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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Case reports of neuroblastoma revealed that some individuals are genetically predisposed and that this genetic predisposition may have other consequences. According to a mutation model, two classes of individuals could acquire neuroblastoma. One (prezygotic) was a rare class that carried a dominant gene imparting high risk of the tumor. The other (postzygotic) comprised all other individuals, each at low risk. The model related tumor incidence to germinal and somatic mutation rates and thereby carried implications for environmental modification of tumorigenesis and demographic variation in incidence. Case reports also revealed associations of neuroblastoma with congenital defects and a susceptibility to second tumors. Analogy with retinoblastoma and Wilms' tumor of the kidney suggested that these associations could result from action of a neuroblastoma gene or from chromosomal aberration. One known dominantly inherited condition, von Recklinghausen's disease, could dispose to neuroblastoma and create some associations. According to the two-mutation model, neuroblastoma may have been a single recessive gene disorder at the level of the cell. The phenomena of aganglionosis, neuroblastoma in situ, maturation of neuroblastoma to ganglioneuroma, and spontaneous regression suggested that such a neuroblastoma gene interfered with normal developmental processes. The specificities of this gene and of those for von Recklinghausen's disease and pheochromocytoma suggested that the functiof a membrane macromolecule.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Sep
PMID:Developmental genetics of neuroblastoma. 18 2

In developing a chemotherapeutic program for children with disseminated neuroblastoma, we established three human neuroblastoma lines in cell culture to study the effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, papaverine, 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and cyclophosphamide on cell growth, biochemical behavior, and morphology. Based upon our studies, a clinical treatment program was designed. We have treated 15 patients with disseminated neuroblastoma and have established the optimum dose range and sequence of these drugs. Early results were promising; plans for continuation of clinical and experimental studies were discussed.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Sep
PMID:A rationale for the treatment of metastatic neuroblastoma. 18 4

A close collaboration between E.N.T. surgeons and pathologists permitted us to obtain 6 cases of olfactory esthesioneuroma in which fresh tumor tissue was available. Histochemical and biochemical studies were made in comparison with neuroblastoma. Different reactions and assays performed revealed a similarity with sympathetic tumors. Moreover, the presence of catecholamines in esthesioneuroma provides a great help in diagnostic as does electron microscope examination.
Cancer 1977 Jul
PMID:A new histochemical approach to olfactory esthesioneuroma. A nasal tumor of neural crest origin. 19 6

Mycophenolic acid, an inhibitor of inosinate dehydrogenase, had cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on cultured neuroblastoma cells. Proliferation was inhibited by 50% when cells were incubated with 0.07 micrometerM mycophenolic acid, and cell viability was reduced by 83% when cells were treated with 10 micrometerM mycophenolic acid for 24 hr. Treatment of monolayer cultures with mycophenolic acid reduced intracellular concentrations of guanosine triphosphate by 70% within 3 hr, whereas cytidine triphosphate and uridine triphosphate concentrations were significantly elevated, and adenosine triphosphate concentrations were increased only slightly. Reduction of cellular guanine nucleotides had differential effects on rates of macromolecular synthesis: incorporation of radioactive thymidine into acid-insoluble material was inhibited by mycophenolic acid to a much greater extent than was that of adenosine and leucine. Although proliferation of neuroblastoma cells was inhibited, differentiation, as judged by formation of neuronlike processes in serum-free medium, was unaffected by decreased intracellular concentrations of guanosine triphosphate.
Cancer Res 1977 Sep
PMID:Biological effects of inhibition of guanine nucleotide synthesis by mycophenolic acid in cultured neuroblastoma cells. 19 25

All known tumor types have been reported in the neonate. A numerical listing and discussion are beyond the scope of this review. Wells and Fraumeni give some insight into common congenital malignant neoplasms. Table 2 lists the percentage of neonatal deaths caused by type-specific cancers. Retinoblastoma is probably the most common malignant tumor in the neonate. About seven per cent of these tumors have been apparent at birth. This tumor is not discussed in either article because it is not lethal until muypes in neonatal and pediatric patients. Some congenital malformations in the in the neonate are recognized as being frankly benign (cysts), potentially malignant (teratomas), and frankly malignant (neuroblastoma). A high percentage of teratomas are benign in the newborn period. Leukemia in the newborn appears to be more aggressive yet neuroblastoma has a better prognosis. More studies are needed to help us define why the neonate does better with some tumors and worse with others. Surface cell markers on neonatal leukemia, B and T cell function studies, and other immunologic surveillance studies are needed. Study of neonatal oncology may add to our knowledge of carcinogenesis and oncogenesis in the future.
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PMID:Neonatal oncology. 19 75

