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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One must conclude on the basis of the above analysis that tumor doses in excess of 3,600 or 4,000 rads add only to morbidity, and not to local control. Secondly, the technique of irradiating involved lymph node groups only, leaving other areas to be treated "later," apparently denies the possibility of cure to a significant number of patients with early stage Hodgkin's disease. Recurrence or extension almost uniformly leads to eventual death from disease despite retreatment. No case of second primary cancer has been documented in the patient population included in this report. However, the number at risk is relatively small and chemotherapy was reserved only for generalized recurrence. Since the reported 20 times expected incidence occurred with the combination of total-nodal and multple-agent chemotherapy, one would not expect an increased incidence of second primary lesions in this series.
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PMID:Irradiation of stage I and II Hodgkin's disease. 111 49

A discussion of the management of breast cancer in young women is presented. The rate of growth of breast cancer is not influenced by the age of the patient, as reflected in the fact that the expected survival rate for women of all ages is 50% at 5 years. Although it has been reported that the time lapse for the recurrence of cancer was less for younger women with affected nodes than older women, the literature is not in agreement on this point. The prognosis for women in whom cancer is diagnosed in late pregnancy, or during lactation, is usually grave. Pregnancy subsequent to treatment of breast cancer poses problems, though it has been reported that the survival rate of pregnant women following mastectomy is improved. It is recommended that a young, nulliparous woman should not be discouraged from having children after the removal of a small localized tumor. Permanent sterilization may be preferable to oral contraception for women who probably should not have another pregnancy. In the United Kingdom, the mortality rate from breast cancer in women aged 35-44 has increased by almost 20% from 1968 to 1972. A marked reduction in the early recurrence of breast cancer in premenopausal women with nodal deposits has been reported as a result of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy.
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PMID:Editorial: Breast cancer in young women. 113 69

Thirty-nine patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma underwent repeat lymphography. The radiographic findings and effects on clinical management are discussed. The repeat examinations were technically no more difficult to perform than the initial studies. Repeat lymphograms were positive for tumor in 44% of cases. Positive findings were more frequent in patients who received no prior subdiaphragmatic irradiation or in whom the initial study demonstrated lymphomatous infiltration. Interpretative problems include reactive hyperplasia, post-irradiation lymph node alterations, and the lymph nodal distortion occasionally encountered in the treated lymph node which had been involved with tumor.
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PMID:Repeat Lymphography in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. 114 49

A case of primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix in which the patient had the usual symptoms of acute appendicitis is presented. A review of the literature showed the potential for early extension and nodal metastasis in this lesion and led to the recommendation of right hemicolectomy as the treatment of choice. The operation should be done either primarily or secondarily after an appendectomy and should lead to a five-year survival of approximately 45%. Every effort should be made to make the diagnosis and provide definitive treatment at the primary operation by examining the appendix grossly and obtaining frozen section microscopic study of any suspicious tumor or ulceration.
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PMID:Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix. 116 12

Carcinomas in the superior pulmonary sulcus produce a clinical pattern peculiar to their location. Pancoast (1932) defined tumors in this precise location and described a characteristic group of clinical findings now known as the Pancoast syndrome. Experience with a total of 92 patients with primary carcinomas in the superior pulmonary sulcus treated by combined preoperative irradiation and extended resection in 61 patients (66 per cent) reveals 16 of 46 patients eligible surviving over 5 years (34 per cent) and eight of 30 patients alive over 10 years (29 per cent). Stage of nodal involvement, extent of the tumor, cell type, and pathological effects of preoperative irradiation in the resected specimens are the important factors in prognosis.
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PMID:Carcinomas in the superior pulmonary sulcus. 118 86

