Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighty-seven colorectal carcinomas were studied histologically with special reference to grade of tumor, reactions of stromal tissue, and the morphology of regional lymph nodes. A special search was focused on the morphologic manifestations of possible host factors. The most interesting findings were: 1) nuclear grade of the tumor correlated with five-year survival; 2) the content of tumor-derived mucus was not a prognostic determinant; 3) the intensities of stromal lymphocyte and mast-cell reactions correlated with survival; 4) an active lymph-node paracortical area was almost incompatible with the appearance of nodal metastases.
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PMID:Tumor-host relationships in colorectal carcinoma. 63 34

Three hundred and two carcinomas of the female breast were studied histologically with special reference to the morphologic aspects of the tumor, its surrounding host tissue and the regional lymph nodes. The nuclear grade of the tumor was positively correlated with the five year survival rate of the patient. Tumor metastases in the regional lymph nodes were observed to be a sign of a poor prognosis. The stromal lymphocyte and mast cell reactions did not correlate with the frequency of nodal metastases or the five year survival rate. Sinus histiocytosis in the lymph nodes was a sign of favorable five year survival because of its presence in cancer-free nodes only. The paracortical activity of the lymph nodes was an important determinant of whether or not tumor metastases appear in the node.
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PMID:Tumor-host interrelationships in carcinoma of the female breast. 66 8

Neoplasms of the left upper lobe may spread directly to the anterior mediastinal group of nodes without involving the inferior tracheobronchial, superior tracheobronchial, or paratracheal nodal chain. Routine cervical mediastinoscopy does not sample the anterior mediastinal node group. Parasternal anterior mediastinotomy was performed in 28 patients with left upper lobe carcinoma and normal findings from cervical mediastinoscopy. Despite the normal findings at cervical mediastinoscopy, 10 of the 28 patients were deemed to have inoperable disease because of spread of the neoplasm to the anterior nodal group or because of direct neoplastic involvement of the aorta or main pulmonary artery. All patients in whom results of anterior mediastinotomy were normal had resectable lesions at thoracotomy. Fourteen of the 16 patients who came to thoracotomy had normal hilar nodes. Parasternal anterior mediastinotomy, introduced by Chamberlain, should be performed in addition to standard cervical mediastinoscopy if the nodal drainage of left upper lobe neoplasms is to be more completely evaluated. Combining these two procedures samples all major drainage pathways except the posterior mediastinal nodal chain.
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PMID:Value of anterior mediastinotomy in bronchogenic carcinoma of the left upper lobe. 68 60

One hundred and thirty eight gastric carcinomas were studied histologically with special reference to the morphology of the tumor, its surrounding tissues and the regional lymph nodes. A special search was focused on the morphologic manifestations of possible host factors in association with gastric carcinoma. The most prominent findings were as follows: 1. The nuclear grade of the tumor was positively correlated with the 5-year survival rate of the patients. 2. The content of tumor-derived mucus was not a prognostic determinant. 3. The intensity of the stromal lymphocyte and plasma cell reactions did not affect the prognosis but was inversely related to the frequency of nodal metastases. 4. Sinus histiocytosis and nodal mast cell reactions were an important determinant of whether nodal metastases appear or not. 5. An active paracortical area of the lymph node was almost incompatible with the appearance of nodal metastases.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in gastric carcinoma. 68 79

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were performed by radioimmunoassay in 234 patients with histologically proved breast cancer: 181 with advanced metastatic disease and 53 without distant metastases but nodal involvement at time of mastectomy. Four hundred and thirty-four assays were done and correlated with the clinical status of the patients. Values above 2.5 ng/ml were taken as abnormal. Active disease was associated with elevated plasma CEA levels. Very high values were not recorded in 109 patients when they were considered to be in complete remission, while only 22 patients out of 63 patients with progressive disease had normal values. In 16 of these values remained normal despite progression of disease. In 6 patients clinical relapse preceded CEA elevation by 2--5 months. Tumor burden and abnormal serial CEA values showed positive correlation in 38 patients. In 30 patients, change in clinical status and CEA values occurred simultaneously. In only 2 patients an increase in CEA value occurred 2--3 months before clinical documentation of relapse.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with breast cancer: an adjunctive tool to monitor response and therapy. 69 17

