Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have developed a new method for the rapid isolation of tropomyosin-containing microfilaments from cultured cells using anti-tropomyosin monoclonal antibodies. Anti-tropomyosin monoclonal antibodies induce the bundle formation of microfilaments, which can be easily collected by low speed centrifugation. Electron microscopic studies of the isolated microfilaments show periodic localization of tropomyosin along the microfilaments of nonmuscle cells with a 33-34 nm repeat. Furthermore, the isolated microfilaments have the ability to activate the Mg2+-ATPase activity of skeletal muscle myosin to almost the same extent as skeletal muscle F-actin (filamentous actin). This microfilament isolation method is applicable to a variety of cell types, including REF-52 cells (an established rat embryo line), L6 myoblasts, 3T3 fibroblasts, Chinese hamster ovary cells, baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells, mouse neuroblastoma cells, gerbil fibroma cells, and chicken embryo fibroblasts. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel analysis shows that, in addition to actin, microfilaments isolated from REF-52 cells contain five species of tropomyosin with apparent Mr = 40,000, 36,500, 35,000, 32,400, and 32,000, alpha-actinin, and as yet unknown proteins with apparent Mr = 83,000 and 37,000. The molar ratio of total tropomyosin (dimer) to actin in the isolated microfilaments is 1:8. The patterns of these multiple forms of tropomyosin were found to change when REF-52 cells were transformed with SV40 or adenovirus type 5.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of tropomyosin-containing microfilaments from cultured cells. 613 66

Abdominal tumors in childhood are diagnosed almost always by palpation only, the retroperitoneal localization of these are confirmed by I.V.P. The new gray scale ultrasound machine seem to be very useful in the staging of the masses before the surgical operation. For the correct appreciation of the sensibility of gray-scale ultrasound, 6 Wilm's tumors, 6 neuroblastoma and 1 malignant retroperitoneal fibroma were reviewed. These children were echographied just before the surgical procedure and the surgeon's reports were compared with ultrasonics findings. If the sensibility is good to give measurement of the masse and to establish the situation of the tumor toward the midline of the abdominal cavity, the visualisation of the great vessels was not so obvious. However these hepatic structures were well established in all cases. The renal vein was never seen. At the end of this report it's possible to describe differential echographic findings between Wilm's tumor and neuroblastoma. --A Wilm's tumor is a mass well limited in periphery, confused with the kidney and with a frequent sonolucent rim sign. --A Neuroblastoma is a very irregular tumor well separated of the kidney without sonolucent area in its limit. U.S. made after an I.V.P. is in all cases very useful to surgeons. The two methods with their additional findings make almost always arteriography without interest.
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PMID:[Ultrasonography before surgical operation of retroperitoneal malignant tumors in childhood (author's transl)]. 724 38

The use of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the initial evaluation of pediatric bone and soft tissue tumors is controversial, especially for those patients being considered for histiogenetic-specific therapeutic protocols, e.g., the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group, the Pediatric Oncology Group. We retrospectively reviewed 33 consecutive FNAB specimens (28 primary tumors, 5 metastases) from 32 pediatric patients (< or = 19 yr of age), none of whom had a previously established tumor diagnosis. In one patient, FNAB of the primary tumor and a presumed axillary metastasis were obtained concomitantly. The cytomorphologic analysis included osteosarcoma, eight patients; rhabdomyosarcoma, five; neuroblastoma, five; Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, four; Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, three; and one each synovial sarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, infantile myofibromatosis, fibroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, and desmoplastic small round-cell tumor. Ancillary studies, e.g., immunocytochemical analysis, were used in 13 cases. Cytogenetic analysis helped to confirm one Ewing's sarcoma [t (11;22) (q24;q12)] and one synovial sarcoma [t(X;18) (p11;q11)]. With adequate FNAB specimens, a histogenetic-specific diagnosis was rendered in 27 (93%) of 29 cases, and all were correctly recognized as either benign or malignant. One case each of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, chondroblastoma, and infantile myofibromatosis yielded unsatisfactory specimens. Fibroma and desmoplastic small round-cell tumor were initially misclassified as nodular fasciitis and rhabdomyosarcoma, respectively. Of 18 patients clinically eligible for histogenetic-specific therapy protocols, an accurate diagnosis was obtained in 17 patients. With a multidisciplinary approach and judicious use of ancillary studies, FNAB represents a highly accurate and cost-effective technique for the diagnosis of pediatric bone and soft tissue tumors, especially sarcomas, and should be considered as a viable diagnostic technique for pediatric therapeutic protocols.
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PMID:The role of fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the initial diagnosis of pediatric bone and soft tissue tumors: an institutional experience. 979 16

Many extraocular masses involving the pediatric orbit have an osseous origin. The most common is the dermoid inclusion cyst; these cystic lesions may contain lipid and are most often found near the zygomaticofrontal suture, adjacent to an indolent-appearing erosion of bone. Some primary bone lesions may involve the orbit, producing a lytic or dense lesion with enlargement of the bone; these lesions include fibrous dysplasia, juvenile ossifying fibroma, and osteosarcoma. Fibrous dysplasia tends to produce a mass of ground-glass appearance with longitudinal osseous expansion, whereas juvenile ossifying fibroma is likely to produce a mixed lytic and sclerotic lesion and focal osseous enlargement. Osteosarcoma causes marked bone destruction and variable osteoid production. Langerhans cell histiocytosis, an idiopathic reticuloendothelial proliferative disorder, tends to involve the bones of the skull, especially the lateral orbital roof; it produces lytic destruction of bone with a sclerotic rim and a large intraorbital soft-tissue mass. Granulocytic sarcoma is a solid tumor that may occur in children with myelogenous leukemia. These tumors tend to arise in the subperiosteum of the lateral orbital wall, although they usually do not disrupt the bone. Finally, the orbit is a common site for bone metastases from neuroblastoma, which cause aggressive periosteal reaction in the orbital roof or lateral wall. The last three conditions are often bilateral. At imaging evaluation, osseous lesions may appear similar to each other and to nonosseous masses of the orbit. Knowledge of the pathologic features of these tumors and how these features are reflected in their imaging appearances may help radiologists differentiate them.
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PMID:From the Archives of the AFIP. Pediatric orbit tumors and tumorlike lesions: osseous lesions of the orbit. 1863 37

Tumors of the pediatric facial skeleton represent a major challenge in clinical practice because they can lead to functional impairment, facial deformation, and long-term disfigurement. Their treatment often requires a multidisciplinary approach, and radiologists play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of these lesions. Although rare, pediatric tumors arising in the facial bones comprise a wide spectrum of benign and malignant lesions of osteogenic, fibrogenic, hematopoietic, neurogenic, or epithelial origin. The more common lesions include Langerhans cell histiocytosis and osteoma, while rare lesions include inflammatory myofibroblastic and desmoid tumors; juvenile ossifying fibroma; primary intraosseous lymphoma; Ewing sarcoma; and metastases to the facial bones from neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma, or retinoblastoma. This article provides a comprehensive approach for the evaluation of children with non-odontogenic tumors of the facial skeleton. Typical findings are discussed with emphasis on the added value of multimodality multiparametric imaging with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), positron emission tomography CT (PET CT), and PET MRI. Key imaging findings and characteristic histologic features of benign and malignant lesions are reviewed and the respective role of each modality for pretherapeutic assessment and post-treatment follow-up. Pitfalls of image interpretation are addressed and how to avoid them.
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PMID:Non-odontogenic tumors of the facial bones in children and adolescents: role of multiparametric imaging. 2828 10