Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027819 (neuroblastoma)
 27,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The development of a new serological assay method to detect antibodies in human sera recognizing Borna disease virus (BDV) proteins and a clinical pilot study are presented. Psychiatric patients from a schizophrenia research clinic in Baltimore, Maryland, were examined for antibodies to BDV antigen with traditional indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) that used both single and double labeling techniques and also with a Western blot assay capable of detecting antibodies to the three BDV proteins from a human neuroblastoma cell line. Thirteen of 90 (14.4%) patients and 0/20 control subjects had antibodies that recognized more than one BDV protein on the Western blot. Three patients had antibodies that recognized all three BDV proteins. Magnetic resonance imaging assessments of the volume of the putamen (with controls for total cranial volume) differentiated BDV+ from BDV- patients, and there were trend differences for bilateral amygdalae and the left amygdala-hippocampal process. We conclude that: (1) the Western blot assay is superior to IFA assays in BDV serology studies, (2) detection of antibodies to more than one BDV protein is a useful working criterion for seropositivity, (3) the 14.5 kDa BDV protein is 10 times more predictive of seropositivity than either the 38/40 kDa or the 24 kDa protein, (4) there is tentative evidence for a schizophrenia-control difference in the prevalence of anti-BDV antibodies, and (5) it is likely that there are neuroanatomical/behavioral features that differentiate seropositive from seronegative schizophrenic patients.
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PMID:Borna disease virus and schizophrenia. 779 40

Borna disease is a rare but severe neurological disease of horses and sheep. Borna disease virus (BDV) has not been fully characterized because cell-free virus has not been isolated. Homogenates of infected brain are infectious both for animals and for some cell lines in culture. We report here the partial purification and characterization of cell-free BDV from the tissue culture supernatant of infected human neuroblastoma SKNSH cells. A single negative strand 10-kb RNA was detected in purified virions. Immunoprecipitation analysis of the BDV proteins in purified virions shows the presence of the 60-, 38-, 24-, and 14-kDa proteins previously identified as BDV-specific proteins in infected cells.
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PMID:Partial purification and characterization of Borna disease virions released from infected neuroblastoma cells. 818 47

Borna disease virus (BDV) is a neurotropic nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus with limited homology to rhabdoviruses and paramyxoviruses. A distinguishing feature of BDV is that it replicates in the nucleus of infected cells. Strand-specific probes used for in situ hybridization of infected rat brain showed that there was differential localization of positive- and negative-strand RNAs within the nucleus of neurons. Within nuclei, sense-strand RNAs were preferentially localized within nucleolar regions while genomic-sense RNAs were found in both nucleolar and nonnucleolar regions. These results suggested a role for the nucleolus in BDV replication. Nucleoli isolated from persistently infected neuroblastoma cells contained both genomic and antigenomic BDV RNA species as well as an enrichment of the 39/38-kDa and gp18 BDV proteins. Since the nucleolus is the site of rRNA transcription, we examined BDV transcription in the presence of inhibitors of RNA polymerase I. Inhibition of RNA polymerase I did not affect levels of BDV transcription.
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PMID:The nucleolus is the site of Borna disease virus RNA transcription and replication. 969 79

Whereas the role of dopaminergic tone in the cortico-striatal-thalamic system is well-established, the role of endogenous opioids in the function of this system is less understood. We show that Borna disease virus infection of adult rats results in an increase in preproenkephalin transcripts in the striatum of Borna-infected rats, a region important for forming coordinated sequential motor actions and in developing programmes of thought and motivation. Stereotypic behaviours and dyskinesias, the clinical hallmarks of infection in adult Lewis rats (BD rats), are accompanied by a disrupted pattern of immediate early gene c-fos activation in the motor thalamus, with significance for the breakdown in coordinated sequential motor actions. We also find increased preproenkephalin in infected cultured neuroblastoma and rat foetal glial cells. The expression pattern of enkephalin mRNA in vivo and in vitro suggest that increased enkephalin function is one of the neuropharmacological means by which Borna disease virus causes motor disease of animals and possibly cognitive and affective disease in man, and further suggest that enkephalins play a critical role in the maintenance of a balanced tone of activity in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loops.
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PMID:Key role for enkephalinergic tone in cortico-striatal-thalamic function. 1243 Dec 35