Three infants with congenital neuroblastoma received a primary series of diptheria-pertassis-tetanus (DPT) immunizations during and after courses of chemotherapy with immunosuppressive medications. Serum IgG, IgA and IgM levels and antidiphthria and antitetanus antibody responses were measured and compared with those of normal infants of similar age. Protective levels of antibody were achieved by the study patients as well as by the control group. These results support the view that children with malignancies who are receiving chemotherapy should not be denied immunization with inactivated vaccines.
Cancer 1977 Sep
PMID:Antibody responses in normal infants and in infants receiving chemotherapy for congenital neuroblastoma. 19 94

Sequential angiographic studies were done in six children to stage and assess the results of radiation and/or chemotherapy of solid abdominal malignancies: one bilateral Wilms' tumor, two neuroblastomas, two hepatoblastomas and one hepatocarcinoma. Angiography was of value in demonstrating the tumor, its location, extent and vascular characteristics, as well as its regression and recurrence. Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma responded and well to radiation and chemotherapy with substantial decrease in tumor size and regression or disappearance of tumor neovasculature. Resceted tumors revealed this to be due to tumor necrosis, hemorrhage and/or cystic degeneration. Hepatoblastoma and hepatocarcinoma did not respond as well to chemotherapy, with only mild decrease in size and neovasculature of the tumor.
Cancer 1978 Feb
PMID:Contribution of angiography to the diagnosis, staging and assessment of radiation and chemotherapy of solid abdominal malignancies in children. 20 6

Neuroblastomas developed in 10 of 31 Syrian hamsters inoculated intraocularly with JC virus, a human polyoma virus. The latent period was 6 to 11 months. Primary tumors occurred in the abdominal cavity, pelvis, mediastinum, and neck region. The origin of one tumor from the adrenal gland was demonstrated. Metastases were seen in the liver, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Two neuroblastomas arising in this experiment were transplanted serially in weanling hamsters, and a tissue culture cell line was established from one of the transplanted tumors. T-antigen was detected in three of five primary tumors tested and in the transplanted tumors. Antibody against T-antigen was demonstrated in sera from five of six animals with neuroblastomas. Neuroblastomas also developed after combined s.c. and i.p. injection of JC virus.
Cancer Res 1978 Jun
PMID:Induction of peripheral neuroblastomas in Syrian hamsters after injection as neonates with JC virus, a human polyoma virus. 20 56

A review of the literature reveals that Wilms tumor is rare in adolescence. At the time of diagnosis 78 per cent of children are less than 5 years old. Of 17 cases of Wilms tumor seen at the Ontario Cancer Foundation Clinic in Kingston from 1973 to 1975, 3 children were between 16 and 17 years old. Of 316 cases registered in Ontario with the Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation only 5 were in the 15 to 19-year age group. The possibility of Wilms tumor in patients beyond the usual age group is not considered as a differential diagnosis because of its relative rarity. Patients may present with features suggestive of neuroblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, hydronephrosis, cholecystitis, appendicitis and twisted ovarian cyst as seen in our 3 patients. In comparison, a review of 84 reported cases of renal cell carcinoma in children from 1934 to 1974 showed 5 cases in the 15 to 18-year age group.
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PMID:Wilms tumor in adolescence. 21 65

Neuroblastoma x glioma in NG108-15 cells possess opiate, alpha-adrenergic, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which mediate an inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Growth of cells for 12--48 hours in the presence of a receptor--activator gradually results in a compensatory increase in adenylate cyclase activity. Withdrawal of the receptor ligand then results in relatively long-lived increases in adenylate cyclase activity and intracellular cAMP levels. Thus cells grown in the presence of morphine, norepinephrine, or acetylcholine seem to become dependent on the compound to maintain normal cAMP levels.
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1978 May
PMID:Studies on synapse formation and opiate dependence. 21 60


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