Eighty-two patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease who were in apparent complete remission (CR) after receiving 10 courses of combination chemotherapy were systematically reevaluated for persisting disease. Occult Hodgkin's disease was found in 10 (12%) of these patients and was predominantly present in nodal sites (91%) which were known to have been involved at initial staging (100%). Repeat chest radiography, Gallium-67 tumor scanning and lymphography were the most helpful procedures for detecting residual disease. Nine of the 72 (13%) patients felt to be free of disease after negative restaging subsequently relapsed within 8 months. Sites of early relapse, like the sites of disease found at restaging, occurred almost always in previously involved nodal areas. We conclude that systematic restaging should be incorporated into subsequent lymphoma trials in order to define more clearly complete remission and that every patient treated for lymphoma should undergo a careful restaging evaluation before therapy is discontinued.
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PMID:Systematic restaging in patients with Hodgkin's disease: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. 70 42

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determinations were obtained prior to therapy in 300 patients with invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix followed at the University of Kentucky Medical Center from 1971 to 1976. Carcinoembryonic antigen levels were elevated (greater than 2.5 ng/ml) in 48% of cervical cancer patients, and varied directly with stage of disease and histologic differentiation of the tumor. Plasma CEA levels were more commonly elevated in patients with endocervical adenocarcinoma than in those with squamous cell carcinoma, but were not related to vascular invasion in the specimen or regional lymph nodal morphology. Two hundred and four patients had 2 to 15 (mean = 5) follow-up plasma CEA determinations after treatment. Thirty patients had progressively increasing plasma CEA levels following therapy, of which 29 developed recurrent cervical cancer. A progressive rise of plasma CEA preceded the clinical diagnosis of recurrence by 1 to 23 months (mean = 6 months) in 13 of these patients, and occurred at the same time or after the clinical diagnosis of recurrence in 16 cases. Patients with progressively rising plasma CEA levels following therapy for cervical cancer should be extensively evaluated to rule out the presence of occult recurrence.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 1. The prognostic value of serial plasma determinations. 71 19

A renal-cell carcinoma was discovered and resected in a 38-year-old female patient who had microcytic normochromic anemia. During treatment with ferrous gluconate, the anemia regressed temporarily but reappeared with the onset of metastases to the abdominal lymph nodes. Heavy deposits of hemosiderin were observed in tumor cells in the resected kidney and lymph nodal metastases. It is postulated that the anemia resulted from metabolic diversion and storage of iron by the tumor cells.
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PMID:Microcytic normochromic anemia associated with iron storage by hypernephroma. 72 79

When Stage I and II cancers of the breast and their axillary lymph nodes were grown in the same tissue culture, a phenomenon of lymphocytic migration from the nodal explants to the tumor explants was observed. The lymphocytes infiltrated in and around the tumor nodules with cytotoxic effects; concomitantly, there was lymphocytic depletion in the nodal explants. The lymphocyte migration was particularly apparent when the axillary lymph nodes showed hyperplasia of the paracortical area and/or sinus histiocytosis. No correlation was found between the migration and the histologic type of disease or the degree of malignancy, but a strong correlation was observed between 1) the migration and the presence or absence of metastases in the explanted lymph nodes, and 2) the extent of the metastatic involvement in vivo. The lymphocyte migration was present only in the patient either uninvolved lymph nodes or only a small number (1-3) of metastatic nodes.
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PMID:Axillary lymph-node and breast carcinoma interrelations in organ culture. 72 69

In the past, surgical treatment of cutaneous melanoma has been determined largely by assessment of the regional nodes by clinical palpation. More recently, an increasing number of reports indicate that measurement of the histologic thickness of primary melanomas and evaluation of the level of penetration of tumor cells into the dermis can predict the likelihood of development of nodal metastases. In addition performance of fine needle aspiration of questionably involved regional nodes has provided cytologic data regarding nodal metastases. The role of certain procedures, such as prophylactic (elective) node dissection remains clouded because adequate numbers of properly controlled studies have not been reported. However, increasing knowledge of important prognostic factors, cytologic findings from needle aspiration of regional nodes, as well as the clinical assessment of regional nodes, can all aid formulation of more rational management recommendations.
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PMID:Surgical management of advanced cutaneous malignant melanoma. 76 94


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