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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (
neuroblastoma
)
27,800
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Catecholamines induce bone resorption and hypercalcaemia by the beta-adrenergic effect in bone and
hypercalciuria
by the alpha adrenergic effect in kidney. The interplay between the alpha-adrenergic
hypercalciuria
and beta-adrenergic hypercalcaemia explains why in some, but not all, phaeochromocytomas hypercalcaemia occurs. The hypothesis predicts
hypercalciuria
in both phaeochromocytoma and
neuroblastoma
. In hyperthyroidism, negative calcium balance and hypercalcaemia cannot be attributed to the direct effect of thyroid hormones on the bone but can be explained by augmentation of the catecholamine effects on bone and kidney by thyroid hormones. The hypothesis offers a solution for an apparent paradox in hyperthyroidism of increased urinary cAMP while nephrogenous cAMP is decreased. It also explains why propranolol corrects hypercalcaemia without influencing renal calcium loss.
...
PMID:Catecholamines cause the hypercalciuria and hypercalcaemia in phaeochromocytoma and in hyperthyroidism. 33 Oct 32
The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a unique G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activated by extracellular Ca
2+
and by other physiological cations including Mg
2+
, amino acids, and polyamines. CaSR is the most important master controller of the extracellular Ca
2+
homeostatic system being expressed at high levels in the parathyroid gland, kidney, gut and bone, where it regulates parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, vitamin D synthesis, and Ca
2+
absorption and resorption, respectively. Gain and loss of function mutations in the CaSR are responsible for severe disturbances in extracellular Ca
2+
metabolism. CaSR agonists (calcimimetics) and antagonists (calcilytics) are in use or under intense research for treatment of hyperparathyroidism secondary to kidney failure and hypocalcemia with
hypercalciuria
, respectively. Expression of the CaSR extends to other tissues and systems beyond the extracellular Ca
2+
homeostatic system including the cardiovascular system, the airways, and the nervous system where it may play physiological functions yet to be fully understood. As a consequence, CaSR has been recently involved in different pathologies including uncontrolled blood pressure, vascular calcification, asthma, and Alzheimer's disease. Finally, the CaSR has been shown to play a critical role in cancer either contributing to bone metastasis and/or acting as a tumor suppressor in some forms of cancer (parathyroid cancer, colon cancer, and
neuroblastoma
) and as oncogene in others (breast and prostate cancers). Here we review the role of CaSR in health and disease in calciotropic tissues and others beyond the extracellular calcium homeostatic system.
...
PMID:The Calcium-Sensing Receptor in Health and Disease. 2769 78
