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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The merits of evaluating the parietal extension of lung cancers is emphasized by the new TNM classification. CT and MRI have added to the conventional radiological techniques. The authors successively analyze the contribution of these techniques to the assessment of extension of lung cancers to the wall, including the costal and phrenic compartments, to the pleura and to the apex. Lung radiographs show obvious lesions, such as extensive costal lysis and major pleural extensions. Computed tomography has better sensitivity and specificity than lung radiographs to establish pleuroparietal involvement; it is best performed in the inclined plane of the ribs and in the high-resolution mode. The presence of costal lysis means parietal involvement, while the integrity of the pleura can be established if the lesion remains at a distance from the wall. The persistence of an extrapleural fatty rim between the tumor and the wall allows ruling out parietal extension. MRI provides accurate details in case of doubtful CT findings for the extension to the costovertebral groove, to the intervertebral foramina, to the peridural space and to the diaphragm. Its major asset is to assess the vertebral, vascular and nervous extension of cancers of the apex pulmonis.
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PMID:[How can the extension of lung cancer to the osteo-muscular wall of the diaphragm, the pleura and the apex be assessed radiologically?]. 133 67

Between January 1982 and January 1990, 120 newly diagnosed pediatric patients were treated at The Chaim Sheba Medical Center. Sixty three (52.5%) tumors arose in the posterior fossa and 57 (47.5%) appeared supratentorially. A wide variety of histologic subtypes was seen, each requiring tumor-specific treatment. The modern imaging techniques-CT and MRI-offered better planning of operation, treatment and follow up. All children with highly malignant tumors were treated with combination chemotherapy besides the 'conventional radiotherapy'. Since 1987 the "eight in one day" protocol has been used extensively pre- and post-irradiation. Five-year survival, varied significantly according to tumor type, location and stage. The average delay from presentation of symptoms to diagnosis was 6 months. A multidisciplinary approach has been used in the treatment, rehabilitation and follow-up of these children. In this study, the results of treatment are presented and the role of chemotherapy is discussed.
Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother 1992
PMID:The management of pediatric brain tumors in a tertiary center. 134 58

A case of germ cell neoplasm in an undescended retroperitoneal testicle is reported. CT revealed a large mass most consistent with a chronic hematoma. MRI demonstrated findings typical for neoplasm, and this was confirmed on biopsy.
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PMID:Retroperitoneal germ cell neoplasm: MR and CT. 134 39

Extracerebral cavernous hemangioma is a rare entity, only 51 cases have been reported up to 1991. Most of the extracerebral cavernous angiomas occur in the parasellar region and easily extend to the sella; with CT and MRI views entirely different from those of intracerebral cavernous hemangiomas. The CT scan shows a good, homogeneous enhanced tumor, similar to a meningioma, yet lacking calcification or bony hyperostosis. In MRI, the characteristic findings of extracerebral cavernous hemangioma are the very high signal intensity in the T2 weighted image, and strong homogeneous enhancement by Gadolinium-DTPA. Here we report two cases of parasellar cavernous hemangioma. A 68-year-old male patient shown to have a dumbbell tumor in the parasellar and sellar regions by CT scan, showed a high density before contrast, and good enhancement by an iodine contained contrast medium. The tumor had a very high signal intensity in the T2 weighted image of MRI and a good, homogeneous enhancement by Gadolinium-DTPA, yet a carotid angiogram showed it was avascular. Surgical removal was abandoned in view of the probability of massive bleeding. The second case was a 34-year-old man, who had had a skin hemangioma on the right side of the face since his childhood. For the past 3 months, he had suffered from ptosis, and limitation of eye movement which was found to be due to 3rd and 4th cranial nerve palsy. CT showed a good enhanced tumor mass in the left side of the parasellar region with sellar extension. MRI also showed a high intensity in T2WI and good, homogeneous enhancement by Gadolinium-DTPA. A carotid angiogram revealed some tumor stain. Surgical removal. in this case, was also impossible due to its intracavernous sinus location and the probability of massive bleeding.
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PMID:[CT and MRI of parasellar cavernous hemangioma in two cases]. 135 66

