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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Granulosa cell tumors with bizarre nuclei (GCT-BN) are rare lesions with a prognosis apparently similar to that of conventional granulosa cell tumors (GCT-NOS). The immunohistochemical features of GCT-BN have not been described, and the exact nature of the bizarre nuclei (BN) is unclear. Thirteen GCT-BN were studied with antibodies to cytokeratin, vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, muscle-specific actin, alpha smooth muscle actin, desmin, and S-100 protein. Six cases were also examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization for trisomy 12, a nonrandom chromosomal aberration found in a proportion of ovarian sex-cord stromal tumors. Histologically, 12 tumors (86%) contained BN areas interspersed with large areas of GCT-NOS. The remaining tumor contained only microscopic foci of GCT-NOS. Immunohistochemically, the tumors stained for vimentin (13 tumors), S-100 protein (11 tumors), muscle-specific actin (10 tumors), cytokeratin (eight tumors), alpha smooth muscle actin (eight tumors), and desmin (one tumor), but none stained for epithelial membrane antigen. Immunostaining results for the BN and GCT-NOS areas were concordant in eight (73%) of the 11 tumors in which both areas could be independently assessed. The remaining three tumors (27%) showed discordant results for only one of the eight markers used. In five patients, trisomy 12 was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in areas of BN but not in areas of GCT-NOS present in the same tumor. Trisomy 12 was also present in another BN tumor in which the foci of GCT-NOS were too small to be evaluated. We conclude that within GCT-BN, areas with BN are immunohistochemically similar to areas of GCT-NOS present in the same tumor. The finding of trisomy 12 in areas with BN but not GCT-NOS in the same tumor, however, suggests that cells with BN represent a genetically distinct clone of tumor cells arising within GCT-NOS.
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PMID:Ovarian granulosa cell tumors with bizarre nuclei: an immunohistochemical analysis with fluorescence in situ hybridization documenting trisomy 12 in the bizarre component [corrected]. 868 33

We report a series of five cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, four of which were fibrosarcomatous and all of which showed histologic and immunohistochemical evidence of focal myoid/myofibroblastic differentiation (accounting for up to 5% of each tumor). These lesions were identified amongst 208 cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans including 24 examples of the fibrosarcomatous variant. Three of the five patients were male and two were females; all were adults (37-72 years). One case arose on the scalp and two cases each on the abdominal wall and upper trunk. All tumors were less than 5cm in diameter and preoperative duration ranged from 2 months to 10 years. In three cases with follow-up there was no recurrence. Histologically, all tumors were typical fibrosarcomatous or ordinary dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans but for the presence of scattered to confluent nodules and bundles of eosinophilic spindle cells associated with well-defined cytoplasmic margins and vesicular nuclei associated with focal stromal hyalinization. While the typical dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans areas were CD34 positive, the myoid areas were negative for this antibody and positive for smooth muscle actin and pan-muscle actin. All tumors were desmin negative. Recognition of myofibroblastic differentiation in fibrosarcomatous dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is important not only because it gives support to the theory of a fibroblastic/myofibroblastic line of differentiation for this type of tumor, but also because it might be a source of confusion with other myofibroblastic lesions (e.g. myofibromatosis, adult myofibroma), especially when small biopsies are evaluated.
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PMID:Myoid differentiation in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and its fibrosarcomatous variant: clinicopathologic analysis of 5 cases. 908 58

Stromelysin-3 is produced in the stroma of various malignant tumors, and in breast carcinoma there seems to be a positive correlation between aggressive disease and intensity of stromelysin-3 expression, suggesting that stromelysin-3 participates in the tumor spread. In basal cell carcinoma, previous findings on stromelysin-3 have been inconclusive in this respect. Our study was undertaken to determine the pattern of stromelysin-3 production in relation to different histologic subtypes and stromal reactions in basal cell carcinoma. By in situ hybridization, stromelysin-3 mRNA was detected in stromal fibroblastic cells in 51/56 samples. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between strong signal for stromelysin-3 mRNA and infiltrative tumor growth. In all tumors, there was ongoing collagen synthesis as shown by a signal for procollagen I mRNA; this signal co-localized with stromelysin-3 around tumor nests. Our findings suggest a link between stromelysin-3 and fibrotic stromal response, which prompted us to evaluate the expression of stromelysin-3 in other fibrotic skin tumors. Interestingly, stromelysin-3, co-localizing with procollagen I mRNA, was consistently expressed in lesional cells in dermatofibromas (19/19), but not in dermatofibrosarcomas (0/7). Thus, our results indicate that in addition to being a marker for malignant disease, stromelysin-3 is produced by fibroblastic cells associated with benign fibrosis. A subset of cells producing stromelysin-3 appears to be myofibroblasts as demonstrated by immunoreactivity for alpha smooth muscle actin in both basal cell carcinoma and dermatofibroma.
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PMID:Stromelysin-3 mRNA associated with myofibroblasts is overexpressed in aggressive basal cell carcinoma and in dermatofibroma but not in dermatofibrosarcoma. 875 54

