Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six oncogenically transformed cell lines were obtained following infection of hamster embryo fibroblasts with UV-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) or with an HSV-2 temperature-sensitive mutant. All lines produced undifferentiated fibrosarcomas in newborn hamsters, four of the six lines produced metastatic tumors in the lung, and sera from tumor-bearing hamsters contained neutralizing antibody to HSV-2. HSV-specific cell-surface antigen (s) was detected by immunogluorescence tests in all six of the lines established from primary tumors. Antibody to an early, HSV-specific, non-structural polypeptide (VP134) reacted by immunofluorescence with antigen(s) in fixed preparation of three of the six tumor-cell lines.
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PMID:Oncogenic transformation of primary hamster cells by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and an hsv-2 temperature-sensitive mutant. 16 48

The elution profile of aspartyl transfer RNA (aspartyl-tRNA) from reversed phase 5 chromatography for tRNA from a spectrum of animal tissues and tumors and human tumors has been examined. It was found that SV40-induced hamster tumors, BHK21/cl 13 cells in culture, certain carcinogen-induced tumors in the Ehrlich ascites tumor, and a number of human carcinomas and adenocarcinomas contained a distinct increase (3- to 20-fold) in the percentage of a late-eluting aspartyl-tRNA over that found in nonmalignant tissues, other animal tumors, and in human melanomas and sarcomas. The ability of the late-eluting aspartyl-tRNAAspIV to bind to ribosomes in the presence of the codons for aspartic acid was compared to that of aspartyl-tRNAAspIII and was found to be approximately the same. Also, the ability of each of the 4 isoaccepting species of aspartyl-tRNA to engage in ribosomal incorporation of aspartic acid into a polypeptide was determined. All 4 isoacceptors function equally well in the amino acid incorporation.
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PMID:The distribution and properties of aspartyl transfer RNA in human and animal tumors. 16 64

The neural crest origin of cells secreting amine and polypeptide hormones (APUD cells) is a unifying concept. The relationship of the classical endocrine system to that of tumor hormone secretion can be explained by the diffuse migration and later neoplasia of these unique cells. This paper describes the APUD cell origins of oat cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Oat cell carcinoma as a malignant apudoma. 16 43

A linked cell-free system has been developed which is capable of transcribing and translating mamalian viral DNA, and its characteristics and requirements are outlined. In this system, simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA Form I (supercoiled) directed the synthesis of discrete polypeptides up to 85,000 daltons in size. One of these products was indistingusihable from authentic major virus capsid protein VPI, as judged by mobility on sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gels, antibody predipitation, and peptide analyses. The cell-free products larger than VPI comprised a number of polypeptides ranging in molecular weight from 50,000 to 85,000. These polypeptides demonstrated no immunological relationship whatsoever to the structural protein VPI. However, two of these products, along with one of approximately 25,000 dlatons, were precipitated with antiserum to SV40 tumor antigen. Linear SV40 DNA generated by the cleavage of Form I DNA with the restriction endonuclease EcoR1 was an efficient template in this system and also directed the synthesis of a polypeptide migrating with VPI on polyacrylamide gels. The potential of this system for defining a functional map of a DNA genome is discussed.
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PMID:Simian virus 40 DNA directs synthesis of authentic viral polypeptides in a linked transcription-translation cell-free system. 16 82

Denaturing solvents have been used to determine the molecular weight of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) activity in mouse pituitary, in an ACTH secreting mouse pituitary tumor cell line (AtT-20/D-16v), and in the tissue culture medium from the pituitary tumor cells. ACTH activity was quantitated by radioimmunoassay and by bioassay. It is possible to utilize guanidine hydrochloride or sodium dodecyl sulfate in characterizing the multiple forms of ACTH because treatment of porcine ACTH (the 39 amino acid polypeptide form of ACTH, alpha(1-39)), pituitary extracts, tumor cell extracts, and tumor cell tissue culture medium with these denaturants does not diminish the immunological ACTH activity. Based on gel filtration in the presence of guanidine hydrocholoride, extracts of the pituitary tumor cells and the mouse pituitary contain three distinct molecular weight classes of ACTH activity. The major form of ACTH has a molecular weight similar to alpha(1-39) (molecular weight 4000-5500), but there are significant amounts of two higher molecular weight forms of ACTH: molecular weight 6500-9000 and molecular weight 20,000-30,000. The 6500-9000 molecular weight form of ACTH is the major form of ACTH in the tissue culture medium; there is no peak of alpha(1-39) size ACTH in the medium. In the radioimmunoasay all three forms of ACTH generate competitive binding curves parallel to that of porcine alpha(1-39); in the bioassay (stimulation of steroidogenesis in a mouse adrenal tumor cell line) the dose response curve for each of the molecular forms of ACTH is parallel to that for porcine alpha(1-39).
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PMID:High molecular weight forms of adrenocorticotropic hormone in the mouse pituitary and in a mouse pituitary tumor cell line. 16 85

