Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The murine neuroblastoma appears to be a useful model for elucidating the mechanism of cellular differentiation. In tissue culture, MNB cells were induced to "irreversibly" differentiate into neuronal-like cells by DBcAMP alone or in combination with cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors: papaverine (Pap) and theophylline (Theo). Cells differentiated by DBcAMP, Pap, and Theo were no longer tumorgenic when reinoculated into animals of the host strain. In vivo, DBcAMP, Pap, and Theo caused a reduced tumor volume growth rate in animals with established tumors. Morphologically, this effect appears to be secondary to an arrest of cellular mitoses. Cells insensitive to these agents emerged after 3 to 4 days, and tumor growth accelerated to parallel the rate of the untreated tumors.
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PMID:Differentiation of mouse neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo induced by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). 18 80

Transplantable murine neuroblastoma C 1300 was studied ultrastructurally at varying time intervals ranging from 2 hours to 40 days before and after X-irradiation. Following X-irradiation, 2000 and 4000 rads in a single dose, the uniformly small tumor cells became progressively enlarged multinucleated and degenerated, starting at one to two days. At five to seven days, the uni- and multinucleated giant cells predominated over the small tumor cells, while the giant cells progressively disappeared therafter and the small tumor cells predominated over the giant cells at 10 to 14 days. The giant cells contained abundant subcellular organelles and the X-irradiated tumor cells apparently continued to produce the organelles until they degenerated. Two types of cytoplasmic particles, intracisternal A and bar-shaped, were observed in the tumor cells. The intracisternal A particles occurred in almost all non-irradiated tumor cells though their number varied considerably from cell to cell, while they were observed less frequently in the radiation-induced giant cells probably due to a dilution effect rather than an actual numerical decrease. The bar-shaped particles, hitherto undescribed in the neuroblastoma, were 23 nm in diameter, variable in length and occasionally tubular. They occurred only in degenerating cells regardless of X-irradiation but were encountered more frequently in irradiated tumors than in non-irradiated ones. It is suggested that they may represent an unknown degenerative product of cytoplasm and/or nucleus rather than virus particles, despite their morphological resemblance to certain virus particles.
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PMID:Intracisternal A and bar-shaped particles in murine neuroblastoma C 1300. 18 97

The presence of antibody to virus capsid antigen (VCA) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was determined in sera from children with various forms of neoplasia by the indirect immunofluorescence procedure of Henle. Eighty-one sera from children with Wilms tumor, teratoblastoma, reticulosarcoma, neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, as well as from children with benign tumors were examined. The controls included sera from normal children of the same ages. The test cells synthesizing VCA were suspension cultures of P3HR-1 cells which are one of the clones of Burkitt lymphoma. The studies showed no increase in the content of antibody to EBV in any of the groups of children with tumors as compared with the controls. It was also found that the percentage of EBV infection in various groups of sick and normal children varied from 82 to 100.
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PMID:[Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in the sera of children with different neoplasms]. 19 3

A close collaboration between E.N.T. surgeons and pathologists permitted us to obtain 6 cases of olfactory esthesioneuroma in which fresh tumor tissue was available. Histochemical and biochemical studies were made in comparison with neuroblastoma. Different reactions and assays performed revealed a similarity with sympathetic tumors. Moreover, the presence of catecholamines in esthesioneuroma provides a great help in diagnostic as does electron microscope examination.
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PMID:A new histochemical approach to olfactory esthesioneuroma. A nasal tumor of neural crest origin. 19 6

All known tumor types have been reported in the neonate. A numerical listing and discussion are beyond the scope of this review. Wells and Fraumeni give some insight into common congenital malignant neoplasms. Table 2 lists the percentage of neonatal deaths caused by type-specific cancers. Retinoblastoma is probably the most common malignant tumor in the neonate. About seven per cent of these tumors have been apparent at birth. This tumor is not discussed in either article because it is not lethal until muypes in neonatal and pediatric patients. Some congenital malformations in the in the neonate are recognized as being frankly benign (cysts), potentially malignant (teratomas), and frankly malignant (neuroblastoma). A high percentage of teratomas are benign in the newborn period. Leukemia in the newborn appears to be more aggressive yet neuroblastoma has a better prognosis. More studies are needed to help us define why the neonate does better with some tumors and worse with others. Surface cell markers on neonatal leukemia, B and T cell function studies, and other immunologic surveillance studies are needed. Study of neonatal oncology may add to our knowledge of carcinogenesis and oncogenesis in the future.
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PMID:Neonatal oncology. 19 75

