Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-six cases of carcinoma of the cervix with positive pelvic or para-aortic nodesdiagnosed by lymph node scan, lymphangiogram, and/or biopsy have received radiation therapy to the para-aortic nodal area at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Megavoltage radiation delivering a tumor dose of approximately 5000 rads in 5 weekshas been used. Of 26 patients avaiable for foloowup for 2 years, 11 were alive; of 8 followed for 5 years, 4 were alive. The severe complication rate was 19.5%, with a 5.5% mortality. Conclusions an- implications for further therapy are discussed.
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PMID:Treatment of para-aortic nodes in carcinoma of the cervix. 80 11

One hundred patients with localized breast carcinoma have been treated by radiation alone from July 1, 1968, until June 30, 1973, at the Joint Center for Radiation Therapy. Patients were referred for many reasons, including changing opinions as to the indications for mastectomy. External beam therapy to the tumor bearing volume and its regional nodal chains has been frequently supplemented by iridium 192 interstitial implantation. Local control has been excellent, particularly in early stage disease. Regionally advanced mammary carcinoma, despite apparently adequate local therapy, demonstrates a rapidly falling survival curve, suggesting the need for early systemic chemotherapy.
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PMID:Radiation as primary treatment for local control of breast carcinoma. A progress report. 80 97

Mediastinoscopy is often utilized for staging bronchogenic carcinoma. Whether it should be used routinely or selectively is controversial. Fifty-four patients with bronchogenic carcinoma were prospectively assigned to one of two groups based on the presence (group A) or absence (group B) of one or more of the following criteria: (1) central location; (2) mediastinal nodal enlargement; (3) involvement of laryngeal nerve; and (4) noncentral location plus linear stranding toward the hilum. Mediastinoscopy was performed on all patients in group A. Thoractomy for definitive staging was performed on those patients in group A with negative mediastinoscopic findings for neoplasm and on all patients in group B. Criteria 1, 2, and 3 were found to be valid; 22 of the 27 patients in group A who had any of these criteria had positive mediastinoscopic findings for neoplasm. Criterion 4 per se was found to be invalif; all seven of the patients in group A who had this isolated finding had negative mediastinoscopic findings for neoplasm and had resectable lesions. Twenty-three of the 27 patients in group B had no mediastinal involvement and had resectable lesions. These data indicate that selective mediastinoscopy using criteria 1 through 3 reduces the number of negative examinations and unnecessary thoracotomies to a minimum.
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PMID:Selective mediastinoscopy. 83 84

Survival after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) for carcinoma of the pancreas is uniformly poor. In the absence of nodal metastasis this may be due to extension of tumor beyond the line of resection of the pancreas or to a multicentric origin of the tumor. The material reviewed contained an illustration of the latter circumstance and provides a logical reason for recommending total pancreatectomy as the procedure of choice in resectable pancreatic carcinoma.
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PMID:Total pancreatectomy for carcinoma of the pancreas. 83 1

Thirteen consecutive patients with inoperable recurrent malignant melanoma were treated by immunochemotherapy with the use of chlorambucil noncovalently bound to goat or rabbit antihuman melanoma globulins. The next consecutive 11 patients fulfilling the criteria for admission into this study were treated with chemotherapy only, i.e., dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide (DTIC). Follow-up was for a minimum of 29 months or until death. Two patients showing an objective response to immunochemotherapy had disease confined to lymph nodes and cutaneous sites; 5 others showed stabilization of cutaneous, nodal, and visceral disease, and 6 patients showed progression of their disease. The median survival of the responders and stabilizers was 20 months, but only 3.5 months for patients with disease progression. None of the 11 patients treated with DTIC had objective tumor regression, and all died within 11 months of the start of treatment with a median survival of 3 months. Immunochemotherapy significantly prolonged the survival compared to that in the DTIC-treated group (P less than 0.05). No hematologic or renal toxicity was detected after immunochemotherapy, but 2 patients in this group developed anaphylactic reactions. Skin reactivity tests to dinitrochlorobenzene and purified protein derivative were of no prognostic value
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PMID:Immunochemotherapy of malignant melanoma with chlorambucil-bound antimelanoma globulins: preliminary results in patients with disseminated disease. 84 89

