Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Normal mouse sera contain naturally occurring antibodies that are cytotoxic in the presence of rabbit complement for NB1, a cell line derived from a neuroblastoma adrenal metastasis of a spontaneous ovarian teratoma. The anti-NB1 antibodies can be specifically removed from normal mouse sera by absorption of the sera with homogenized brain tissue of mouse, rat, guinea pig, chicken, and man and by homogenized kidney tissue of mouse and man. The antigen recognized by anti-NB1 naturally occurring autoantibodies, designated mouse brain antigen-2 (MBA-2), is not present on other normal tissues or tumor cell lines tested. MBA-2 is distinct from previously described mouse brain antigens.
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PMID:Interspecies brain antigen detected by naturally occurring mouse anti-brain autoantibody. 4 48

The various stages of divergent neuroepithelial differentiation were studied in the solid transplants of a transplantable mouse testicular teratoma (OTT-6050) maintained in both ascitic and solid forms. They included: a) areas of undifferentiated medullary epithelium corresponding to the rare human medulloepithelioma; b) areas of neuroblastic differentiation corresponding to neuroblastoma, with more mature neuronal differentiation corresponding to ganglioneuroma or, when mixed with glial elements, to ganglioglioma; and c) more mature neuroglial areas resembling astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma or ependymoma, as well as more primitive areas corresponding to ependymoblastoma. In tissue culture using collagen-coated coverslips, astrocytic differentiation was found in the outgrowth zone after 15 days, confirmed by immunofluorescence with antibodies to an astroglia-specific protein. In organ culture systems, glial components, including ependymal structures, were preserved in tumor explants, and astrocytic differentiation, as expressed by glial fiber formation, was increased after 4 to 6 weeks in vitro. No neuronal differentiation was demonstrable, however. The neuroepithelial component of this experimental teratoma may provide a model for the study of neoplastic neuroepithelial differentiation.
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PMID:An experimental mouse testicular teratoma as a model for neuroepithelial neoplasia and differentiation. I. Light microscopic and tissue and organ culture observations. 16 76

The practical value of cytologic examination in the clinical management of children with cancer was determined by analyzing 2,363 cytologic specimens collected during a two year period. The specimens included cerebrospinal fluid, pleural and peritoneal effusions, urine and tracheal aspirates from 347 children with cancer. Malignant tumor cells were detected in 266 specimens obtained from 106 children with the following malignant neoplasms: leukemia 44/133, malignant lymphoma 13/64, soft tissue sarcoma 13/48, neuroblastoma 13/26, Wilms' tumor 4/18, malignant teratoma 4/13, osteogenic sarcoma 7/11, Ewing's sarcoma 2/10, brain tumor 5/6 and retinoblastoma 1/1. No malignant cells were detected in fluids from 18 patients with other tumors. The malignant cells were identified most ofter in spinal fluid, pleural and peritoneal effusions. Cytologic examination appears to be of value in the clinical management of children with cancer.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of cytologic specimens obtained from children with cancer. 16 27

"Second-look" operations were performed in 32 infants and children with initially unresectable or recurrent solid tumors treated with combination chemotherapy and/or irradiation. Tumors were resectable in 26 of 32 cases (81%). These procedures often yielded information affecting staging and treatment. Disease-free survival was achieved in 18 of 32 patients (56%). Mortality was related to progressive disease in seven cases and opportunistic infections due to immunosuppression in three. Four additional patients are alive with evidence of persistent tumor. Second-look procedures were beneficial in patients with Wilms' tumor previously operated upon by a flank approach and in children with bilateral tumors. These procedures were particularly useful in children with stage III localized neuroblastoma and cases of metastatic neuroblastoma that respond to chemotherapy. Second-look operations were also useful in selected cases of rhabdomyosarcoma, teratoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. These observations suggest that combination chemotherapy has increased the use of second-look operations in a variety of less favorable (e.g. initially unresectable or recurrent) pediatric solid tumors.
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PMID:Experience with "second-look" operations in pediatric solid tumors. 20 64

Three independent hybrid cell lines were isolated from the fusion of clonal lines of embryonal carcinoma and neuroblastoma. A series of subclones was subsequently derived from the original hybrid clones. In early hybrid generations all hybrid lines showed enhancement of alkaline phosphatase activity, expressing 2--8 times the activity of the teratoma parental line. The overexpression of APase appears to take place in the stationary phase of the growth cycle. Segregation for very high levels of APase activity was observed among subclones of one hybrid line. Specific activities of the segregants ranged from 0.1 to 133. Results of heat denaturation studies are consistent with the hypothesis that it is the embryonal carcinoma APase that is being expressed in the hybrids.
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PMID:Enhanced expression of alkaline phosphatase in hybrids between neuroblastoma and embryonal carcinoma. 60 81

Retroperitoneal teratoma is the third most common primary retroperitoneal neoplasm of childhood ranking behind neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma. Ten per cent of these tumors are malignant. Two cases of benign retroperitoneal teratoma are reported, and the first description of the angiographic appearance of such a tumor is presented.
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PMID:Retroperitoneal teratoma. 99 59