In a 2 1/2-year-old boy, a proptotic right lower lid developed one year after a primary abdominal mass proved to be Wilms' tumor. An orbital abscess or fungal infection was considered because the child was receiving chemotherapy. However, echography demonstrated a firm orbital mass, delineated its dimensions, and showed destruction of the orbital floor. The biopsy specimen showed metastatic tumor cells. Lile neuroblastoma and certain hematologic and reticuloendothelial malignant neoplasms, Wilms' tumor may secondarily invade the ocular adnexa.
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PMID:Wilms' tumor metastatic to the orbit. 19 92

Sequential angiographic studies were done in six children to stage and assess the results of radiation and/or chemotherapy of solid abdominal malignancies: one bilateral Wilms' tumor, two neuroblastomas, two hepatoblastomas and one hepatocarcinoma. Angiography was of value in demonstrating the tumor, its location, extent and vascular characteristics, as well as its regression and recurrence. Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma responded and well to radiation and chemotherapy with substantial decrease in tumor size and regression or disappearance of tumor neovasculature. Resceted tumors revealed this to be due to tumor necrosis, hemorrhage and/or cystic degeneration. Hepatoblastoma and hepatocarcinoma did not respond as well to chemotherapy, with only mild decrease in size and neovasculature of the tumor.
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PMID:Contribution of angiography to the diagnosis, staging and assessment of radiation and chemotherapy of solid abdominal malignancies in children. 20 6

Neuroblastomas developed in 10 of 31 Syrian hamsters inoculated intraocularly with JC virus, a human polyoma virus. The latent period was 6 to 11 months. Primary tumors occurred in the abdominal cavity, pelvis, mediastinum, and neck region. The origin of one tumor from the adrenal gland was demonstrated. Metastases were seen in the liver, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Two neuroblastomas arising in this experiment were transplanted serially in weanling hamsters, and a tissue culture cell line was established from one of the transplanted tumors. T-antigen was detected in three of five primary tumors tested and in the transplanted tumors. Antibody against T-antigen was demonstrated in sera from five of six animals with neuroblastomas. Neuroblastomas also developed after combined s.c. and i.p. injection of JC virus.
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PMID:Induction of peripheral neuroblastomas in Syrian hamsters after injection as neonates with JC virus, a human polyoma virus. 20 56

"Second-look" operations were performed in 32 infants and children with initially unresectable or recurrent solid tumors treated with combination chemotherapy and/or irradiation. Tumors were resectable in 26 of 32 cases (81%). These procedures often yielded information affecting staging and treatment. Disease-free survival was achieved in 18 of 32 patients (56%). Mortality was related to progressive disease in seven cases and opportunistic infections due to immunosuppression in three. Four additional patients are alive with evidence of persistent tumor. Second-look procedures were beneficial in patients with Wilms' tumor previously operated upon by a flank approach and in children with bilateral tumors. These procedures were particularly useful in children with stage III localized neuroblastoma and cases of metastatic neuroblastoma that respond to chemotherapy. Second-look operations were also useful in selected cases of rhabdomyosarcoma, teratoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. These observations suggest that combination chemotherapy has increased the use of second-look operations in a variety of less favorable (e.g. initially unresectable or recurrent) pediatric solid tumors.
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PMID:Experience with "second-look" operations in pediatric solid tumors. 20 64

Sixteen patients with abdominal neuroblastoma had 99m Technetium Phosphate Compounds (99m TC-PC) bone scans as a preoperative evaluation for metastatic disease. Ten patients (62%) had extraosseous tumor uptake while six patients (38%) did not. There was no difference in the incidence of tumor calcification, tumor necrosis or hydronephrosis in the two groups. However, VMA levels were significantly higher in the group with extraosseous tumor uptake. Various bone seeking radionuclides are compared to 99m TC-PC and possible mechanism for extraosseous uptake of such radionuclides are postulated. Awareness of the frequency of such uptake should reduce the possibility of errors in the interpretation of bone scans in patients with neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Extraosseous tumor uptake of 99m technetium phosphate compounds in children with abdominal neuroblastoma. 21 61


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