Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although neurologic manifestations are frequent during childhood shigellosis, their pathogenesis is unclear and controversial. Shiga toxin and other cytotoxins are often implicated, but their effect on neuronal cells has not been determined. We examined the effect of purified Shiga toxin and sonicates of Shigella isolates from children with neurologic symptoms on well-characterized human neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Quantitative determinations showed high cytotoxicity of Shiga toxin on HeLa cells (1.2 x 10(6) CD50/mg purified toxin), but no effect on LA-N-1, LA-N-5 and IMR neuroblastoma cell lines. Pretreatment with tumor necrosis factor, which increases expression of the Shiga toxin receptor, globotriosyl ceramide, in endothelial cells and enhanced Shiga toxin cytotoxicity, did not affect the susceptibility of neuroblastoma cells to the toxin. Low dilutions (up to 1:16-1:64) of sonicates of Shigella isolates from children with neurologic symptoms caused agglutination of neuroblastoma cells, but no cell killing was observed morphologically. This study shows that Shiga toxin does not exhibit cytotoxic activity on the human neuroblastoma cell lines examined, neither do sonicates of relevant Shigella strains. The mechanism and significance of the agglutination activity on neuroblastoma cells should be further studied.
 ...
PMID:The effect of shiga toxin and sonicates of Shigella isolates from children with neurologic manifestation on neuroblastoma cell lines. 804 41

A prospective study was performed on 20 bacteriologically proven pediatric cases of severe shigellosis admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Chulalongkorn Hospital during March 1989 to March 1990. Fourteen patients were male and six were female. Shigella B was found in 85% and Shigella D in 15% of cases. The major indications for admission were convulsions and dehydration. Fifteen per cent of cases had underlying malignancies and 42.1% had malnutrition. Most patients had a peak of fever between 39.5 and 40.5 degrees C, serum sodium between 128-144 mEq/l. Mild acidosis was detected in 45% and moderate acidosis in 30% of cases. There were no statistical differences in peak of fever and serum sodium between patients who had convulsion and who did not. Shigellemia was found in one case who also had underlying neuroblastoma. One patient died due to necrotizing enterocolitis, septic shock and renal failure. Most of the organisms found resisted to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). However, TMP-SMX was prescribed in most immunocompetent patients and they recovered well. All of three patients with underlying malignancy responded well to ceftriaxone.
 ...
PMID:Severe shigellosis in childhood. 1043 56