This study presents a retrospective look at 115 patients evaluated here from 1957 to 1974. In this series, 57 percent were males and 43 percent females, 84 percent were Caucasian and 16 percent Negro. Lesions confined to or originating in the antrum made up 67 percent while nonantral lesions were 33 percent. Mean age at diagnosis was 59.1 years. Smoking and drinking history did not appear to be contributory. Antral lesions were retrospectively staged according to Sisson's TNM classification. Sixteen tumor types were involved, with the most common being epidermoid. Diagnosis was most often made by intranasal or Caldwell-Luc biopsy. Most frequent symptoms, as well as earliest symptoms, were nasal obstruction, localized pain, and epistaxis. Average duration of symptoms was 6.4 months. Therapy was generally in the form of radiotherapy alone, preoperative radiotherapy and surgery, surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, or surgery alone. Local recurrences occurred in 44 percent of antral lesions and 50 percent of non-antral lesions. Regional (cervical) nodal metastases developed in 25 percent of antral lesions and 11 percent of non-antral lesions. Distant metastases developed in 30 percent of antral cases and 35 percent of non-antral cases. Five-year survival was 32 percent (35 percent determinate) for the total group. The more advanced the staging of the antral lesions, the worse the prognosis. Best survival figures were in the areas of preoperative radiotherapy and surgery at 38 percent (43 percent) and surgery alone at 56 percent (59 percent).
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PMID:Malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses: (a retrospective study). 85 Apr 51

The authors looked for the percentage od sex chromatin in benign (73 cases) and malignant (131 cases) female mammary tumors. The sex chromatin was present in at least 30% of nuclei in benign tumors. On the other hand, in malignant tumors, the sex chromatin was present in 4 to 30% of nuclei in 42 cases and over 30% of nuclei in 76 cases. We observed one or two sex chromatin in the same nuclei in 12 malignant tumors. No correlation was observed between the percentage of sex chromatin and other prognostic factors : TNM (tumor, nodes, and metastasis), histological grading, nodal involvement, hormonal status. The authors also observed the survival after radical treatment. Therefore, this may raise the question of the value of the test.
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PMID:Sex chromatin in tumors of the female breast (the problem reviewed). 86 56

Pelvic lymph nodes from 80 patients with primary invasive cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy were evaluated morphologically. Six to 25 (mean 14) lymph nodes from each patient were examined histologically and classified as follows: lymphocyte preominant, germinal center predominant, unstimulated, or lymphocyte depleted. Tumors were classified according to their primary cell type: large cell non-keratinizing, keratinizing squamous cell, small cell, and adenocarcinoma. There was no direct relationship between lymph node morphology and patient age, lesion size, or tumor cell type. A lymphocyte predominant nodal pattern was associated with a statistically significant decrease in lymph node metastases, and tumor recurrence, and an increase in patient survival. In contrast, patients with a lymphocyte depleted nodal pattern had a high incidence of metastatic disease and tumor recurrence, and a decreased survival. Patients with lymph nodes showing an unstimulated or germinal center predominant pattern had an intermediate incidence of nodal metastases and tumor recurrence. These findings suggest that regional lymph nodal morphology may be of prognostic significance in patients with invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
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PMID:The prognostic significance of pelvic lymph node morphology in carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 87 61

Four consecutive patients with measurable recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva were treated with Adriamycin, in small doses approximately 45 mg/square meter of body surface area every 3 weeks. Three patients achieved objective regression of nodal metastases and residual tumor with clinical subjective benefit. Tumor control was maintained for 32, 31+, and 28+ weeks.
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PMID:Adriamycin treatment of advanced vulvar carcinoma. 87 32

Sixteen women, twelve with stage 2 and four with stage 3 mammary cancers, were given autografts of irradiated cancer cells immediately after simple mastectomy and before postoperative radiotherapy, as a pilot trial with entry limited for ethical and operational reasons. Entry was based upon the presence of the poor prognostic features of tumor diameter exceeding 4 cm, fixation to skin or fascia or presence of axillary lymph nodal metastases. Actuarial survival curves for a period of six years show significant (p less than 0.01) prolongation of survival of the small autografted group (63% at six years) compared to that (30% at six years) of 139 ungrafted stage 2 mammary cancer patients treated by mastectomy and postoperative radiotherapy. The concept of deficiency of a treatment based upon person-years lived is introduced and used to analyze the data. The observations and analyses support the theoretical concept that irradiated autografts of cancers may sensitise residual cancer to subsequent conventional radiotherapy and in the process can activate systemic immunological restraints.
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PMID:Prolonged survival after immunotherapy (irradiated cancer autografts) or mammary cancers, assessed by a measure of therapeutic deficiency. 88 May 58


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