We report the clinical features, light microscopic and ultrastructural appearance, and the immunohistochemical profile of seven benign fibrous tumors recently designated as desmoplastic fibroblastoma. The tumors occurred in four women and three men, who ranged in age from 41 to 76 years (mean, 53 yr). The tumors were located in the left thigh, right shoulder, right upper arm, left forearm, right neck, posterior neck, and foot and measured from 1.5 to 8 cm (mean, 4.6 cm) in greatest diameter. Four tumors were located in the subcutaneous tissue, two tumors were intramuscular, and one tumor involved the subcutaneous tissue and adjacent skeletal muscle. Six patients underwent a simple excision; one patient underwent a wide excision of the tumor. Grossly, the tumors were well circumscribed with a white to tan-white, bulging cut surface. Microscopically, they all displayed similar features and were composed of widely separated stellate- or spindle-shaped cells embedded in a hypovascular fibrous or fibromyxoid stroma. No mitotic figures, calcifications, or necrosis were identified. Five tumors were well demarcated, and two tumors had focally infiltrating margins. Ultrastructural examination performed on two cases showed that the tumor cells had features of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Immunohistochemical examinations performed on six cases showed that all of the tumors were diffusely positive for vimentin. One tumor showed diffuse staining for smooth muscle actin, and two tumors were focally positive for that antibody. One tumor showed diffuse staining for muscle actin, and another one was focally positive. Two tumors demonstrated diffuse faint staining for S100 protein. There was no staining for desmin, keratin, or CD34. Follow-up information was available in four cases and ranged from 1 to 60 months (average, 24 mo). No tumor recurred. Although the term desmoplastic fibroblastoma has been applied to this neoplasm, we think that the name collagenous fibroma is more appropriate for these tumors.
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PMID:Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma): a report of seven cases. 883 62

A 78-year-old man presented with an esophageal polyp that was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy to be malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The tumor was comprised of a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells admixed with bizarre giant cells. These tumor cells were immunoreactive for smooth muscle actin, vimentin, alpha-1-anti-chymotrypsin and CD68. Electron microscopic examination revealed the myofibroblastic and histiocytic features of the tumor cells. No elements of epithelial or myogenic differentiation were found in the tumor. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the esophagus is extremely rare, with 10 cases being documented so far in the literature. The differential diagnosis of pleomorphic tumors of the esophagus is discussed.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the esophagus. 886 99

We report three cases of epithelioid hemangioma of small tubular bones in women aged 20, 24, and 50 years. In two patients, the tumor appeared during or shortly after pregnancy. We studied clinical data, radiographs, and hematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides, and we performed immunohistochemical and flow cytometric DNA analysis. The tumor was in distal phalanges of the fingers in two patients and in metatarsal bone in one. Cortical bone destruction with infiltration of the surrounding soft tissue was seen in all of the patients. Light microscopic examination showed characteristic morphology, highlighted by epithelioid endothelial cells with different degrees of vasoformativity. Immunohistochemically, the epithelioid cells showed strong positive reaction for Factor VIII in all three patients, for CD31 in two, and for CD34 in one. Ulex europaeus antigen and keratins were negative. Laminin and collagen IV delineated innumerable predominantly abortive vascular structures, which were encircled by cells that presumably were pericytic and that were positive for smooth muscle actin. A relatively high degree of immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki67 contrasted with the low mitotic rate and low percentage of cells in S phase. Progesterone and estrogen receptors were negative. Epithelioid hemangiomas of small tubular bones are rare lesions that are characterized by early bone destruction and infiltration of soft tissues. Their association with pregnancy may be fortuitous; if any gestation-related proliferative stimulation exists, it does not seem to be mediated through steroid receptors.
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PMID:Epithelioid hemangioma of small tubular bones: a report of three cases, two of them associated with pregnancy. 887 23