The RNA and polypeptide composition of chick syncytial virus (CSV) and duck infectious anemia virus (DIAV) was investigated and compared to that of reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) strain T, the prototype of the newly recognized REV group of viruses. CSV and DIAV contain genomic RNA species which cosediment with those of REV in sucrose gradients. Five or six polypeptides, two of which are glycoproteins, were consistently found in CSV and DIAV preparations. The major nonglycosylated polypeptides and glycoproteins of CSV and DIAV comigrated with the corresponding polypeptides of REV strain T. Since the genomic RNA species and the glycoproteins of avian tumor viruses fail to comigrate, this suggests that the REV complex is a more homogeneous group.
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PMID:Polypeptide and RNA composition of the reticuloendotheliosis viruses. 17 72

The Verner-Morrison Syndrome is a clinically defined entity caused by an islet cell tumor of the pancreas. More than 60 cases have been described so long. The syndrome is characterized by diarrhea, hypokalemia and hypochlorhydria. In addition to a diabetic disposition, raised calcium levels and skin alterations may be present. The diagnosis is a clinical one. A pancreatic tumor should be searched for and removed. Morphologically a benign and a maligne islet cell tumor or a diffuse hyperplasia of the islets of Langerhans can be found. Until now identification of the tumor cells has not been possible. There seems no doubt that the tumor cells produce a peptide hormone. Secretin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and combinations of hormones are discussed. The results are contradictory. Theories concerning the formal and causal pathogenesis are only incomplete and unproved up to now.
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PMID:[The Verner-Morrison syndrome. The clinical picture and pathologic anatomy]. 17 9

A review of our current progress in C-type virus vaccine research is presented. This includes the findings of C-type virus or its antigen expressions in every naturally occurring tumor of two strains of "low-incidence" laboratory mice, the BALB/cCr mouse and the NIH Swiss mouse. Vaccine preparation methods are described including the inactivation of C-type virus infectivity with optimal maintenance of the antigen titers of at least two of the polypeptides of the C-type virus, gp69/71 and p30. The cell-mediated immune response of the mouse to C-type virus vaccines, as measured by a footpad assay for delayed-type hypersensitivity and an in vitro lymphocyte transformation assay, is described. Studies with two murine C-type viruses (Rauscher leukemia and Gross leukemia) a simian C-type virus, and an avian C-type virus (avian myeloblastosis virus) showed that the cell-mediated immune response of the animal includes type-specific, group-specific, and interspecies-specific reactivity. The mouse gave a cell-mediated immune response to at least one of the polypeptides of the C-type virus, the gp69/71, whether this polypeptide was presented to the immune system of the mouse as whole virus, Tween-ether-treated virus, or a purified polypeptide. One measure of the effectiveness of the C-type virus vaccines was provided by immunization of the mouse with Rauscher leukemia virus preparation that induced resistance to challenge with both live Rauscher leukemia virus and a naturally occurring BALB/c leukemia virus. Evidence is presented that the C-type virus can act as an effective transplantation antigen in syngeneic tumor cell lines resulting in the immunogenicity and loss of tumorigenicity of these cell lines. An approach to the viral immunoprevention of spontaneously occurring tumors is discussed.
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PMID:An approach to C-type virus immunoprevention of spontaneously occurring tumors in laboratory mice. 17 22

Mitochondria isolated from spontaneous and transplanted mammary adenocarcinomas of two strains of mice were compared, by various biochemical criteria, to mitochondria from mammary glands of midpregnant or hormonally stimulated, cancer-free mice. The specific activities of several mitochondrial enzymes including cytochrome oxidase, alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase, and succinate dehydrogenase were twofold to threefold lower, whereas the activity of monoamine oxidase was two fold higher in tumor mitochondria. Malate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, and NADH oxidase showed similar levels of activity in tumor and midpregnant mammary gland mitochondria. In addition, mitochondrial polypeptide composition was analyzed by electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea polyacrylamide gels. Midpregnant mammary gland and mammary tumor mitochondria were similar in polypeptide composition; however, several differences were observed. A high-molecular-weight polypeptide, present in mid-pregnant mammary gland mitochondria was absent from tumor mitochondria. Also, tumor mitochondria contained an additional high-molecular-weight polypeptide not found in the midpregnant mammary gland. There were numerous differences in the relative proportions of many polypeptides common to both tumor and midpregnant mammary gland mitochondria.
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PMID:Biochemical studies on mitochondria isolated from Normal and Neoplastic Tissues of the Mouse Mammary Gland. 17 82

The premature termination and release of encephalomyocarditis viral RNA-programmed polypeptides were analyzed in a cell-free system from mouse ascites tumor cells. The KCL concentration affects the size distribution of products but not the extent of polypeptide release. The same major products (60,000 to 140,000 molecular weight) are found in both the soluble and particulate fractions. The majority of released polypeptides are free protein, whereas the ribosome-bound product is mostly in the form of peptidyl-tRNA.
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PMID:Mechanism of premature polypetide termination in a mouse ascites cell-free system programmed by encephalomyocarditis viral RNA. 17 9


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