates 3 and 5 also inhibited the metastasis of 3-Lewis lung carcinoma to the lungs of mice. Cytoros (5) and its analogues, with other ether and thioether phospholipids, appear to offer increased therapeutic benefit to mice with tumors.
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PMID:1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine conjugates of ether and thioether phospholipids. A new class of ara-C prodrug with improved antitumor activity. 181 47

The authors retrospectively evaluated 12 patients with congenital (neonatal) neuroblastoma to assess the utility of newer imaging modalities. Findings at prenatal ultrasound (US), performed in four patients, were nonspecific (hydramnios and hydrops fetalis) in two and consistent with a suprarenal mass (one solid, one cystic) in the other two. Postnatal US helped accurately detect adrenal tumors (solid or complex, with one exception) but was less accurate in the diagnosis of metastatic disease to the liver. Computed tomography accurately depicted all primary tumors and liver metastases. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging helped establish the correct diagnosis in three patients. This study again confirmed the benign course of neonatal neuroblastoma, with 50% of the patients classified with stage IV-S disease and two deaths occurring in the series, both due to complications. Therefore, aggressive diagnostic imaging is less desirable, and US is therefore very useful, despite its limitations. The prenatal detection and solid appearance of a suprarenal mass makes the diagnosis of neuroblastoma very likely, as does the presence of liver lesions. In the absence of these characteristic findings, US should be repeated to exclude adrenal hemorrhage. MR imaging seems to be a good alternative in some instances.
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PMID:Congenital neuroblastoma: evaluation with multimodality imaging. 218 80

A patient in whom metastatic medullary thyroid cancer was diagnosed underwent a scintigraphic examination using [131I]MIBG. Multiple hot lesions and diffuse hepatic uptake were noted corresponding to bone and liver metastases. Iodine-131 MIBG may prove to be useful for scintigraphic localization and for the treatment of medullary thyroid cancer as in pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Metastatic medullary thyroid cancer: localization with iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine. 315 26

Forty-two infants and children with retroperitoneal solid tumors underwent second operative procedures. Twenty-three children had stage III (4) or stage IV (19) neuroblastoma and 19 had Wilms' tumor. This report suggests that second-look procedures are quite beneficial in selected cases. In children with Wilms' tumor, second procedures are most useful in those patients inadequately staged with flank operations, in cases of bilateral tumors, and in children with initially unresectable tumors following cytoreduction. Patients with significant tumor spill at a previous procedure may also benefit from early reoperation. Late recurrence of tumor, especially in children with unfavorable histology and/or hematogenous liver metastases, carries an ominous prognosis. Ten of the 19 patients with Wilms' tumor are long-term survivors (52.6%). Patients with initially unresectable (stage III) neuroblastoma occurring in the pelvis respond well to second-look resection. Children with primary tumors surrounding the celiac axis eventually died despite subsequent resection. Although the efficacy of primary tumor resection in cases of metastatic neuroblastoma remains controversial, stage IV patients with tumor resection had a longer duration of survival. Our only long-term survivors had their primary tumors resected. Second-look or delayed abdominal operations in metastatic cases may be useful in assessing the effectiveness of treatment and for sampling of retroperitoneal lymph nodes as a prognostic indicator.
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PMID:The role of second-look procedures in the management of retroperitoneal tumors in children. 609 86

Urinary excretion of cystathionine and dopa metabolites was analyzed in 61 patients with active neuroblastoma before, and at regular intervals during treatment. Thirty-seven patients with clinical evidence of active neuroblastoma excreted elevated levels of cystathionine before treatment was initiated; six other patients showed cystathioninuria at some time during treatment with chemo- or radiotherapy. The cause of the cystathioninuria remains unidentified. No relationship between excessive cystathionine excretion and liver impairment or liver metastases was established; nor was there evidence to support a consistent correlation with the ratio of the sum of the excretion values for vanilglycolic acid and vanilglycol to the excretion of vanilacetic acid. Our results indicate that absence of cystathioninuria correlates with an early clinical staging and thus with a favorable prognosis. Isolated cystathioninuria does occasionally occur in patients with neuroblastoma, permitting a presumptive diagnosis until later evidence can be obtained. Determination of cystathionine excretion is essential for an extensive biochemical evaluation of patients with neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Cystathioninuria in patients with neuroblastoma. 642 19

A subcutaneous (S.C.) was compared with an intradermal (I.D.) inoculation route of C-1300 neuroblastoma cells in adult A/J mice. This study was prompted by a recent report of increased metastases in intradermally inoculated murine neuroblastoma. The median survival in our line was longer in the I.D. group (44 days as compared to 34.5 days). Despite this feature, liver metastases, when detecp). In this series of experiments no other metastatic sites were found. Histologically both groups showed a similar picture under light microscopy, i.e., a highly undifferentiated tumor with little matrix and an absence of neuronal elements. It appears that the C-1300 neuroblastoma cell line utilized in this study differs biologically from that used by other investigators.
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PMID:Comparison of subcutaneous versus intradermally inoculated murine C-1300 neuroblastoma. 736 54

High-molecular-mass alkaline phosphatase (H-Mr AP) was detected in sera from children with solid tumors without liver metastases. H-Mr AP activities were determined by a liquid chromatographic and an electrophoretic method. In 5 out of 10 cases with solid tumors--Ewing sarcoma (n = 2), neuroblastoma (n = 2), and rhabdoid tumor (n = 1)--H-Mr AP activities ranged from 3.1-40.4 U/L and 3.1-16% of total serum AP activity. In sera of patients with leukemia (n = 18) H-Mr AP was not detectable. After the treatment of the sera with papain and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, which release membrane-associated AP from membrane particles, H-Mr AP was no longer detectable. These results indicate that H-Mr AP in the sera of patients with solid tumors may derive from increasing cell shedding of the tumor cells with elevated levels of membrane fragments in serum, which is a well known phenomenon in liver tumors. H-Mr AP was not more detectable in the serum after successful tumor treatment. These data suggest that H-Mr AP was produced by the tumors and that this parameter may be a serological marker for some solid tumors even in the presence of normal total AP serum activity.
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PMID:High-molecular-mass or macromolecular alkaline phosphatase in sera of children with solid tumors. 815 5

A reproducible tumor model for bone marrow metastasis has been developed by an injection of murine C-1300 neuroblastoma (C-1300 NB) cells into the tail vein of syngeneic A/J mice. The animals died with liver metastases at 18-21 days after an injection of 10(5) tumor cells and often had bone marrow metastasis in the femur. N-methylformamide (NMF), a maturational agent, was administered to inhibit liver metastases and to extend survival in mice with advancing bone metastasis. Histological examination of bone marrow metastasis, demonstrated lesions varying from a few small colonies of C-1300 NB cells either in metaphysis or diaphysis to large foci replacing normal hematopoietic bone marrow, simultaneously invading epiphysis or cortex of bone as bone metastasis. This assay demonstrated the ability to detect neuroblastoma cells in the bone marrow histologically and could determine bone marrow TD50 by extraction of bone marrow cells after treatment with various doses of drug. Fifty per cent of mice injected with cyclophosphamide (CY) developed bone marrow metastasis without liver metastasis. Treatment with tamoxifen, an anti-calmodulin drug, suppressed tumor takes in the recipient mice with tamoxifen-dose-dependent fashion. This experimental system allows for investigations into the therapeutic response and biology of neuroblastoma metastases in the bone marrow.
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PMID:A murine model for bone marrow metastasis established by an i.v. injection of C-1300 neuroblastoma in A/J mice. 819 98


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