Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The proto-oncogene c-src codes for two tyrosine kinases, pp60c-src and pp60c-srcN. The latter protein appears to be exclusively expressed in neurons and neuronally differentiated tumors. In cell lines derived from neuroblastoma and small-cell lung carcinoma, src expression correlates positively with neuroendocrine differentiation. However, pp60c-srcN is expressed only in highly differentiated neuroblastomas. Although c-src expression in neuroendocrine tumors probably reflects and is the result of the differentiation stage at which the tumors have been arrested, high c-src expression and kinase activities in non-neuroectodermal tumors, e.g., colon carcinoma, breast carcinoma, might instead be a part of the malignant phenotype and contribute to the development of these tumors.
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PMID:src expression in small-cell lung carcinoma and other neuroendocrine malignancies. 217 63

Nineteen cases with malignant tumors in the nasal cavities have been treated at the department of otolaryngology, Yokoharma City University, during the 10 years from 1978 to 1987. 1. Cases were 8 males and 11 females, and their ages ranged from 27 to 84 years (Mean age: 64.6). 2. In the histological classification, 9 cases were the epithelial malignant tumors (squamous cell carcinoma 5; adenoid cystic carcinoma 2; transitional cell carcinoma 1; malignant pleomorphic adenoma 1), 9 cases were non-epithelial malignant tumors (malignant melanoma 6; malignant lymphoma 2; olfactory neuroblastoma 1), and one case was unclassified malignant tumor. 3. Cases with epithelial malignant tumors showed better prognosis after treatment of surgical and radiation therapy. But those of non-epithelial malignant tumor were worse. 4. A very rare case with malignant pleomorphic adenoma, originated at the lateral nasal wall was reported and its clinical features and treatment were discussed. This tumor has not been reported up to the present in Japan.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of malignant tumors in the nasal cavity]. 217 85

Plain X-rays computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images all yield information on the pathophysiology of diseases with spinal involvement. Descriptions of the following nuclear medicine methods are presented: Bone scanning with 99 m-technetium labeled phosphonate complexes used for the evaluation of skeletal metastases, primary bone tumors, traumatic, degenerative, and postoperative changes as well as in inflammatory conditions. Specific radionuclides used for the localization of inflammatory conditions are radioactive labeled leucocytes. Iodine total body scans used to detect spinal metastases of follicular and papillary thyroid carcinoma. 201-thalliumchloride is used as a tumor-marker with high affinity and sensitivity in malignant thyroid tumors. 131- or 123-iodine-meta-iodobenzylguanidine scans used in the detection of metastases of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma. Immunoscintigraphy with radioactive labeled anti-CEA antibodies used for the specific labelling of metastases of gastrointestinal tract tumors, melanoma, breast, and ovarian carcinoma. The value of the various nuclear medicine methods in the diagnostic schedule is illustrated in case reports.
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PMID:Nuclear medicine studies in the differential diagnosis of diseases with spinal involvement. 218 44

Carboplatin was administered at 1,000 mg/m2/course in combination with etoposide at 300 mg/m2/course to 23 patients aged 5 months to 16 years. Five patients were affected by neuroblastoma, four by CNS tumors, three by Ewing's sarcoma, two by rhabdomyosarcoma, two by malignant teratoma, two by Wilms' tumor, two by head and neck carcinoma, one by hepatoblastoma, one by synovial sarcoma, and one by Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. Eleven patients were pretreated, seven of them with high-dose cisplatin. The overall response rate was 7/11 (64%) for pretreated and 10/12 (83%) for previously untreated patients. Myelosuppression was the main side effect, with anemia and thrombocytopenia more pronounced than leukopenia. Gastrointestinal toxicity and ototoxicity were very mild; nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity other than hearing loss were not observed. In children with malignant tumors, the therapeutic activity of carboplatin at high doses, even in combination chemotherapy, deserves further studies.
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PMID:A pilot study of high-dose carboplatin and pulsed etoposide in the treatment of childhood solid tumors. 220 54

Olfactory neuroblastomas are rare tumors whose clinical prognosis is not predictable by assessment of initial stage or grade. The pathologic diagnosis is often difficult because of the wide range of the patient's age and histologies. In this report, we document that the diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma can be clarified by immunohistochemical demonstration of a unique antigenic profile that can be obtained in routinely processed biopsies. We describe four cases of olfactory neuroblastoma diagnosed and treated from 1979 to 1989, each confirmed by immunohistology. One of our patients was misdiagnosed twice at an outside institution, first as having nasopharyngeal carcinoma and then as having small-cell, undifferentiated "oat cell" carcinoma. Despite accurate tumor diagnosis and appropriate therapy, we found that there was no apparent correlation of clinical outcome with Kadish clinical stage or histologic grade of tumor.
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PMID:Olfactory neuroblastoma: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of four representative cases. 221 35

