Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Early, noninvasive diagnosis of tumors is relevant, especially for rare, often asymptomatic, thus - hard to detect in curable stages of the disease - tumors, as neuroendocrine tumors (NET). To avoid or supplement the NET management via application of invasive biopsy or expensive imagining techniques, the biochemical evaluation of biomarkers from easy accessible body fluids could be the great, potential diagnostic or prognostic tool. Nevertheless, already existed biochemical diagnostic tools for NET must be improved. Biogenic amines' (BA) determination in biological samples is significant for the description of the most NET, such as pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma or carcinoid tumor. The bioanalytical approaches applied for the analysis of BA concentration in patient's body fluids still are required to be improved. It is caused by the low BA levels in real samples, their distinct physiochemical properties, light sensitiveness and easy degradation in the presence of oxygen, among others. Moreover, the interpretation of single analyte result is not clinically sufficient recently and more precise biomarkers or - more ideally - panels of several biomarkers are considered to be simultaneously measured and analyzed. Therefore, the NET-management "gold standards" can be routinely modified. Accordingly, presented review will focus on the recent status of BA analysis treated as the potential biomarker in terms of analytical method development applied for the real patients' samples analysis. Furthermore, the main advantages of current dominance of panel of biomarkers analysis for the NET patients diagnosis, follow up and monitoring of the therapy, will be underlined.
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PMID:Non-invasive screening for neuroendocrine tumors-Biogenic amines as neoplasm biomarkers and the potential improvement of "gold standards". 2734 36

Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is structurally similar to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine and specifically targets neuroendocrine cells including some neuroendocrine tumors. Iodine-131 (I-131)-labeled MIBG (I-131 MIBG) therapy for neuroendocrine tumors has been performed for more than a quarter-century. The indications of I-131 MIBG therapy include treatment-resistant neuroblastoma (NB), unresectable or metastatic pheochromocytoma (PC) and paraganglioma (PG), unresectable or metastatic carcinoid tumors, and unresectable or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). I-131 MIBG therapy is one of the considerable effective treatments in patients with advanced NB, PC, and PG. On the other hand, I-131 MIBG therapy is an alternative method after more effective novel therapies are used such as radiolabeled somatostatin analogs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced carcinoid tumors and MTC. No-carrier-aided (NCA) I-131 MIBG has more favorable potential compared to the conventional I-131 MIBG. Astatine-211-labeled meta-astatobenzylguanidine (At-211 MABG) has massive potential in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Further studies about the therapeutic protocols of I-131 MIBG including NCA I-131 MIBG in the clinical setting and At-211 MABG in both the preclinical and clinical settings are needed.
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PMID:Current Consensus on I-131 MIBG Therapy. 3010 Sep 38

No current histological or cytological indices can distinguish reliably malignant from benign tumors in neuroendocrine tumors, including pheochromocytomas, pancreatic endocrine tumors, and carcinoid tumors. We investigated immunohistochemically the expression of Ki-67 in 52 neuroendocrine tumors, including 17 pheochromocytomas, 9 pancreatic endocrine tumors, 23 carcinoid tumors, 2 neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), and 1 neuroblastoma with liver metastasis. Of the 52 tumors, distant metastasis was observed in 4 pheochromocytomas, 2 pancreatic endocrine tumors, 4 carcinoids, 2 NEC, and 1 neuroblastoma. We classified these tumors into 3 groups; Groups A, B, and C, depending on the number of Ki-67-positive cells counted under a 200 x magnified field. Expression of Ki-67 was extremely high in group A (> 50 labeled nuclei/field), moderately high in group B (20-50 labeled nuclei), and very low in group C (< 10 labeled nuclei). There was a significant correlation between expression of Ki-67 and tumor progression. The tumors in group A progressed rapidly with the worst outcome; the tumors in group B progressed slowly but with a bad outcome; and the tumors in group C had no metastasis and a good prognosis. Ki-67 is an excellent indicator to assess progression of neuroendocrine tumors.
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PMID:Ki-67 is an indicator of progression of neuroendocrine tumors. 3213 54


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