Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of the literature reveals that Wilms tumor is rare in adolescence. At the time of diagnosis 78 per cent of children are less than 5 years old. Of 17 cases of Wilms tumor seen at the Ontario Cancer Foundation Clinic in Kingston from 1973 to 1975, 3 children were between 16 and 17 years old. Of 316 cases registered in Ontario with the Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation only 5 were in the 15 to 19-year age group. The possibility of Wilms tumor in patients beyond the usual age group is not considered as a differential diagnosis because of its relative rarity. Patients may present with features suggestive of neuroblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, hydronephrosis, cholecystitis, appendicitis and twisted ovarian cyst as seen in our 3 patients. In comparison, a review of 84 reported cases of renal cell carcinoma in children from 1934 to 1974 showed 5 cases in the 15 to 18-year age group.
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PMID:Wilms tumor in adolescence. 21 65

Pentoxifylline (Trental), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with platelet aggregation inhibitory effect, was shown to decrease spontaneous metastases in a Wilms' tumor model in Furth-Wistar rats and in neuroblastoma C1300 in A/J mice. It was ineffective in the NIH renal adenocarcinoma in BALB/cCr mice.
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PMID:Studies on platelet aggregation inhibitors in vivo. VIII. Effect of pentoxifylline on spontaneous tumor metastasis. 23 97

A 26-year-old woman had a neuroblastoma during infancy; an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma at age 16 years, with hepatic recurrences during the next ten years; and multifocal renal cell carcinoma. Neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma, despite their common embryologic origin, to our knowledge have not been previously reported as separate tumors in the same patient. Although many attributes of the patient's tumors suggest a hereditary disorder, thorough investigation disclosed no evidence of heritable conditions associated with any of these tumors in the patient or her family members. Long-term observation of persons surviving after treatment of neuroblastoma will be necessary to determine whether this case represents a previously unidentified tumor predisposition or a sporadic occurrence.
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PMID:Neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Occurrence in a single patient. 49 Aug 9

During the past 3 years, eight hospitals and one cooperative study group have reported their initial clinical results with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II). The most popular clinical schedule was 15-25 mg/m2/day for 5 days repeated every 3-4 weeks. Almost all patients had extremely advanced disease. Of 323 patients in whom response could be evaluated, there were 12 complete responses, 25 partial responses (greater than 50% decrease in tumor size), and 23 improvements (greater than 50% decrease in tumor size) for a 19% overall response rate. The tumor most sensitive to cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) was testicular carcinoma in which seven complete responses, three partial responses, and three improvements were observed in 16 patients treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Other sensitive tumors were lymphoma (63% response and improvements), squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (41% response and imporvements), and ovarian carcinoma (40% response and improvements). Complete responses were also seen in one patient with thyroid carcinoma and two with bladder carcinoma, while partial remissions were recorded in two patients with breast carcinoma and one patient each with acute myelogenous leukemia, endometrial carcinoma, renal carcinoma, malignant thymoma, neuroblastoma, adenocarcinoma of the lung, and an undifferentiated tumor of unknown origin. Five major types of toxicity were encountered: gastrointestinal, hematopoietic, immunosuppressive, otologic, and renal, with the last two generally the most serious. Serial audiometry testing can generally warn of the otologic toxicity and thus prevent permanent acoustic damage. Renal toxicity, which is similar to that seen with heavy-metal poisoning, appears to be dose related, cumulative, and only partly reversible, thus, severely limiting the repeated administration of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II). Recent laboratory studies suggest that combination chemotherapy with this drug may be rewarding. Studies of this nature should be pursued along with attempts to find more effective less toxic platinum compounds.
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PMID:Review of the current clinical status of platinum coordination complexes in cancer chemotherapy. 110 40

The resistance that many cancer patients show to the progress of their disease, attested to by well documented cases of spontaneous regressions as in neuroblastoma, hypernephroma, choriocarcinoma and malignant melanoma, and the long-term dormancy of multiple metastases seen particularly after removal of a primary mass, can be explained only by host defense mechanisms. Attemps at immunotherapy over the years are reviewed and new directions are presented.
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PMID:Immunologic approach to cancer therapy. 111 68

A rare case of a fifty-six-year-old female with neuroblastoma is presented. Possible implications as to etiology are discussed, and the radiographic similarities between renal cell carcinoma and neuroblastoma are presented.
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PMID:Neuroblastoma presenting as renal cell carcinoma in an adult. 116 20