The validity of SPECT measurement of iodine-131 (131I) concentration was tested in vitro in phantoms and in vivo by measuring bladder urine concentrations. Phantom studies comparing known and SPECT measured concentrations showed a good correlation for 131I (r = 0.98, s.e.e. = 20.94 counts/voxel) for phantoms of 25 to 127 cc and concentrations of 0.13 to 9.5 microCi/cc. The in vivo, in vitro correlation of 131I concentrations in the urine was also good (r = 0.98, s.e.e. = 0.677 microCi/cc). Quantitative SPECT was used to calculate the effective half-life and dosimetry of radioiodine in 12 sites of thyroid carcinoma in seven patients. SPECT was also used to determine the dosimetry of [131I]MIBG (metaiodobenzylguanidine) in two patients with carcinoid, two with neuroblastoma, and one with pheochromocytoma. The radiation dose for thyroid carcinoma metastases varied between 6.3 and 276.9 rad/mCi. The dose from MIBG varied between 13.4 and 57.8 rad/mCi. These results indicate the validity of quantitative SPECT for in vivo measurement of 131I and the need to measure the concentration of 131I in individual human tumor sites.
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PMID:SPECT quantitation of iodine-131 concentration in phantoms and human tumors. 226 90

Two patients presented with primary meningiomas arising in the paranasal sinuses. Despite nonspecific symptoms, both patients had extensive local clinical disease. One patient had a lateral rhinotomy with total removal of tumor; he has remained well for 3 years. The second patient, who was not a surgical candidate because of her cerebrovascular disease, was identified retrospectively. Her tumor was not originally studied using current day morphologic methods. She was irradiated following a diagnosis of malignant tumor. The histologic features of nasal meningioma are similar to those of conventional intracranial lesions, including nuclear pseudoinclusions. Although the unusual location may suggest carcinoma, melanoma, or olfactory neuroblastoma, adjunctive use of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry can be combined to arrive at the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Meningioma of the paranasal sinuses. A report of two cases. 229 84

A 75-year-old woman had breast carcinoma, an IgA paraprotein and autopsy-proven amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Autopsy tissues showed immune-reactive IgA within surviving motor neurons and deposits of IgA and C3 within renal glomeruli. By indirect immunofluorescence, the patient's serum contained high-titer IgA that bound to axons and to the perikarya of nerve cells in central and peripheral nervous system. The IgA paraprotein reacted with the 200 kDa, high molecular weight subunit of neurofilament protein (NFH) in Western blots of purified neurofilaments. It also reacted with dephosphorylated NFH and with NFH expressed as a fusion protein in E. coli, suggesting that the autoantibody recognized a peptide epitope. The IgA crossreacted with a surface antigen of cultured human neuroblastoma cells but mouse monoclonal antibodies to NFH did not. Absorption of the patient's serum with neurofilaments eliminated IgA binding to neuroblastoma cells, indicating that the same antibodies bound to both determinants. The IgA paraprotein seems to be an autoantibody with specificity for neurofilament protein and a cell surface component of neuronal cells; the antibody may have been important in the pathogenesis of neuronal degeneration.
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PMID:A monoclonal IgA in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis reacts with neurofilaments and surface antigen on neuroblastoma cells. 236 86

Amebae of 8 strains of Naegleria gruberi were able to destroy 10 established mammalian cell lines including lung, kidney, ovary, connective tissue, neuroblastoma, and laryngeal and cervical carcinoma cells. The strains of N. gruberi varied in their ability to produce a destructive effect (DE) in African green monkey kidney (Vero) cell cultures. However, cell line susceptibility was found to be equivalent when tested with the considerably destructive 1518/l strain of N. gruberi. The Vero cell line proved to be a useful indicator culture for assessing the destructive potential of N. gruberi strains. Other factors affecting the extent of DE produced were ameba to mammalian cell ratio and the length of time that amebae were maintained in cell culture.
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PMID:Mammalian cell cultures affected by Naegleria gruberi. 237 24

An epithelial cell surface antigen is described which is defined by monoclonal antibody HEA125 (IgG1). The antibody was raised against the colon carcinoma cell line HT-29. Under reducing conditions HEA125 immunoprecipitates a surface glycoprotein of Mr 34,000 which was designated Egp34. The antigen does not contain disulfide-linked subunits. A slightly different migration behavior under non-reducing conditions (Mr 39,000) may be due to intrachain disulfide bonds. After enzymatic cleavage of N-linked carbohydrate residues the apparent molecular weight of the antigen was 29,000. Egp34 is a major cell surface component of HT-29 cells (10(6) molecules per cell). No antigen could be detected in the sera of colorectal cancer patients. A panel of malignant cell lines and normal cells was studied for surface expression of the antigen. 17/17 carcinoma lines of 6 different origins expressed the antigen, whereas 16/16 melanoma, neuroblastoma, sarcoma and lymphoma/leukaemia were unreactive as it was the case for normal fibroblasts and blood cells. Immunoperoxidase staining of frozen tissue sections with HEA125 demonstrated the presence of Egp34 in almost all normal epithelia and tumours derived therefrom. No reactivity with non-epithelial tissues was observed. Undifferentiated carcinomas of various origins homogeneously expressed Egp34. Therefore, HEA125 may become a valuable tool for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of carcinoma.
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PMID:Epithelium-specific surface glycoprotein of Mr 34,000 is a widely distributed human carcinoma marker. 244 34


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