Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumors of the genitourinary tract are heterogeneous and can be organized according to both site and specific histopathology. This article divides these neoplasms into primary tumor originating from the kidney, adrenal gland, collecting system, urinary bladder, and gonads. Primary renal tumors are further subdivided into Wilms' tumors and rare kidney tumors of childhood including clear cell sarcoma, rhabdoid tumors, mesoblastic nephromas, and renal cell carcinoma, sarcomas, and lymphomas. The rarity and smooth muscle origin of collecting system tumors is noted. Adrenal tumors are divided into cortical and medullary. Cortical neoplasms include adenomas and renal cortical carcinomas; pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma arise from the adrenal medulla. Bladder and prostate rhabdomyosarcomas most frequently affect these organs and are discussed together. Finally, gonadal neoplasms with emphasis on germ cell tumors of these organs are presented. The multidisciplinary approach and importance of the pediatric surgical oncologist in the management of genitourinary tumors in childhood are emphasized.
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PMID:Genitourinary tract cancer in childhood. 898 97

The objective of this case report is to present a rare bladder tumour in a young patient 25 years after the treatment with cyclophosphamide because of a neuroblastoma of the right eye. The first symptom of the tumour was macroscopic haematuria with dysuria and pollakiuria. The final diagnosis was dictaminated by the pathologist and the best treatment option was radical cystoprostatectomy. Leiomyosarcoma was presented in a 26-year-old patient like the third different tumour, the second was an esphenoidal meningioma. At the 8th year of follow-up after the radical surgery, the patient is free of bladder disease. Bladder leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumour of the bladder and its early diagnosis and treatment are mandatory for best prognosis.
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PMID:Bladder Leiomyosarcoma 25 Years after Treatment with Cyclophosphamide in Patient with History of Retinoblastoma. 2667 30

Bladder masses are represented by either benign or malignant entities. Malignant bladder tumors are frequent causes of disease and death in western countries. However, in children they are less common. Additionally, different features are found in childhood, in which non epithelial tumors are more common than epithelial ones. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric bladder tumor, but many other types of lesions may be found, such as malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT), inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and neuroblastoma. Other rarer tumors described in literature include urothelial carcinoma and other epithelial neoplasms. Rhabdomyosarcoma is associated to a variety of genetic syndromes and many genes are involved in tumor development. PAX3-FKHR and PAX7-FKHR (P-F) fusion state has important implications in the pathogenesis and biology of RMS, and different genes alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of P-F negative and embryonal RMS, which are the subsets of tumors most frequently affecting the bladder. These genes include p53, MEF2, MYOG, Ptch1, Gli1, Gli3, Myf5, MyoD1, NF1, NRAS, KRAS, HRAS, FGFR4, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, FBXW7, IGF1R, PDGFRA, ERBB2/4, MET, BCOR. Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) usually shows SMARCB1/INI1 alterations. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene translocations are the most frequently associated alterations in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Few genes alterations in urothelial neoplasms have been reported in the paediatric population, which are mainly related to deletion of p16/lnk4, overexpression of CK20 and overexpression of p53. Here, we reviewed available literature to identify genes associated to bladder malignancies in children and discussed their possible relationships with these tumors.
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PMID:Genetics of Bladder Malignant Tumors in Childhood. 2701 22