From 1972 through 1974, 5 infants with severe respiratory distress secondary to mediastinal tumors were treated in the Division of Pediatric Surgery of The Johns Hopkins thospital; The mediastinal masses included 2 intramural bronchial cysts, a giant esophageal duplication, a benign teratoma, and a highly malignant neuroblastomamindividualized management was carried out successfully in all: total resection of the bronchial cysts and teratoma; partial resection of the duplication cyst with stripping of the remaining mucosa from the contiguous esophageal wall, thereby preserving esophageal integrity; and excision of involved chest wall and tumor combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for the neuroblastoma. This experience emphasizes the potential for lethal respiratory distress from mediastinal tumors in infants and supports the experience reported by others of serious consequences if resection is not performed. Primary physicians and thoracic surgeons must be aware of the lethal potential of such mediastinal tumors among the many other "surgical" causes of respiratory distress in neonates and infants.
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PMID:Life-threatening respiratory distress from mediastinal masses in infants. 112 61

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp), the product of the mdr-1 gene, is implicated in the development of chemoresistance in a variety of, mostly adult, cancers. Its role in paediatric tumours, most of which are non-epithelial in origin, has yet to be fully elucidated. A study was undertaken to investigate reactivity of two P-gp monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), JBS-1 and MRK16, recognising cytoplasmic and surface epitopes, respectively, of the P-gp molecule, in a variety of newly diagnosed and relapsed childhood cancers. P-gp was not expressed in any of 36 tumours examined (neuroblastoma 13, nephroblastoma 12, rhabdomyosarcoma 6, lymphoma 3, teratoma 1, Ewings 1), 14 of whom had chemoresistant disease. Reactivity to both MAbs was also investigated in patients with acute leukaemia. Out of 10 diagnostic acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) samples, a positive reaction with JSB-1 was observed in 1 patient who failed to remit on standard induction therapy and in 3 of 6 patients in ALL relapse, only 1 of whom showed low grade positivity with MRK16. Both MAbs reacted positively in 1 patient with acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia (ANLL) at diagnosis who achieved remission with teniposide and cytosine arabinoside, but relapsed 7 months later and was again positive with both Mabs. JSB-1 also showed varying degrees of positivity in 4 out of 4 other patients in ANLL relapse. It would therefore appear that P-gp is unlikely to mediate chemoresistance in most solid tumours of childhood, but may well play a major role in the development of chemoresistance in acute leukaemia.
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PMID:Reactivity of P-glycoprotein monoclonal antibodies in childhood cancers. 135 71

Fifty one cases of tumors detected along a 20 years period (1969 throughout 1989) in newborn infants are described. Most frequent kinds of neonatal tumors were teratomas (n: 30), followed by vascular tumors (n: 6), neuroblastomas IV-S (n: 5), hepatic hamartomas (n: 5), renal tumors (n: 3), soft tissue sarcomas (n: 2) and melanocytic melanoma (n: 1). Follow up was extended from 1 to 20 years. Death occurred in two patients of this series: one in a case of sacrococcygeal teratoma, who died of septicemia secondary to urinary tract obstruction and infection before any attempt of surgical treatment was possible, and by multiple pulmonary metastases one year after apparently satisfactory surgical treatment in another patient with neuroblastoma.
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PMID:[Tumors in newborn infants]. 184 61

From 1970 to 1989, 121 children with mediastinal masses of various sorts were seen in the Department of Pathology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. The series is considered representative of the true incidence of these conditions in the state of Victoria, which had an average paediatric population during the time of this series of 900,000 children. The commonest cause of a mediastinal mass was NHL (36 cases). This was followed by HD (24 cases), then neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma (16 and 9 cases respectively), duplication cysts (10 cases), teratomas (7 cases), neurofibroma (4 cases) and lymphangioma (3 cases). A great variety of rare conditions made up the remainder of the series and included mediastinal abscess, thymic cyst, pericardial cyst, accessory lobe of lung, plasma cell granuloma, fibromatosis, paravertebral Ewing's tumour, carcinoid tumour and neurofibrosarcoma. Presentation of the children with NHL was often acute with respiratory distress, while the child with HD was usually older and symptoms were more often systemic than local. The surgeon's role in diagnosis of these most frequently encountered mediastinal masses can be crucial and biopsy when indicated must be carried out with great care to produce material that is adequate for diagnosis and for the performance of cell marker studies and chromosome analysis. Neuroblastoma (NBL) and ganglioneuroma (GN) together were the third largest group. Children with neuroblastoma were usually young; 15 of the 18 cases were less than 2 years old. One-third of the infants with neuroblastoma presented with paraplegia and one-third with respiratory symptoms including wheeze, stridor and respiratory difficulty. Three children had Horner's syndrome. Prognosis of children with thoracic neuroblastoma is very good and contrasts with the poor outlook for those with abdominal neuroblastoma. Stage at presentation is probably the most important single prognostic variable. Ganglioneuroma presents at a later age than neuroblastoma and symptoms may be present for a long time or may be completely absent. Catecholamines, usually raised in neuroblastoma, are mostly normal in ganglioneuroma. Duplication cysts were the next most frequent group. Symptoms can often be acute and life threatening, although in three of our ten cases the cyst was an incidental finding on chest X-ray. However, only three of our patients had a normal respiratory examination. Teratomas were usually large and more often benign than malignant. Excision is the mandatory treatment and is usually curative. Although teratomas in young infants are often cellular and composed of many immature tissue types, their behaviour is benign.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Mediastinal masses in childhood: a review from a paediatric pathologist's point of view. 190 92


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