Even when clinical data strongly suggest the presence of a metastatic neoplasm in the breast, this occurrence almost invariably raises great problems in diagnostic pathology. Both cases presented here had a well-recognized primitive neoplasm located elsewhere. Nonetheless, great importance was given to the application of ancillary techniques; the immunostains for "breast discriminants"--GCDFP15, HMFG1, and HMFG2--on tissue sections helped the recognition of a metastatic renal cell carcinoma; and the stains for S100 protein, smooth muscle actin, cytokeratins, and neurofilaments on cytologic material allowed the identification of a metastatic mediastinal leiomyosarcoma.
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PMID:Metastatic neoplasms of the breast: fine-needle aspiration cytology of two cases. 887 38

We report herein the case of a 36-year-old woman in whom a breast mass was diagnosed histologically and immunohistochemically as myofibroblastoma (MFB). The patient initially presented with a breast mass measuring 1.0 x 1.5 cm which was demonstrated by mammography as a well-circumscribed, round tumor with two coarse calcifications. On ultrasonography, the tumor showed slight shadowy internal echoes. Histological examination of an excisional biopsy specimen demonstrated a tumor consisting of spindle-shaped cells and broad bands of hyalinized collagen with cartilaginous and osseous components, but no epithelial components were observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for alpha smooth muscle actin, and a diagnosis of MFB was made. A wide excision of the breast was performed as a secondary procedure, and the patient is well and free from recurrence 1 year after her operation. We present this case to stress the need for breast surgeons to be aware of the existence of MFB when considering the differential diagnosis of stromal lesions of the breast to avoid performing unnecessarily extensive procedures.
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PMID:Myofibroblastoma of the breast: report of a case. 888 48

We report the clinical and pathologic features of an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular gland that metastasized to the ovaries 10 years after initial presentation. A 30-year-old woman underwent excision of a right submandibular adenoid cystic carcinoma followed by regional external beam radiation therapy. Three years later, she underwent extended hepatic resection and localized radiotherapy to the hepatic region for metastatic disease. The patient was without evidence of disease for 7 years when she developed pelvic pain and a pelvic mass was found. A solid and cystic 10-cm left ovarian mass and a single metastatic tumor nodule involving the right ovary were excised via the laparoscope. Histologically, the tumor was identical to the patient's initial salivary gland neoplasm. The neoplastic cells were CAM 5.2 positive, S100 positive, muscle-specific actin positive, and smooth muscle actin positive. Ultrastructurally, characteristic pseudocysts (pseudolumina) with abundant basal lamina and true glandular lumina lined by short microvilli were present. Other than a single anecdotal account of a parotid gland adenoid cystic carcinoma, this case represents the first documented report of an adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin that was associated with symptomatic ovarian metastases. This case demonstrates that the ovary is a potential site for metastatic disease many years following the diagnosis and treatment for a primary neoplasm however uncommon or remote the site of origin. Since metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma can rarely present as an ovarian mass, a clinical history of this neoplasm should be heavily weighed in the differential diagnosis of any unusual ovarian tumor with a predominant cribriform, trabecular, or tubular pattern.
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PMID:Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular gland with symptomatic ovarian metastases. 888 83

Sialadenoma papilliferum (SP) is a rare, benign, salivary gland tumor which most commonly arises in the palate. It has a typical biphasic gross and microscopic appearance which distinguishes this tumor from other papillary-like tumors of the oral cavity. This study reports the clinico-pathologic features of 5 new cases and analyzes the morphologic and immunophenotypic features of their cell components. Adluminal epithelial cells of duct-like structures appeared immunoreactive to cytokeratin 19 and to S-100 protein antibodies; two subsets of basally-located cells were identified by means of immunohistochemistry. One cell subset expressed cytokeratin 14, S-100 protein, GFAP, vimentin and smooth muscle actin immunoreactivity; this antigenic profile is consistent with myoepithelial differentiation. The second subset of basal cells expressed cytokeratins 13 and 14 reactivity but it was negative to all other antibodies. Anti-CD 1a and anti-S-100 protein antibodies revealed distinct cells with dendritic processes which resembled Langerhans cells. The extralobular location of SP, the continuity between neoplastic duct-like structures and the surface epithelium along with the presence, within the excretory ducts adjacent to the tumour, of lesions which possibly precede the development of SP give further strength to the hypothesis of an origin from the excretory ducts of this tumor. Langerhans cells seem to be present in sialadenoma papilliferum but their role in this tumor is still unclear.
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PMID:Sialadenoma papilliferum: an immunohistochemical study of five cases. 888 80


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