The immunogenicity of the antigen molecule is a prerequisite for active specific immunotherapy for melanoma. Since most of the melanoma-associated antigens recognized by the murine immune system are known to be not immunogenic in man, a detection and analysis system for melanoma-associated antigens is required to reflect in vivo immune responses in patients with melanoma. One of the promising approaches, an attempt to develop human monoclonal antibodies from B lymphocytes of patients with melanoma, has met with limited success due to the difficulties of producing large amounts of antibodies and using them in immunochemical assays, because most of them belong to the IgM class and have low affinity. Our approach is to utilize the screening of a cDNA expression library constructed from mRNA extracted from cultured melanoma cells with antibodies from patients with melanoma. The cloned cDNA, designated as D-1, had 1029 bp and showed no significant homology with viral and mammalian sequences stored in GENETYX. cDNA D-1 hybridized to a 2.0 kb mRNA species from 3 different cell lines of human melanoma, neuroblastoma, erythroleukemia, B lymphoid, and T lymphoid cells, but not from a renal carcinoma cell line, normal peripheral lymphocytes, or normal fibroblasts. The in vivo expression and distribution of mRNA related to cDNA D-1 has been examined in tissue specimens by in situ hybridization and shown to be rather restricted on melanoma cells. The polypeptide antigen encoded by cDNA D-1 may be a valuable immunogen for implementing active specific immunotherapy in patients with melanoma.
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PMID:Melanoma-associated antigen synthesized in vitro for active specific immunotherapy. 129 70

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) was performed under ultrasound guidance on 17 abdominal masses in 16 pediatric patients at Baragwanath Hospital. The aspirated cellular material was assessed by conventional cytomorphology and by electron microscopy (EM). A diagnosis of malignancy was rendered for all 15 tumors that were adequately sampled (88.2%); the remaining 2 masses yielded insufficient material for either light microscopy or EM. Cytologic cell typing (including the use of EM) was successful in 12 of the 15 tumors (80%) as compared with the histologic diagnosis. EM was in agreement with the initial cytologic diagnosis in eight tumors, but corrected the initial impression in four tumors. The tumors with adequate aspirates included nine nephroblastomas and single examples of neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, renal carcinoma and malignant rhabdoid tumor. The last three were not accurately typed by cytology plus EM. These preliminary results suggest that FNA cytology with adjunctive EM could become a useful technique in the preoperative assessment of pediatric abdominal tumors.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration of pediatric abdominal masses. Cytologic and electron microscopic diagnosis. 185 56

The purpose of this study was to identify human melanoma-associated Ag (MAA) that are immunogenic in patients, because these molecules may be useful immunogens to implement active specific immunotherapy. To this end, an expression cDNA library constructed from the human melanoma cell line A375 was screened with sera from patients with melanoma. A 1029-bp cDNA (designated D-1) was isolated. Its nucleotide sequence showed no significant homology with viral and mammalian sequences stored in GE-NETYX. cDNA D-1 hybridized to a 2.0-kb mRNA species from human melanoma, neuroblastoma, erythroleukemia, B lymphoid, and T lymphoid cell lines but not from a renal carcinoma cell line, PBL, and cultured skin fibroblasts. The D-1 clone produced a fusion protein that displayed a significantly higher reactivity with sera from patients with melanoma than from healthy controls. Furthermore, D-1 fusion protein induced in mice antibodies that immunoprecipitated a 50-kDa component from cultured human melanoma cells. The structural properties of D-1 MAA are different from those of previously described MAA. These results suggest that the approach we have applied may be useful to identify novel MAA expressed by melanoma cells. Furthermore, the immunogenicity of recombinant D-1 protein suggests that it may be a valuable immunogen to implement active specific immunotherapy in patients with melanoma, if additional experiments show that it has the appropriate tissue distribution.
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PMID:Cloning and in vitro expression of a melanoma-associated antigen immunogenic in patients with melanoma. 186 Oct 72

Constitutional chromosome abnormalities that may predispose a group of individuals to develop certain neoplasms have been reported for some human solid tumors. Deletions of 13q in retinoblastoma, 11p in Wilms' tumor, 1p in neuroblastoma, 3p in renal cell carcinoma, 5q in colorectal carcinoma and 22q in meningioma are examples of such anomalies. In breast carcinoma, a specific cytogenetic defect has not been conclusively identified. We have studied Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes of 76 breast cancer patients, 68 predisposed family members, 40 controls, and 30 additional controls with lung cancer to determine whether nonrandom chromosome defects are present. From each sample 100, G-or Q-banded metaphase spreads were studied for rearrangements. A marked clustering of alterations in the long arm of chromosome no. 1 (q11-22) was seen in breast cancer patients and in some predisposed family members. Alterations in 1q were present in 1% to 3% of metaphases, and included translocations to chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 9, 12, 15, 17, 18, 21 and the X; deletion of 1q, or pericentric inversion. Twelve out of 62 (19.3%) familial cases, 3 out of 14 (21.4%) sporadic cases, 9 out of 68 (13.2%) predisposed cases and 2 out of 40 (5%) control cases showed 1q alterations. None of the 30 lung cancer patients showed chromosome 1 anomaly in this region. This is consistent with the reports on primary breast tumor tissues, cell lines and pleural effusions where 1q defects have been reported. We conclude that chromosome 1q rearrangement might be one of the primary lesions specifically associated with the development of breast cancer.
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PMID:Chromosome anomalies in human breast cancer: evidence for specific involvement of 1q region in lymphocyte cultures. 188 38


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