A 40-year-old female who had lung and liver metastases from malignant pheochromocytoma was treated with 3.7 GBq 131I-MIBG (metaiodobenzylguanidine). After the treatment, 131I-MIBG showed increased uptake in the metastatic lesions of the lung and liver. The size of tumor was no significant change on CT and MRI, but the intensity of liver metastases decreased gradually on MRI. Prior to the treatment, the levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline were high. One to three days after treatment, the level of these laboratory data further increased, but they gradually decreased in 1 to 3 months. These changes may be due to necrosis of tumor tissue.
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PMID:[Radionuclide therapy of Sipple syndrome using iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine]. 136 May 50

We report a case of AFP producing gastric cancer manifested by metastasis to the tentorium cerebelli. A 66-year-old male patient was admitted with dysarthria, occipital headache and nausea on May 1, 1990. Neurological examination revealed signs of increased intracranial pressure and the right-sided cerebellar hemispheric signs. CT and MRI showed a round tumor shadow 3cm in diameter, which originated in the right-side tentorium cerebelli and grew in the posterior fossa. Tumor stains fed by the right tentorial artery were recognized by angiography. Serum AFP level was 503.5ng/ml. The patient underwent an operation under general anesthesia in the prone position. The tumor was totally removed via the suboccipital transtentorial approach. Histological examination revealed AFP producing adenocarcinoma. The patient was found to have a gastric cancer after neurosurgical operation, and underwent subtotal gastrectomy by surgeons. Serum AFP level was 254.5ng/ml after removal of metastatic brain tumor, and 5.0ng/ml after subtotal gastrectomy.
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PMID:[AFP producing gastric cancer manifested by metastasis to the tentorium cerebelli; case report and review of the literature]. 137 52

In 1992, the staging and follow-up of testicular germ cell tumours is based on a combination of computed tomography and tumour markers. Due to the development of medical imaging over the last decade, abdominal and thoracic CT has now replaced the combination of lymphography and pulmonary tomographies. Testicular ultrasonography is valuable for the diagnosis and contributes to staging and follow-up. The chest x-ray is still performed and MRI has very exceptional indications. Tumour markers, essentially alpha-foetoprotein and the free beta fraction of human chorionic gonadotrophin, are useful in more than 80% of NSGCTs and about 15% of seminomas (beta-HCG alone). A very high initial level often indicates a poor prognosis. Monitoring of markers is essential after exclusive orchidectomy and to assess the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Staging evaluation and surveillance in tumors of the testicle]. 137 62

Blood flow of deep pelvic and abdominal tumors was investigated with the thermal clearance method, dynamic CT and dynamic MRI. There are good correlations between the measurement values obtained by these methods. A low flow was observed in rectal cancer and soft tissue sarcoma in contrast to pancreatic cancer and hypernephroma. The temperature increase induced by regional hyperthermia was dependent on the individual tumor blood flow. Dynamic CT can be used pretherapeutically and predict the quality of a heat treatment, which is important with regard to concepts consisting in radiotherapy or chemotherapy plus hyperthermia.
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PMID:Clinical investigations on blood perfusion in human malignancies of the pelvis and abdomen: significance for tumor therapy. 137 57

We report the CT findings in a patient with pineoblastoma metastatic to the peritoneum via a VP shunt. A large, soft tissue tumor mass was revealed in the pelvis with associated peritoneal seeding and ascites. The initial intracranial tumor biopsy and later biopsy of metastatic peritoneal tumor demonstrated identical tissue diagnostic for pineoblastoma. Patients with intracranial malignant neoplasms and VP shunts will be followed during or after treatment with MRI brain scans. Periodic CT abdomen scans should be obtained to detect potential peritoneal metastases early to allow more effective treatment.
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PMID:Metastatic pineoblastoma via a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: CT demonstration. 139 82

A case report of a leiomyoma of the chest wall is presented. So far as we examined, this is the first case of the leiomyoma of the chest wall in Japan. A 40-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow in the right upper lung area in a chest X-ray film. The thoracic CT and MRI demonstrated a tumor of the chest wall projecting into the thoracic cavity. The tumor was excised. Histological examination indicated that the tumor was a benign leiomyoma. This tumor seems to originate from the wall of the small vessels histologically. The patient's postoperative course is uneventful.
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PMID:[A case of leiomyoma of the chest wall]. 140 89


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