Twenty-six consecutive patients with melanoma of the lower extremities metastatic to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes were subjected to laparotomy. No patient had preoperative evidence of tumor dissemination past the superficial inguinal nodes. However three patients (12%) had metastases to the liver or para-aortic lymph nodes documented at laparotomy and were not subjected to iliac and obturator lymph node dissection. One of these patients had concomitant local recurrence of melanoma at the ankle. The other two patients had superficial inguinal lymph nodes at least 5 cm in diameter, although two other such patients with similar 5 cm lymph nodes did not have positive intra-abdominal findings. The remaining 23 of the 26 patients underwent ipsilateral iliac and obturator lymph node dissection, which proved positive in 3/23 patients (13%). Of these 23 patients undergoing iliac and obturator node dissection, 18 had clinically positive (and microscopically positive) superficial inguinal nodes prior to their dissection, while the remaining 5 patients had clinically negative (but microscopically positive) superficial inguinal nodes. The three cases of positive dissected iliac and obturator nodes occurred among the 18 patients with clinically positive superficial inguinal nodes (17%). Among the 5 patients with clinically negative, microscopically positive superficial groin nodes, there was no detectable deep inguinal nodal spread (or hepatic or para-aortic involvement).
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PMID:Staging laparotomy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma of the lower extremities. 119 Aug 73

Two cases of symptomatic renal angiomyolipoma are presented, and their distinctive clinical, radiologic, and histologic features are discussed. In the first case the scout film demonstrated radiolucency of the tumor which helped to distinguish it from carcinoma. In the second case, which was associated with tuberous sclerosis, the renal lesion was large and unifocal, and the local lymph nodal involvement with tumor raised the possibility of malignant transformation.
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PMID:Renal angiomyolipoma: two varieties. 120 32

We studied and followed up 112 African patients with Kaposi's sarcoma for at least 3 years or until death to determine what features of the disease at presentation most accurately predicted the prognosis. The clinical pattern of disease at presentation was most important. All patients with generalized disease died of their disease; the only deaths among those with nodular disease were due to intercurrent illness. The 3-year survuval rate among patients with locally aggressive lesions with 64%. We could obtain greater refinement of prognosis by noting the response to a dinitrochlorobenzene challenge, the presence of nodal involvement, and the histologic pattern of the tumor. The age and sex of the patient influenced the pattern of disease likely to be found, but the prognosis for a given clinical pattern was the same in both sexes and at different ages.
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PMID:Prognosis in Kaposi's sarcoma. 120 54

The records of 96 consecutive patients who underwent mediastinoscopy and were ultimately shown to have bronchogenic carcinoma were reviewed. Indirect tests for mediastinal tumor metastases in these patients included bronchoscopy and chest roentgenograms in all 96, mediastinal laminagrams in 65, esophagograms in 27, carinal biopsy in 23, bronchograms in 5, pulmonary angiograms in 5, azygograms in 2, and aortograms in 2 patients. Of the 43 patients in this series in whom all indirect tests revealed no metastases, mediastinoscopy showed nodal involvement in 11 (28%), who were thus spared unnecessary thoracotomy. On the other hand, if negative mediastinoscopy had not cast doubt on the validity of indirect tests that seemed to show metastases, an operation might actuallly have been denied to 14 patients who were ultimately proved to have anatomically resectable disease.
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PMID:Is mediastinoscopy necessary in the evaluation of lung cancer? 121 1

The significance and the pronostic value of nodal involvement were studied in patients suffering from mammary carcinoma over the past fifteen years at the Institute Gustave-Roussy. An average of eighteen lymph nodes per patient were examined by routine methods. In 70% of the cases there was axillary involvement as well as in 42% of the cases classified as NO. Such involvement seems to proceed step by step from the lower lymph nodes to the upper ones and is significantly more frequent when the tumor is located externally or centraly (70%) than when the tumor is located in an internal quadrant (55%). Involvement of the interpectoral chain of Rotter was found in only 12% of these cases and practically never in an isolated manner. Internal mammary chain involvement, present 25% of the cases, did not seem to be connected to a median or lateral location of the tumor. The number of involved nodes has great prognostic significance, much more so than the presence of capsular rupture or sinus histiocytosis. The prognosis is much poorer if three or more nodes are involved: the seven year survival is about 85% when 0, 1 or 2 nodes are involved, and falls to 44% when three or more are involved.
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PMID:[Local and regional lymph node invasion in breast cancer]. 121 23


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